Targeting oxidative stress as a preventive and therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Aug. 2, 2023

Abstract Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a significant impact on global mortality rates, encompassing conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Oxidative stress (OS) plays crucial role in the pathogenesis advancement of CVDs, highlighting its significance as contributing factor. Maintaining an equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) antioxidant systems not only aids mitigating oxidative but also confers protective benefits cardiac health. Herbal monomers can inhibit OS CVDs by activating multiple signaling pathways, such increasing activity endogenous decreasing level ROS expression. Given actions herbal significantly protect normal function heart reduce damage caused organism. Hence, it is imperative recognize prospective therapeutic interventions for CVDs. This paper aims comprehensively review origins mechanisms underlying OS, elucidate intricate association explore potential treatment utilizing monomers. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be placed examining cardioprotective effects evaluating their pathways subsequent treatment. Graphical

Language: Английский

---

Free radicals and their impact on health and antioxidant defenses: a review

Cell Death Discovery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Free radicals, characterized by the presence of unpaired electrons, are highly reactive species that play a significant role in human health. These molecules can be generated through various endogenous processes, such as mitochondrial respiration and immune cell activation, well exogenous sources, including radiation, pollution, smoking. While free radicals essential for certain physiological signaling defense, their overproduction disrupt delicate balance between oxidants antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress results damage critical biomolecules like DNA, proteins, lipids, contributing pathogenesis diseases. Chronic conditions cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, inflammatory diseases have been strongly associated with harmful effects radicals. This review provides comprehensive overview characteristics types mechanisms formation, biological impacts. Additionally, we explore natural compounds extracts studied antioxidant properties, offering potential therapeutic avenues managing radical-induced damage. Future research directions also discussed advance our understanding treatment radical-associated

Language: Английский

---

Expatiating the Pharmacological and Nanotechnological Aspects of the Alkaloidal Drug Berberine: Current and Future Trends

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(12), P. 3705 - 3705

Published: June 9, 2022

Traditionally, herbal compounds have been the focus of scientific interest for last several centuries, and continuous research into their medicinal potential is underway. Berberine (BBR) an isoquinoline alkaloid extracted from plants that possess a broad array properties, including anti-diarrheal, anti-fibrotic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antihyperlipidemic, antihypertensive, antiarrhythmic, antidepressant, anxiolytic effects, frequently utilized as traditional Chinese medicine. BBR promotes metabolisms glucose lipids by activating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, stimulating glycolysis inhibiting functions mitochondria; all these ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus. has also shown to benefits in congestive heart failure, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer’s polycystic ovary syndrome. investigated interesting pharmacophore with contribute significantly development novel therapeutic medicines variety disorders. Despite its enormous promise, clinical application this was severely limited because unpleasant pharmacokinetic characteristics. Poor bioavailability, absorption, poor water solubility are some obstacles restricted use. Nanotechnology suggested possible solution problems. The present review aims at recent updates on important activities different types nanocarriers used delivery diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Nitrotyrosine, Nitrated Lipoproteins, and Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: What Do We Know and What Remains to Be Explained?

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 856 - 856

Published: April 27, 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are most important cause morbidity and mortality in population patients living with DM. DM associated lipid metabolism disorders characterized by decrease high-density lipoprotein blood concentration, an increase triglyceride presence modified lipoproteins not routinely measured clinical practice. Nitrated produced nitration tyrosyl residues apolipoproteins myeloperoxidase. There some evidence from research conducted showing that nitrated may play role dysfunction, but this issue requires further investigation. It was found HDL particles caspase-3 paraoxonase-1 activity, as well activity cholesterol transport via ABCA1, reduces protective effect on system. Less information has been collected about LDL particles. Thus far, much more obtained relationship nitrotyrosine expression factors dysfunction. The purpose paper to provide extensive review literature present current state knowledge association between dysfunction system, especially Moreover, directions future area were discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Oxidative Stress, Atherogenic Dyslipidemia, and Cardiovascular Risk

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2897 - 2897

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Oxidative stress is the consequence of an overproduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) that exceeds antioxidant defense mechanisms. Increased levels ROS contribute to development cardiovascular disorders through oxidative damage macromolecules, particularly by oxidation plasma lipoproteins. One most prominent features atherogenic dyslipidemia accumulation small dense LDL (sdLDL) particles, characterized increased susceptibility oxidation. Indeed, a considerable and diverse body evidence from animal models epidemiological studies was generated supporting modification sdLDL particles as earliest event in atherogenesis. Lipid peroxidation results formation various bioactive atherosclerotic process different pathophysiological mechanisms, including foam cell formation, direct detrimental effects, receptor-mediated activation pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. In this paper, we will discuss recent data on role their interplay atherosclerosis. addition, special focus be placed clinical applicability novel, promising biomarkers these processes.

Language: Английский

---

Understanding the intricacies of cellular senescence in atherosclerosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96, P. 102273 - 102273

Published: March 14, 2024

Language: Английский

---

N-benzyl-N-methyldecane-1-amine derived from garlic ameliorates UVB-induced photoaging in HaCaT cells and SKH-1 hairless mice

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Skin tissue is susceptible to oxidative stress-induced senescence provoked by ultraviolet (UV) exposure in our daily lives, resulting photoaging. Herein, we explore whether N-benzyl-N-methyldecan-1-amine (BMDA) derived from garlic ameliorates UVB-induced To address this issue, HaCaT keratinocytes were exposed UVB irradiation under BMDA treatment. The presence of substantially reduced ROS levels a dose-dependent manner. administration counteracted the β-galactosidase assay. Treatment with also rescued UVB-exposed cells (S phase; 18.3 25.8%) cell cycle arrest, similar level observed untreated normal cells. These findings might support observation that elevated γ-H2AX, DNA damage marker, following administration. Additionally, treatment indirectly melanin synthesis melanocytes since failed inhibit tyrosinase activity, crucial enzyme synthesis. topical application on skin SKH-1 hairless mice diminished wrinkle formation, supported recovered collagen and thickness epidermis dermis, compared those UVB-control mice. Finally, expression inflammatory cytokine transcripts such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6 tissues. This finding further Immunofluorescence microscopy, which showed decrease IL-1β during Altogether, mitigates photoaging reducing production, protecting against damage, suppressing it has been proposed an effective anti-photoaging molecule.

Language: Английский

---

Hydrogen Sulfide and Oxygen Homeostasis in Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review from Molecular Biology to Therapeutic Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(9), P. 8376 - 8376

Published: May 6, 2023

Atherosclerosis is a complex pathological condition marked by the accumulation of lipids in arterial wall, leading to development plaques that can eventually rupture and cause thrombotic events. In recent years, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as key mediator cardiovascular homeostasis, with potential therapeutic applications atherosclerosis. This systematic review highlights importance understanding interplay between H2S, oxygen atherosclerosis suggests targeting H2S signaling pathways may offer new avenues for treating preventing this condition. Oxygen homeostasis critical aspect health, disruption balance contribute progression Recent studies have demonstrated plays an important role maintaining regulating function oxygen-sensing enzymes transcription factors vascular cells. been shown modulate endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, which tone delivery tissues. The comprehensive analysis current pave way future research strategies debilitating PROSPERO ID: 417150.

Language: Английский

---

N-Acetylcysteine and Atherosclerosis: Promises and Challenges

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2073 - 2073

Published: Dec. 4, 2023

Atherosclerosis remains a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. Although the mechanism for atherosclerosis is complex and has not been fully understood, inflammation oxidative stress play critical role in development progression atherosclerosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) used as mucolytic agent an antidote acetaminophen overdose with well-established safety profile. NAC antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects through multiple mechanisms, including increase intracellular glutathione level attenuation nuclear factor kappa-B mediated production inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor-alpha interleukins. Numerous animal studies have demonstrated that significantly decreases However, data on outcomes clinical patients limited inconsistent. The purpose this review to summarize effect from both pre-clinical discuss potential mechanisms action atherosclerosis, well challenges field.

Language: Английский

---

New Perspectives on the Role and Therapeutic Potential of Melatonin in Cardiovascular Diseases

American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 171 - 195

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---