Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A State-of-the-art Review

Current Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 557 - 635

Published: May 3, 2023

Abstract: This narrative state-of-the-art review paper describes the progress in understanding and treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Over last four decades, scientific landscape has matured, with many interdisciplinary contributions to its diagnosis, etiology, epidemiology. Advances genetics, neurobiology, stress pathophysiology, brain imaging have made it apparent that chronic PTSD is a systemic disorder high allostatic load. The current state includes wide variety pharmacological psychotherapeutic approaches, which are evidence-based. However, myriad challenges inherent disorder, such as individual barriers good outcome, comorbidity, emotional dysregulation, suicidality, dissociation, substance use, trauma-related guilt shame, often render response suboptimal. These discussed drivers for emerging novel including early interventions Golden Hours, interventions, medication augmentation use psychedelics, well targeting nervous system. All this aims improve symptom relief clinical outcomes. Finally, phase orientation recognized tool strategize position step progression pathophysiology. Revisions guidelines systems care will be needed incorporate innovative treatments evidence emerges they become mainstream. generation well-positioned address devastating disabling impact traumatic events through holistic, cutting-edge efforts research.

Language: Английский

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The Burden of Carbohydrates in Health and Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(18), P. 3809 - 3809

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Foods high in carbohydrates are an important part of a healthy diet, since they provide the body with glucose to support bodily functions and physical activity. However, abusive consumption refined, simple, low-quality has direct implication on mental pathophysiology. Then, carbohydrate is postulated as crucial factor development main Western diseases 21st century. We conducted this narrative critical review using MedLine (Pubmed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, CinAhl databases MeSH-compliant keywords: evolution, development, phylogenetic, GUT, microbiota, stress, metabolic health, behaviors, disease, cardiovascular anxiety, depression, cancer, chronic kidney failure, allergies, asthma order analyze impact health. Evidence suggests that carbohydrates, especially fiber, beneficial for well-being growth gut microorganisms consequently host symbiotic relationship, producing microbial alterations negative effect health different organic systems. In addition, evidence simple refined mood categories, including alertness tiredness, reinforcing vicious circle. Regarding sugar intake can affect prognosis uncontrolled puts individuals at risk developing syndrome subsequently disease.

Language: Английский

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New Insights and Potential Therapeutic Interventions in Metabolic Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(13), P. 10672 - 10672

Published: June 26, 2023

Endocrine homeostasis and metabolic diseases have been the subject of extensive research in recent years. The development new techniques insights has led to a deeper understanding mechanisms underlying these conditions opened up avenues for diagnosis treatment. In this review, we discussed rise diseases, especially Western countries, genetical, psychological, behavioral basis role nutrition physical activity single-cell transcriptomics, gut microbiota, epigenetics, advanced imaging techniques, cell-based therapies diseases. Finally, practical applications derived from information are made.

Language: Английский

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Physical activity and COVID-19. The basis for an efficient intervention in times of COVID-19 pandemic

Physiology & Behavior, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 244, P. 113667 - 113667

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Sustainable Development Goals in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(13), P. 7726 - 7726

Published: June 24, 2022

The present narrative review aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sustainable development goals (SDGS). This information would allow a better comprehension actual state SDGS and more efficient programming in future interventions. To achieve objective study, consensual critical was carried out using both primary sources, such as scientific articles, secondary bibliographic indexes, web pages databases. Sustainable Development Goals are global call action end poverty, close gender gap, protect planet, improve lives people around world. In 2015, United Nations General Assembly adopted 17 part 2030 Agenda for Development, which sets plan 15 years. However, crisis has been turning point achievement these goals, due all its consequences at political, economic, socio-cultural levels. can be used guide research reviews order understand status each SDGs what actions have taken proposed aftermath recent

Language: Английский

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Mis–Dis Information in COVID-19 Health Crisis: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. 5321 - 5321

Published: April 27, 2022

In this narrative review, we address the COVID-19 pandemic mis-dis information crisis in which healthcare systems have been pushed to their limits, with collapses occurring worldwide. The context of uncertainty has resulted skepticism, confusion, and general malaise among population. Informing public one major challenges during pandemic. Misinformation is defined as false shared by people who no intention misleading others. Disinformation deliberately created disseminated malicious intentions. To reach a consensus critical review about crisis. A database search was conducted PsychINFO, MedLine (Pubmed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase CinAhl. Databases used MeSH-compliant keywords COVID-19, 2019-nCoV, Coronavirus 2019, SARS-CoV-2, misinformation, disinformation, information, vaccines, vaccination, origin, target, spread, communication. Both misinformation disinformation can affect population's confidence vaccines (development, safety, efficacy well denial severity SARS-CoV infection). Institutions should take into account that great part success intervention combat relationship power stop processes. response be well-structured addressed from different key points: central level community level, official centralized communication channels. approach multifactorial enhanced collaboration social media companies trustworthy both working or not health care boost message. clearly message based on scientific evidence.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional Modulation of the Gut–Brain Axis: A Comprehensive Review of Dietary Interventions in Depression and Anxiety Management

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 549 - 549

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Mental health is an increasing topic of focus since more than 500 million people in the world suffer from depression and anxiety. In this multifactorial disorder, parameters such as inflammation, state microbiota and, therefore, patient's nutrition are receiving attention. addition, food products source many essential ingredients involved regulation mental processes, including amino acids, neurotransmitters, vitamins, others. For reason, narrative review was carried out with aim analyzing role anxiety disorders. To reach aim, a critical conducted utilizing both primary sources, scientific publications secondary bibliographic indexes, web pages, databases. The search PsychINFO, MedLine (Pubmed), Cochrane (Wiley), Embase, CinAhl. results show direct relationship between what we eat our nervous system. gut-brain axis complex system which intestinal communicates directly provides it neurotransmitters for its proper functioning. An imbalance due to poor will cause inflammatory response that, if sustained over time together other factors, can lead disorders depression. Changes functions microbiota-gut-brain have been linked several It believed that modulation microbiome composition may be effective strategy new treatment these Modifications nutritional behaviors use ergogenic components presented important non-pharmacological interventions prevention treatment. desirable choice probiotic individual patients based on appropriate biochemical microbiological tests.

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Anxiety, Stress, and Depression Among COVID-19 Survivors After 40 Months in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: An Online Cross-Sectional Study

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 3, 2024

Background and aims: COVID-19 survivors often experience significant pervasive psychological distress. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence demographic factors affecting anxiety, stress, depression levels among in Kurdistan region of Iraq. Method: online cross-sectional was conducted from August 1, 2023 December 17, 2023, Iraq, including Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Duhok. Purposive sampling used collect data using an survey. The survey included information Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale - 21 Items (DASS-21). Statistical analysis performed Stata version 12 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX), with frequency percentage for categorical variables mean standard deviation quantitative variables. Ordinal regression analyses were assess associations between mental health outcomes. A p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: total 783 participants enrolled study. score anxiety 11.62 ± 4.71, indicating moderate levels. For depression, 11.54 5.21, mild levels, 14.0 5.78, normal Younger individuals (15-27) showed higher stress (Estimate: 18.96, P=0.001) 2.79, compared older age groups. Males reported significantly lower -1.01, P=0.001), -1.29, -0.72, females. Participants a diploma had 0.65, P=0.004) 0.77, P=0.002) those only elementary education. Conclusions: found survivors, To address these issues, it is recommended that policymakers develop targeted interventions. Healthcare providers should focus on early identification treatment, providing personalized counseling support enhance coping mechanisms overall well-being. By implementing measures, outcomes Iraq can be improved.

Language: Английский

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Adolescent Mental Health and School Belonging in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Subsequent Government Lockdowns

Journal of Adolescent Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

We hypothesized that extended exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdown was associated with increased depression anxiety symptoms among South African adolescents a sense of school belonging mediated these relationships. also poor mental health or impacted alcohol consumption. Embedded in Asenze Cohort Study, data were collected from between 2019 2021. The Patient Health Questionnaire, General Anxiety Disorder questionnaire Psychological Sense School Membership scale used measure depression, anxiety, belonging, respectively. Alcohol consumption cumulative score total number days consumed previous 30 days. Lockdown months participants exposed conditions. Structural equation modeling assess relationship outcome variables. Among 866 included analysis, approximately 20% met symptom criteria for moderate severe anxiety. mean high (23; SD = 5.79) low. not directly indirectly symptoms. A greater reduced both This study contradicts studies suggests this cohort adolescents. despite closures lower Research around how it can be promoted better support isolated students is recommended.

Language: Английский

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The mind–money connection: how financial health shapes mental well-being (and vice versa)

Mental Health and Social Inclusion, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Purpose This work aims to examine the bidirectional relationship between mental health and personal finance, synthesizing empirical evidence identify trends, characteristics future directions for research. Design/methodology/approach Using PRISMA Framework guidelines, 32 articles published 2002 2024 from Web of Science were analyzed. Bibliometric tools (Microsoft Excel R Studio) mapped research evolution, country collaborations keyword co-occurrence. Thematic analysis clustered findings into health, financial capability literacy perspectives. Findings The interplay finance creates a self-perpetuating cycle, wherein structural elements like debt income instability disproportionately impact marginalized populations, including women, autistic individuals low-income families. Financial literacy, while important, cannot stand alone; it necessitates accompanying support such as relief cash transfers. Central facilitators encompass fiscal assurance efficacy. Advancements artificial intelligence longitudinal designs are propelling development in this domain; however, discrepancies measurement continue exist. Originality/value review synthesizes diverse array literature, underscoring imperative integrated interventions. It offers critical examination excessive dependence on solutions focused solely individual, advocating comprehensive policies that tackle matter public significance. Future inquiries should aim establish uniform metrics, investigate ramifications digital emphasize importance cross-cultural causal analyses.

Language: Английский

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