The Involvement of Cx43 in JNK1/2-Mediated Endothelial Mechanotransduction and Human Plaque Progression DOI Open Access
Miyuki Tauchi, Kensuke Oshita,

Katharina Urschel

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1174 - 1174

Published: Jan. 7, 2023

Atherosclerotic lesions preferentially develop at bifurcations, characterized by non-uniform shear stress (SS). The aim of this study was to investigate SS-induced endothelial activation, focusing on stress-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and downstream signaling, its relation gap junction proteins, Connexins (Cxs). Human umbilical vein cells were exposed flow (“mechanical stimulation”) stimulated with TNF-α (“inflammatory stimulation”). Phosphorylated levels MAPKs (c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2), extracellular signal-regulated (ERK), p38 (p38K)) quantified cytometry, showing the activation JNK1/2 ERK. THP-1 cell adhesion under SS suppressed inhibition JNK1/2, not Immunofluorescence staining quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated an induction c-Jun c-Fos Cx43 in SS, latter abolished inhibition. Furthermore, plaque inflammation analyzed human carotid plaques (n = 40) using immunohistochemistry quanti-gene RNA-assays, revealing elevated Cx43+ counts vulnerable compared stable plaques. burden shoulder correlated intraplaque neovascularization lipid core size, while inverse correlation observed fibrous cap thickness. Our results constitute first report that mediates mechanoinduction atheroprone is expressed markers vulnerability implies contribution progression.

Language: Английский

Cardiac Troponin Serum Concentration Measurement Is Useful Not Only in the Diagnosis of Acute Cardiovascular Events DOI Open Access
Grzegorz K. Jakubiak

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 230 - 230

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Cardiac troponin serum concentration is the primary marker used for diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Moreover, measurement cardiac important risk stratification in patients with pulmonary embolism. The level also a general myocardial damage, regardless etiology. purpose this study to conduct literature review and present most information regarding current state knowledge on chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well relationships between features subclinical dysfunction. According research conducted date, CVDs, such syndrome, lower extremities' ischemia, cerebrovascular disease, are characterized by higher concentrations than people without CVD. data indicate that correlated markers dysfunction system, intima-media thickness, pulse wave velocity, ankle-brachial index, artery calcium index (the Agatston score), flow-mediated dilation. However, further needed various patient subpopulations different clinical contexts.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Lipids in Atherosclerosis: Pathophysiology and the Role of Calculated Lipid Indices in Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Hyperlipidemia DOI Open Access
Melania Gaggini, Francesca Gorini, Cristina Vassalle

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 75 - 75

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

The role of lipids is essential in any phase the atherosclerotic process, which considered a chronic lipid-related and inflammatory condition. traditional lipid profile (including evaluation total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein) well-established tool to assess risk atherosclerosis as such has been widely used pillar cardiovascular disease prevention target pharmacological treatments clinical practice over last decades. However, other non-traditional have emerged possible alternative predictors cardiometabolic addition single or panel lipids, they better reflect overall interaction between lipid/lipoprotein fractions. Therefore, this review deals with involvement characterizing pathophysiology atherosclerosis, discussing some recently proposed indices and, light available knowledge, their actual potential new additive tools stratify patients hyperlipidemia well therapeutic targets practice.

Language: Английский

Citations

66
Radiological Modalities for the Assessment of Fetal Growth Restriction: A Comprehensive Review DOI Creative Commons
Shaymaa Khalid Abdulqader, Wassan Nori, Nabeeha Najatee Akram

et al.

AL-Kindy College Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 4 - 13

Published: April 1, 2024

Fetal growth restriction is a significant contributor to fetal morbidity and mortality. In addition, there are heightened maternal risks associated with surgical operations their accompanying dangers. Monitoring development crucial objective of prenatal care effective methods for early diagnosis restriction, allowing prompt management timely intervention improve the outcomes. Screening can be achieved via many modalities; it medical, biochemical, or radiological. Some recommended combining more than one better Currently, inconsistency about best method screening. this review, comprehensive evaluation current radiological used including serial scan, Doppler velocimetry, biophysical profile offered. Limitations, potential enhancements area were specifically analyzing effectiveness. Moreover, recently developed experimental techniques presented how integrate them into practice enhance follow-up performance results.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin Increases Antioxidative Capacity and Improves Renal Function in Diabetic Rats DOI Open Access
Habib Yaribeygi, Mohammad Amin Hemmati, Fatemeh Sokouti Nasimi

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 3815 - 3815

Published: June 1, 2023

Introduction: There are several pathologic mechanisms involved in diabetic nephropathy, but the role of oxidative stress seems to be one most important. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors a relatively new class antidiabetic drugs that might also have some other effects addition lowering glucose. The aim this study was evaluate possible SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on and renal function diabetes. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, control-treated, diabetic, diabetic-treated (n = 8 per group). Diabetes induced by single intraperitoneal dose streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). treated animals received for 5 weeks (20 mg/kg/day/po). All groups sacrificed 36th day, blood tissue samples collected. Serum levels urea, uric acid, creatinine, glucose determined. level malondialdehyde (MDA) glutathione (GLT), as well activity catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD), measured all groups. Data analyzed using one-way Anova paired T-tests, p ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Results: significantly increased urea (p < 0.001), acid creatinine 0.001) serum, while activities CAT SOD reduced. GLT reduced MDA non-treated animals. Treatment with improved function, shown reduction serum 0.03), 0.001). Empagliflozin antioxidant capacity increasing 0.035) 0.02) content 0.01) damage Conclusions: It uncontrolled diabetes induces insufficiency decreasing defense inducing stress. additional benefits glucose—-reversing these processes, improving antioxidative capacity, function.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Endothelial dysfunction in neurodegenerative disease: Is endothelial inflammation an overlooked druggable target? DOI Creative Commons

Megan Ritson,

Caroline Wheeler‐Jones, Helen B. Stolp

et al.

Journal of Neuroimmunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 391, P. 578363 - 578363

Published: May 3, 2024

Neurological diseases with a neurodegenerative component have been associated alterations in the cerebrovasculature. At anatomical level, these are centred around changes cerebral blood flow and vessel organisation. molecular there is extensive expression of cellular adhesion molecules increased release pro-inflammatory mediators. Together, has found to negatively impact blood-brain barrier integrity. Systemic inflammation accelerate exacerbate endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation degeneration. Here, we review role cerebrovasculature dysfunction disease discuss potential contribution intermittent systemic causing pathology, highlighting possible mechanism that may allow broad-spectrum therapeutic targeting future.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor Empagliflozin Reverses Hyperglycemia-Induced Monocyte and Endothelial Dysfunction Primarily through Glucose Transport-Independent but Redox-Dependent Mechanisms DOI Open Access
Dilvin Semo, Julius Obergassel,

Marc Dorenkamp

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1356 - 1356

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to vascular cell dysfunction subsequent cardiovascular events in T2DM. Selective sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor empagliflozin significantly improves mortality T2DM patients (EMPA-REG trial). Since SGLT-2 is known be expressed on cells other than the kidney cells, we investigated potential ability of regulate glucose transport alleviate hyperglycaemia-induced these cells.Primary human monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood healthy individuals. Primary umbilical vein endothelial (HUVECs) primary coronary artery (HCAECs), fetoplacental (HPECs) used as EC model cells. Cells exposed hyperglycaemic conditions vitro 40 ng/mL or 100 empagliflozin. The expression levels relevant molecules analysed by RT-qPCR confirmed FACS. Glucose uptake assays carried out with a fluorescent derivative glucose, 2-NBDG. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was measured using H2DFFDA method. Monocyte chemotaxis modified Boyden chamber assays.Both express SGLT-2. Hyperglycaemic did not alter ECs conditions. presence GLUT inhibitors revealed that inhibition very mildly, but significantly, suppressed However, detected significant suppression ROS when inhibit function. readily exhibited impaired behaviour. co-treatment reversed PlGF-1 resistance phenotype monocytes. Similarly, blunted VEGF-A responses also restored empagliflozin, which could attributed restoration VEGFR-2 receptor surface. induction completely recapitulated most aberrant phenotypes general antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) able mimic effects empagliflozin.This study provides data indicating beneficial role reversing dysfunction. Even though both functional SGLT-2, transporter Therefore, it seems likely does directly prevent hyperglycaemia-mediated enhanced glucotoxicity inhibiting uptake. We identified reduction reason for improved function In conclusion, reverses independent partially its effects.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Relationship of Thyroid Volume and Function with Ankle-Brachial Index, Toe-Brachial Index, and Toe Pressure in Euthyroid People Aged 18–65 DOI Creative Commons
Grzegorz K. Jakubiak, Natalia Pawlas, Małgorzata Morawiecka-Pietrzak

et al.

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(9), P. 1445 - 1445

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

: The interrelationship between thyroid function and the state of cardiovascular system has been investigated both in preclinical human studies. However, it remains unclear whether there is any association hormones features subclinical dysfunction euthyroid patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
A New Approach to Vascular Screening: Identification of Impaired Vascular Function Using the FMSF Technique DOI Creative Commons
Andrzej Marcinek, Joanna Katarzyńska, Jerzy Gębicki

et al.

Sensors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 1721 - 1721

Published: March 7, 2024

Arterial blood pressure monitoring plays an important role in preventive medicine, allowing, selected cases, the identification of vascular dysfunction. In this review, we propose a new non-invasive approach to assessment circulatory system, based on its reaction hypoxia induced by post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). Three key parameters can be used for screening: Reactive Hyperemia Response (RHR), which represents overall macro- and microcirculation transient hypoxia; Hypoxia Sensitivity (HS), reflects hypoxia-induced activation myogenic oscillations microcirculation; Normoxia Oscillatory Index (NOI), characterizes microcirculatory under normoxia conditions. A method assessing these parameters, analogous simplicity arterial measurement, is provided Flow Mediated Skin Fluorescence (FMSF) technique. Reference values are proposed numerous test measurements.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Endothelial Dysfunction as a Key Link between Cardiovascular Disease and Frailty: A Systematic Review DOI Open Access
Hakan Calila, Elena Bălăşescu, Roxana Nedelcu

et al.

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 2686 - 2686

Published: May 2, 2024

Background: Frailty is increasingly recognized as a significant health concern, particularly due to its association with cardiovascular pathologies. This study aims examine how vascular endothelial dysfunction, known premorbid stage in the pathophysiology of diseases, contributes link between illness and frailty. Methods: The inclusion criteria allowed us focus on original clinical research articles published English January 2014 2024, which reported quantitative assessments relationship frailty dysfunction. Excluded from were systematic literature reviews, meta-analyses, editorials, conference articles, theses, methodological studies using animal or cell culture models. Searches conducted electronic databases, including Scopus, ScienceDirect, Medline, up 22 2024. risk bias was assessed Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools. methods used present synthesize results involved data extraction categorization based biomolecular findings Results: Following application exclusion criteria, total 29 identified. Vascular dysfunction associated increased phenotypes, we also identified SGLT-2 inhibitors’ potential role an anti-fragility treatment that affects found physical markers are measures have predictive value for incident Furthermore, some shown inflammation impact frailty, innovative age-related chronic measure has been proven predict scores. Conclusions: current evidence suggests highlighting need further elucidate underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
High ADMA Is Associated with Worse Health Profile in Heart Failure Patients Hospitalized for Episodes of Acute Decompensation DOI Creative Commons

Anamaria Vîlcea,

Simona Maria Borta, Romana Olivia Popețiu

et al.

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(5), P. 813 - 813

Published: May 15, 2024

Background and Objectives: episodes of acute decompensation in chronic heart failure (ADHF), a common health problem for the growing elderly population, pose significant socio-economic burden on public systems. Limited knowledge is available both endothelial function cardio-metabolic profile old adults hospitalized due to ADHF. This study aimed investigate connection between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)—a potent inhibitor nitric oxide—and key biomarkers this category high-risk patients. Materials Methods: pilot included 83 individuals with known ADHF history who were admitted ICU cardiac decompensation. Selected cardiovascular, metabolic, haemogram, renal, liver parameters measured at admission ICU. Key renal indicators (serum creatinine, sodium, potassium) determined again discharge. These compared patients stratified by median ADMA (114 ng/mL). Results: high showed significantly higher incidence ischemic cardiomyopathy longer length hospital stay those low subjects. exhibited urea creatinine discharge, indicating poorer function. Moreover, their lipid was less favorable, elevated levels total cholesterol HDL. However, no inter-group differences observed other measured. Conclusions: present findings disclose multidimensional, adverse ADMA-related changes risk recurrent episodes.

Language: Английский

Citations

4