The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) in Autoimmune Disease and Current TNF-α Inhibitors in Therapeutics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(5), P. 2719 - 2719

Published: March 8, 2021

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was initially recognized as a that causes the of tumors, but it has been recently identified to have additional important functions pathological component autoimmune diseases. TNF-α binds two different receptors, which initiate signal transduction pathways. These pathways lead various cellular responses, including cell survival, differentiation, and proliferation. However, inappropriate or excessive activation signaling is associated with chronic inflammation can eventually development complications such Understanding mechanism expanded applied for treatment immune diseases, resulted in effective therapeutic tools, inhibitors. Currently, clinically approved inhibitors shown noticeable potency variety novel are being evaluated. In this review, we briefly introduce impact on diseases its inhibitors, used agents against

Language: Английский

---

Inflammation and Pancreatic Cancer: Focus on Metabolism, Cytokines, and Immunity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 676 - 676

Published: Feb. 5, 2019

Systemic and local chronic inflammation might enhance the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), PDAC-associated inflammatory infiltrate in tumor microenvironment concurs enhancing growth metastasis. Inflammation is closely correlated with immunity, same immune cell populations contributing to both response. In PDAC microenvironment, unbalanced towards an immunosuppressive phenotype, a prevalence myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSC), M2 polarized macrophages, Treg, over M1 dendritic cells, effector CD4+ CD8+ T lymphocytes. The dynamic continuously evolving cross-talk between cancer be direct contact-dependent, but it mainly mediated by soluble exosomes-carried cytokines. Among these, necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays relevant role risk, growth, cancer-associated cachexia. this review, we describe types, cytokines, mechanisms underlying progression, particular attention on TNFα, also light potential risks or benefits associated anti-TNFα treatments.

Language: Английский

---

Role and mechanisms of cytokines in the secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 178, P. 101610 - 101610

Published: March 25, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Monoclonal antibodies for COVID-19 therapy and SARS-CoV-2 detection

Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is an exceptional public health crisis that demands the timely creation of new therapeutics and viral detection. Owing to their high specificity reliability, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have emerged as powerful tools treat detect numerous diseases. Hence, many researchers begun urgently develop Ab-based kits for detection severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Ab drugs use COVID-19 therapeutic agents. detailed structure SARS-CoV-2 spike protein known, since this key infection, its receptor-binding domain (RBD) has become a major target development. Because RNA virus with mutation rate, especially under selective pressure aggressively deployed prophylactic vaccines neutralizing Abs, cocktails expected be important strategy effective treatment. Moreover, infection may stimulate overactive immune response, resulting in cytokine storm drives progression. Abs combat storms also been intense development treatments COVID-19. In addition drugs, are currently being utilized tests, including antigen immunoglobulin tests. Such tests crucial surveillance can used prevent spread Herein, we highlight some points regarding mAb-based pandemic.

Language: Английский

---

Targeting co-stimulatory molecules in autoimmune disease

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 19(12), P. 860 - 883

Published: Sept. 16, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Glucocorticoid Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mechanisms and Clinical Practice

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 3, 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s (CD). IBD etiopathology is multifactorial involves alteration of immune cells chronic activation the inflammatory cascade against yet unknown environmental factors that trigger disease. therapy aims at improving quality life reducing risk disease-related complications to avoid need for surgery. There no specific cure IBDs, focus supportive measures use anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive drugs. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are powerful immunomodulatory agents used treat many acute diseases. GCs remain basic treatment moderate-to-severe IBD, but their limited by several important adverse drug effects. Topical administration a second-generation GCs, such as budesonide beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), represents valid alternative older, systemic GCs. Administration shows promisingly high topical activity less toxicity, maintenance with these new in patients associated multiple In this review, we make comparative analysis efficacy first-generation treatment. Unraveling GC biology molecular level uncouple clinical benefits from detrimental effects important. One approach consider mediators, glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper, which may have similar properties, avoids side This in-depth can help improve development outcomes therapies IBD.

Language: Английский

---

Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG): New Therapeutic Perspectives for Neuroprotection, Aging, and Neuroinflammation for the Modern Age

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 371 - 371

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are the two most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases. The exact etiology these disorders is not well known; however, environmental, molecular, genetic influences play a major role in pathogenesis Using disease (AD) as archetype, pathological findings include aggregation Amyloid Beta (Aβ) peptides, mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic degradation caused by inflammation, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), cerebrovascular dysregulation. This review highlights neuroinflammatory neuroprotective epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): medicinal component green tea, known nutraceutical that has shown promise modulating AD progression due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging abilities. report also re-examines current literature provides innovative approaches for EGCG be used preventive measure alleviate other disorders.

Language: Английский

---

The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 7, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in countless infections and caused millions of deaths since its emergence 2019. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mortality is by uncontrolled inflammation, aberrant immune response, cytokine storm, an imbalanced hyperactive system. The storm further results multiple organ failure lung immunopathology. Therefore, any potential treatments should focus on the direct elimination viral particles, prevention strategies, mitigation (hyperactive) This review focuses secretions innate adaptive responses against COVID-19, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, other chemokines. In addition to focus, we discuss immunotherapeutic approaches based relevant pathophysiological features, systemic response SARS-CoV-2, data from recent clinical trials experiments COVID-19-associated storm. Prompt use these cytokines as diagnostic markers aggressive management can help determine morbidity mortality. prophylaxis rapid appear significantly improve outcomes. For reasons, this study aims provide advanced information facilitate innovative strategies survive COVID-19 pandemic.

Language: Английский

---

The roles of critical pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the drive of cytokine storm during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

Abstract In patients with severe COVID‐19, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiple organ dysfunction (MODS), and even mortality can result from cytokine storm, which is a hyperinflammatory medical condition caused by the excessive uncontrolled release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. High levels numerous crucial cytokines, such as interleukin‐1 (IL‐1), IL‐2, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interferon (IFN)‐γ, IFN‐induced protein 10 kDa, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, IL‐10 so on, have been found in COVID‐19. They participate cascade amplification pathways responses through complex inflammatory networks. Here, we review involvements these critical cytokines SARS‐CoV‐2 infection discuss their potential roles triggering or regulating help to understand pathogenesis So far, there rarely effective therapeutic strategy for storm besides using glucocorticoids, proved fatal side effects. Clarifying key involved network will develop an ideal intervention, neutralizing antibody certain inhibitor some signal pathways.

Language: Английский

---

TNF and TNF receptors as therapeutic targets for rheumatic diseases and beyond

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(9), P. 576 - 591

Published: Aug. 4, 2023

Language: Английский

---