Advances in the human skin microbiota and its roles in cutaneous diseases

Microbial Cell Factories, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 29, 2022

Skin is the largest organ in human body, and interplay between environment factors skin leads to some diseases, such as acne, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis. As first line of immune defense, plays significant roles health via preventing invasion pathogens that heavily influenced by microbiota. Despite being a challenging niche for microbes, colonized diverse commensal microorganisms shape environment. The microbiota can affect health, its imbalance dysbiosis contribute diseases. This review focuses on advances our understanding interaction with skin. Moreover, potential diseases are described, key species highlighted. prevention, diagnosis treatment strategies microbe-related healthy diets, lifestyles, probiotics prebiotics, discussed. Strategies modulation using synthetic biology discussed an interesting venue optimization skin-microbiota interactions. In summary, this provides insights into recovery, interactions engineering/rebuilding

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the Links between Obesity and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(14), P. 7499 - 7499

Published: July 6, 2022

Obesity is a major public health issue worldwide since it associated with the development of chronic comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias, atherosclerosis, some cancer forms and skin diseases, including psoriasis. Scientific evidence has indicated that possible link between obesity psoriasis may be multifactorial, highlighting dietary habits, lifestyle, certain genetic factors microbiome leading in progress both pathologies because they are pro-inflammatory state. Thus, inflammation management plausible target for psoriasis, not only sick adipose tissue secretome profile but also due to relationship rest immune derangements initiation maintenance. Hence, this review will provide general molecular overview present recent therapeutic advances treating problem.

Language: Английский

---

Microbiome: Role in Inflammatory Skin Diseases

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 17, P. 1057 - 1082

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Abstract: As the body's largest organ, skin harbors a highly diverse microbiota, playing crucial role in resisting foreign pathogens, nurturing immune system, and metabolizing natural products. The dysregulation of human microbiota is implicated inflammatory responses. This review delineates microbial alterations features common Inflammatory Skin Diseases (ISDs) such as psoriasis, rosacea, atopic dermatitis(AD), seborrheic dermatitis(SD), diaper dermatitis(DD), Malassezia folliculitis (MF).The complex evolving community, undergoes changes composition function that can compromise barrier. These induce water loss abnormal lipid metabolism, contributing to onset ISDs. Additionally, microorganisms release toxins, like Staphylococcus aureus secreted α toxins proteases, which may dissolve stratum corneum, impairing barrier allowing entry into bloodstream. Microbes entering bloodstream activate molecular signals, leading disorders subsequent For instance, stimulates dendritic cells(DCs) IL-12 IL-23, differentiating Th17 cell population producing proinflammatory mediators IL-17, IL-22, TNF-α, IFN-α.This offers new insights ISDs, paving way for future microbiome-specific targeted therapies. Keywords: diseases, dermatitis, acne,

Language: Английский

---

Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: March 13, 2024

Abstract Background Previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) suggested that gut microbiota-based therapies may be effective in treating autoimmune diseases, but a systematic summary is lacking. Methods Pubmed, EMbase, Sinomed, and other databases were searched for RCTs related to the treatment of diseases with probiotics from inception June 2022. RevMan 5.4 software was used meta-analysis after 2 investigators independently screened literature, extracted data, assessed risk bias included studies. Results A total 80 14 types disease [celiac sprue, SLE, lupus nephritis (LN), RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), spondyloarthritis, psoriasis, fibromyalgia syndrome, MS, systemic sclerosis, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), oral lichen planus (OLP), Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis] included. The results showed improve symptoms and/or inflammatory factor celiac SLE LN, JIA, PSS, colitis. However, not spondyloarthritis RA. Gut relieve pain effect on impact questionnaire score significant. HbA1c T1DM, its insulin requirement does seem These did increase incidence adverse events. Conclusions several (celiac colitis).

Language: Английский

---

Pyrroloquinoline-Quinone Is More Than an Antioxidant: A Vitamin-like Accessory Factor Important in Health and Disease Prevention

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 1441 - 1441

Published: Sept. 30, 2021

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is associated with biological processes such as mitochondriogenesis, reproduction, growth, and aging. In addition, PQQ attenuates clinically relevant dysfunctions (e.g., those ischemia, inflammation lipotoxicity). novel among biofactors that are not currently accepted vitamins or conditional vitamins. For example, the absence of in diets produces a response like vitamin-related deficiency recovery upon repletion dose-dependent manner. Moreover, potential health benefits, improved metabolic flexibility immuno-and neuroprotection, supplementation. Here, we address PQQ’s role an enzymatic cofactor accessory factor highlight mechanisms underlying actions. We review both large scale targeted datasets demonstrating neonatal perinatal reduces mitochondria content mitochondrial-related gene expression. Data reviewed suggest modulation lactate acid perhaps other dehydrogenases enhance NAD+-dependent sirtuin activity, along targets, PGC-1α, NRF-1, NRF-2 TFAM; thus, mediating mitochondrial functions. Taken together, current observations vitamin-like has strong potent therapeutic nutraceutical.

Language: Английский

---

The Defect in Regulatory T Cells in Psoriasis and Therapeutic Approaches

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(17), P. 3880 - 3880

Published: Aug. 29, 2021

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by accelerated tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis. Patients with psoriasis manifest functional defects in CD4+CD25+ forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3)+ regulatory T cells (Tregs), which suppress the excess immune response and mediate homeostasis. Defects Tregs contribute to pathogenesis of may attribute enhanced inhibition and/or impaired stimulation Tregs. IL-23 induces conversion into type 17 helper (Th17) cells. IL-17A reduces transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 production, Foxp3 expression, suppresses Treg activity. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), butyrate, propionate, acetate are microbiota-derived fermentation products that promote development function inducing expression or dendritic intestinal epithelial produce retinoic TGF-β1, respectively. The gut microbiome patients revealed reduced SCFA-producing bacteria, Bacteroidetes, Faecallibacterium, defect Therapeutic agents currently used, viz., anti-IL-23p19 anti-IL-17A antibodies, retinoids, vitamin D3, dimethyl fumarate, narrow-band ultraviolet B, those under for psoriasis, signal transducer activator transcription inhibitors, histone deacetylase probiotics/prebiotics restore defected Thus, restoration promising therapeutic target psoriasis.

Language: Английский

---

Gut Dysbiosis and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(18), P. 10729 - 10729

Published: Sept. 14, 2022

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has recently been reported in a number of clinical states, including neurological, psychiatric, cardiovascular, metabolic and autoimmune disorders. Yet, it is not completely understood how colonizing microorganisms are implicated their pathophysiology molecular pathways. There suggested mechanisms gut triggers or sustains extraintestinal diseases; however, none these have widely accepted as part the disease pathogenesis. Recent studies proposed that its metabolites could play pivotal role modulation immune system responses development autoimmunity diseases such rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis type 1 diabetes. Fecal transplantation (FMT) valuable tool for uncovering pathological processes. This review aims to summarize current knowledge about potential FMT studying pathogeneses therapies diseases. Herein, we discuss pathologies with at least one published ongoing study human animal models.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the gut microbiota: lifestyle choices, disease associations, and personal genomics

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

The gut microbiota is a rich and dynamic ecosystem that actively interacts with the human body, playing significant role in state of health disease host. Diet, exercise, mental health, other factors have exhibited ability to influence bacterial composition, leading changes can prevent improve, or favor worsen, both intestinal extra-intestinal conditions. Altered microbial states, ‘dysbiosis’, associated conditions diseases are often characterized by shifts abundance diversity, including an impaired Firmicutes Bacteroidetes ratio. By understanding effect lifestyle on microbiota, personalized advice be generated suit each individual profile foster adoption ameliorate dysbiosis. delivery effective reliable advice, however, depends not only available research current topic, but also methods used assess individuals discover associations, which introduce bias at multiple stages. aim this review summarize how variability defined what choices shown association composition. Furthermore, popular investigate outlined, focus possible caused lack use standardized methods. Finally, overview based testing presented, underlining its power limitations.

Language: Английский

---

Current insights on the roles of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease-associated extra-intestinal manifestations: pathophysiology and therapeutic targets

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory of the gastrointestinal tract. In addition to digestive symptoms, patients with IBD may also develop extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs), etiology which remains undefined. The gut microbiota has been reported exert critical role in pathogenesis IBD, similar pattern dysbiosis observed between and those EIMs. Therefore, it hypothesized that involved potential mechanisms are presented this review, including: 1) impaired barrier: induces pore formation intestinal epithelium, activates recognition receptors promote local inflammation; 2) microbial translocation: pathogens, antigens, toxins translocate via barrier into sites; 3) molecular mimicry: certain antigens share epitopes self-antigens, inducing responses targeting tissues; 4) microbiota-related metabolites: results dysregulation metabolites, could modulate differentiation lymphocytes cytokine production; 5) immunocytes cytokines: over-activated pro-inflammatory cytokines excessively released. Additionally, we summarize therapies, including probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, fecal transplantation, better clinical management IBD-associated

Language: Английский

---

Methotrexate suppresses psoriatic skin inflammation by inhibiting muropeptide transporter SLC46A2 activity

Immunity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(5), P. 998 - 1012.e8

Published: April 27, 2023

Cytosolic innate immune sensing is critical for protecting barrier tissues. NOD1 and NOD2 are cytosolic sensors of small peptidoglycan fragments (muropeptides) derived from the bacterial cell wall. These muropeptides enter cells, especially epithelial through unclear mechanisms. We previously implicated SLC46 transporters in muropeptide transport Drosophila immunity. Here, we focused on Slc46a2, which was highly expressed mammalian epidermal keratinocytes, showed that it delivery diaminopimelic acid (DAP)-muropeptides activation whereas related transporter Slc46a3 delivering ligand MDP to keratinocytes. In a mouse model, Slc46a2 Nod1 deficiency strongly suppressed psoriatic inflammation, methotrexate, commonly used psoriasis therapeutic, inhibited Slc46a2-dependent DAP-muropeptides. Collectively, these studies define SLC46A2 as NOD1-activating muropeptides, with roles skin barrier, identify this an important target anti-inflammatory intervention.

Language: Английский

---