Recent progress of collagen, chitosan, alginate and other hydrogels in skin repair and wound dressing applications

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 208, P. 400 - 408

Published: March 3, 2022

Language: Английский

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Cutaneous Malassezia: Commensal, Pathogen, or Protector?

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 26, 2021

The skin microbial community is a multifunctional ecosystem aiding prevention of infections from transient pathogens, maintenance host immune homeostasis, and health. A better understanding the complex milieu microbe-microbe host-microbe interactions will be required to define ecosystem’s optimal function enable rational design microbiome targeted interventions. Malassezia , fungal genus currently comprising 18 species numerous functionally distinct strains, are lipid-dependent basidiomycetous yeasts integral components microbiome. high proportion in makes their role healthy diseased crucial development functional health knowledge normal, homeostasis. Over last decade, new tools for culture, detection, genetic manipulation have revealed not only ubiquity on but pathogenic roles seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Application these continues peel back layers /skin interactions, including clear examples pathogenicity, commensalism, potential protective or beneficial activities creating mutualism. Our increased host- microbe-specific should lead identification key factors that maintain state mutualism or, turn, initiate changes. These approaches leading toward therapeutic targets treatment options. This review discusses recent developments expanded our ’s microbiome, with focus its multiple disease as commensal, pathogen, protector.

Language: Английский

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Neuroimmune communication regulating pruritus in atopic dermatitis

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 149(6), P. 1875 - 1898

Published: March 23, 2022

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic-relapsing inflammatory skin disease with significant burden. Genetic and environmental trigger factors contribute to AD, activating 2 of our largest organs, the nervous system immune system. Dysregulation neuroimmune circuits plays key role in pathophysiology causing inflammation, pruritus, pain, barrier dysfunction. Sensory nerves can be activated by or endogenous factors, transmitting itch stimuli brain. On stimulation, sensory nerve endings also release neuromediators into skin, contributing again dysfunction, itch. In addition, dysfunctional peripheral central neuronal structures neuroinflammation, sensitization, elongation, neuropathic itch, thus chronification therapy resistance. Consequently, may targets treat pruritus AD. Cytokines, chemokines, proteases, lipids, opioids, ions excite/sensitize endings, which not only induces but further aggravates/perpetuates disruption, as well. Thus, targeted therapies for well pathway inhibitors (eg, kinase inhibitors) beneficial control AD either systemic and/or topical form. Understanding signaling will optimize approach all pathological mechanisms pruritus.

Language: Английский

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Skin Barrier Function: The Interplay of Physical, Chemical, and Immunologic Properties

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(23), P. 2745 - 2745

Published: Nov. 30, 2023

An intact barrier function of the skin is important in maintaining health. The regulation depends on a multitude molecular and immunological signaling pathways. By examining healthy barrier, including maintenance acid mantle appropriate levels ceramides, dermatologists can better formulate solutions to address issues that are related disrupted barrier. Conversely, by understanding specific disruptions associated with conditions, such as atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, development new compounds could target pathways provide more effective relief for patients. We aim review key factors mediating inflammation, acidity, interleukins, nuclear factor kappa B, sirtuin 3. Furthermore, we will discuss current emerging treatment options conditions.

Language: Английский

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Tapinarof cream 1% once daily: Significant efficacy in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in adults and children down to 2 years of age in the pivotal phase 3 ADORING trials

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 91(3), P. 457 - 465

Published: May 20, 2024

BackgroundTapinarof cream 1% once daily (QD), a topical aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist, downregulates pro-inflammatory Th2 cytokines, upregulates skin-barrier components, and reduces oxidative stress.ObjectiveTo assess tapinarof efficacy safety in adults children down to 2 years of age with atopic dermatitis (AD).MethodsEight hundred thirteen patients were randomized or vehicle QD two 8-week phase 3 trials.ResultsThe primary endpoint, Validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis score 0 1 ≥2-grade improvement from baseline at Week 8, was met statistical significance both trials: 45.4% versus 13.9% 46.4% 18.0% (tapinarof vs vehicle; P < .0001). Significantly superior Eczema Area Severity Index 75 (EASI75) responses also observed 8: 55.8% 22.9% 59.1% 21.2% (both Rapid improvements patient-reported pruritus significant vehicle. Common adverse events (≥5%) folliculitis, headache, nasopharyngitis mostly mild moderate, lower discontinuations due the groups than vehicle.LimitationsLong-term not assessed.ConclusionTapinarof demonstrated highly favorable tolerability diverse population AD age.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in zinc oxide nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties, and diverse applications

Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39, P. 101271 - 101271

Published: July 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Five Functional Aspects of the Epidermal Barrier

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(21), P. 11676 - 11676

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

The epidermis is a living, multilayered barrier with five functional levels, including physical, chemical, microbial, neuronal, and an immune level. Altogether, this complex organ contributes to protect the host from external aggression preserve its integrity. In review, we focused on different aspects.

Language: Английский

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Cytokine-Mediated Crosstalk Between Keratinocytes and T Cells in Atopic Dermatitis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 7, 2022

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by barrier dysfunction, dysregulated immune response, and dysbiosis with increased Staphylococcus aureus colonization. Infiltration of various T helper cell subsets into lesional subsequent cytokine release are hallmark AD. Release cytokines both cells keratinocytes plays key role in inflammation drives many AD features. This review aims to discuss cytokine-mediated crosstalk between pathogenesis the potential impact virulence factors produced on these interactions.

Language: Английский

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Nanocarriers for the topical treatment of psoriasis - pathophysiology, conventional treatments, nanotechnology, regulatory and toxicology

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 176, P. 95 - 107

Published: May 21, 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory non-contagious disease normally characterized by multisystemic inflammation with reddish plaques and whitish scales greater incidence in the knees, feet hands, elbow, scalp, sacral areas. The global of psoriasis rounds about 2% population it established that pathophysiology this skin quite complex still misunderstood. Nowadays, pathology has no cure, however, efforts are being made to find more effective safe treatments as well trying decrease occurrence crises complications. Nanotechnology increasingly becoming an innovating promising new approach for study various dermatological diseases, such psoriasis. In case, interest use nanocarriers arises order side effects associated conventional therapy, improve its effectiveness. allows better solubility delivery drugs, increase their tolerance. Besides treatments, manuscript will also be present discusse nanotechnological strategies topical application intend effectiveness treatment, regulatory toxicological context. Regulatory issues nanotoxicological concerns long-term safeness, both user environment discussed.

Language: Английский

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The Role of TSLP in Atopic Dermatitis: From Pathogenetic Molecule to Therapeutical Target

Mediators of Inflammation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2023, P. 1 - 8

Published: April 15, 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a kind of chronic skin disease with inflammatory infiltration, characterized by barrier dysfunction, immune response dysregulation, and dysbiosis. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) acts as regulator response, positively associated AD deterioration. Mainly secreted keratinocytes, TSLP interacts multiple cells (including dendritic cells, T mast cells), following induction Th2-oriented during the pathogenesis AD. This article primarily focuses on biological function, relationship between different cell populations, treatments targeting TSLP.

Language: Английский

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