Signaling pathways and targeted therapies for psoriasis

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

Abstract Psoriasis is a common, chronic, and inflammatory skin disease with high burden on individuals, health systems, society worldwide. With the immunological pathologies pathogenesis of psoriasis becoming gradually revealed, therapeutic approaches for this have gained revolutionary progress. Nevertheless, mechanisms less common forms remain elusive. Furthermore, severe adverse effects recurrence upon treatment cessation should be noted addressed during treatment, which, however, has been rarely explored integration preliminary findings. Therefore, it crucial to comprehensive understanding behind pathogenesis, which might offer new insights research lead more substantive progress in expand clinical options treatment. In review, we looked briefly introduce epidemiology, subtypes, pathophysiology, comorbidities systematically discuss signaling pathways involving extracellular cytokines intracellular transmission, as well cross-talk between them. discussion, also paid attention potential metabolic epigenetic molecular mechanistic cascades related its comorbidities. This review outlined current psoriasis, especially targeted therapies novel strategies, mechanism recurrence.

Language: Английский

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Inflammation and Psoriasis: A Comprehensive Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(22), P. 16095 - 16095

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a strong genetic component that brings many challenges to sick individuals, such as chronic illness, and which has multiple associated comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel psychological disorders. Understanding the interplay between innate adaptative immune system led discovery of specific cytokine circuits (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-23, IL-17), allowed scientists discover new biomarkers can be used predictors treatment response pave way for personalized treatments. In this review, we describe footprint psoriasis leaves on skin beyond, key pathophysiological mechanisms, current available therapeutic options, drawbacks faced by existing therapies, anticipate potential future perspectives may improve quality life affected individuals.

Language: Английский

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Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: Common and different pathogenic and clinical features

Autoimmunity Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 103410 - 103410

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

The term "immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs)" refers to several pathologies of multifactorial etiology and involving either simultaneously or sequentially more organs. IMIDs share some common pathogenic mechanisms, which account for similarities in the clinical course impact that these may have on other organs systems body. However, there are differences IMID-associated pathological process, including synthesis function multiple cytokines, supposed perpetuate tissue-damaging inflammation. This justifies different indications responsiveness corticosteroids, immunosuppressors, small molecules, biologics. Many individuals with are, however, intolerant, unresponsive current drugs, thus suggesting necessity novel therapeutic approaches, such as combination compounds inhibit immuno-inflammatory networks selectively suppress signals activate counter-regulatory pathways. In this article, we highlight most relevant features discuss how clinicians can combat detrimental immune response disorders.

Language: Английский

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Sphingosine 1-Phosphate as Essential Signaling Molecule in Inflammatory Skin Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 1456 - 1456

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Sphingolipids are crucial molecules of the mammalian epidermis. The formation skin-specific ceramides contributes to lipid lamellae, which important for protection epidermis from excessive water loss and protect skin invasion pathogens penetration xenobiotics. In addition being structural constituents epidermal layer, sphingolipids also key signaling that participate in regulation cells immune skin. While importance with regard proliferation differentiation has been known a long time, it emerged recent years sphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is involved processes such as keratinocytes. addition, immunomodulatory role this species becoming increasingly apparent. This significant S1P mediates variety its actions via G-protein coupled receptors. It is, therefore, not surprising dysregulation pathways pathophysiological conditions diseases. present review, cells, well skin, elaborated. particular, molecule inflammatory diseases will be discussed. because interfering may represent an innovative option treatment

Language: Английский

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Recent Approaches for the Topical Treatment of Psoriasis Using Nanoparticles

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 449 - 449

Published: March 25, 2024

Psoriasis (PSO) is a chronic autoimmune skin condition characterized by the rapid and excessive growth of cells, which leads to formation thick, red, scaly patches on surface skin. These can be itchy painful, they may cause discomfort for patients affected this condition. Therapies psoriasis aim alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, slow down cell growth. Conventional topical treatment options are non-specific, have low efficacy associated with adverse effects, why researchers investigating different delivery mechanisms. A novel approach drug using nanoparticles (NPs) shows promise in reducing toxicity improving therapeutic efficacy. The unique properties NPs, such as their small size large area, make them attractive targeted delivery, enhanced stability, controlled release. In context PSO, NPs designed deliver active ingredients anti-inflammatory effect, immunosuppressants, or other compounds directly areas. formulations offer improved access epidermis facilitate better absorption, thus enhancing conventional anti-psoriatic drugs. increase surface-to-volume ratio, resulting penetration through skin, including intracellular, intercellular, trans-appendage routes. present review aims discuss latest approaches therapy PSO NPs. It intended summarize results vitro vivo examinations carried out last few years regarding effectiveness safety nanoparticles.

Language: Английский

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Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis: Integration of Proposed Theories

Immunological Investigations, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 53(3), P. 348 - 415

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by squamous and erythematous plaques on the skin involvement of immune system. Global prevalence for psoriasis has been reported around 1–3% with higher incidence in adults similar proportions between men women. The risk factors associated are both extrinsic intrinsic, out which polygenic predisposition highlight latter. etiology not yet fully described, but several hypothesis have proposed: 1) autoimmunity based over-expression antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37, proteins ADAMTSL5, K17, hsp27, or lipids synthesized PLA2G4D enzyme, all may serve autoantigens to promote differentiation autoreactive lymphocytes T unleash response; 2) dysbiosis microbiota gained relevance due observations loss diversity participation pathogenic bacteria Streptococcus spp. Staphylococcus fungi Malassezia Candida virus HPV, HCV, HIV psoriatic plaques; 3) oxidative stress hypothesis, most recent one, describes that cell injury release proinflammatory mediators leads activate Th1/Th17 axis observed caused reactive oxygen species imbalance oxidant antioxidant mechanisms. This review aims describe mechanisms involved three hypotheses etiopathogeneses psoriasis.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and skin pathologies: Mechanism of the gut-skin axis in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 141, P. 112658 - 112658

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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The Role of Epigenetic Factors in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3831 - 3831

Published: March 29, 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, the prevalence of which increasing. Genetic, genomic, and epigenetic changes play significant role in pathogenesis psoriasis. This review summarizes impact epigenetics on development psoriasis highlights challenges for future. The provides basis search genetic markers associated with major histocompatibility complex. Genome-wide association studies have made it possible to link genes therefore epigenetics. acquired knowledge may future serve as solid foundation developing newer, increasingly effective methods treating In this narrative review, we discuss factors

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors for Psoriasis Flares: A Narrative Review

Psoriasis Targets and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 14, P. 39 - 50

Published: May 1, 2024

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease with multifactorial pathogenesis involving both genetic and environmental factors as well the innate acquired immune response. Several triggering may exacerbate or worsen disease. In this context, we performed review manuscript aim of investigating current literature on psoriasis risk factors, also showing possible mechanisms by which they act psoriasis. Globally, can be divided in classic (eg, mechanical stress, infections dysbiosis skin, common drugs, environment pollution, lifestyle, psychological hormonal metabolic alterations) have long been known to responsible for worsening and/or reoccurrence psoriatic manifestations, emerging biological immunotherapy oncologic disease, Covid-19, vaccines) defined those newly identified factors. Accurate patient information monitoring planned follow-ups help prevent treat consequently improve quality life patients.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms and inhibitors of ferroptosis in psoriasis

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 15, 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that features localized or widespread erythema, papules, and scaling. It common worldwide may be distributed throughout the whole body. The pathogenesis of psoriasis quite complex result interplay genetic, environmental immune factors. Ferroptosis an iron-dependent programmed death different from cell senescence, apoptosis, pyroptosis other forms death. involves three core metabolites, iron, lipids, reactive oxygen species (ROS), it primarily driven by lipid peroxidation. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) effective inhibitor peroxidation inhibited changes related to ferroptosis in erastin-treated keratinocytes blocked responses. Therefore, has certain effect on treatment psoriatic lesions. Although closely associated with variety human diseases, such as no review focused psoriasis. This mini psoriasis, mechanisms ferroptosis, connection between inhibitors treatment. We discussed recent research advances perspectives relationship

Language: Английский

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