Immunotherapy in glioblastoma treatment: Current state and future prospects

World Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 138 - 159

Published: April 20, 2023

Glioblastoma remains as the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor, standing with a poor prognosis treatment prospective. Despite standard care, such surgical resection chemoradiation, median survival rates are low. In this regard, immunotherapeutic strategies aim to become more attractive for glioblastoma, considering its recent advances approaches. review, we provide an overview of current status progress in immunotherapy going through fundamental knowledge on immune targeting promising strategies, Chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell therapy, checkpoint inhibitors, cytokine-based treatment, oncolytic virus vaccine-based techniques. At last, it is discussed innovative methods overcome diverse challenges, future perspectives area.

Language: Английский

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Combination immunotherapy of glioblastoma with dendritic cell cancer vaccines, anti-PD-1 and poly I:C

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 616 - 624

Published: April 21, 2023

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal cancer with limited therapeutic options. Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines provide promising approach for GBM treatment. Clinical studies suggest that other immunotherapeutic agents may be combined DC to further enhance antitumor activity. Here, we report case combination immunotherapy consisting of vaccines, anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) and poly I:C as well the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide was integrated standard chemoradiation therapy, patient remained disease-free 69 months. The received loaded multiple forms tumor antigens, including mRNA-tumor associated antigens (TAA), mRNA-neoantigens, hypochlorous acid (HOCl)-oxidized lysates. Furthermore, mRNA-TAAs were modified novel TriVac technology fuses TAAs destabilization domain inserts into full-length lysosomal membrane protein-1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I II antigen presentation. treatment consisted 42 vaccine infusions, 26 anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab administrations 126 injections infusions. also 28 doses depletion regulatory T cells. No immunotherapy-related adverse events observed during Robust CD4+ CD8+ T-cell responses detected. remains free disease progression. This first on above three treat glioblastoma patients. Our results safe feasible long-term in this patient. A large-scale trial validate these findings warranted.

Language: Английский

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Nanotechnology Meets Stem Cell Therapy for Treating Glioblastomas: A Review

ACS Applied Nano Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 2430 - 2460

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Malignant glioblastoma, also known as Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is one of the most aggressive subtypes, characterized by wide vascularization and complex invasion. The currently available standard care for GBM includes maximal surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. These therapeutic procedures are facilitating treatment means prolonging lifetime. However, these processes cannot prevent tumor recurrence in future thereby compromise patient This disease accredited to presence glioma stem cells (GSCs) that resistant toward chemo radiation therapies. GSCs mainly associated with vascular niches control GSC self-renewal survival. Therefore, targeting using various nanoparticle-assisted therapeutics may improve efficacy drugs used alone or combination result progress Nanoparticles have been designed an aim selectively deliver cargo target therefore considerable interest use cancer cell (CSC) directed anticancer structure properties nanomaterials influencing propagation differentiation extensively studied become a cutting-edge research domain material science regenerative medicines. due microenvironment heterogeneity interpatient variability, nanoparticles yielded few clinical outcomes. Despite formidable challenges, nanotechnology presents opportunities can significantly enhance our grasp fate enable development groundbreaking In doing so, nanoparticle-based therapy has risen promising armamentarium make substantial contributions effective glioblastoma.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes in Glioma: Unraveling Their Roles in Progression, Diagnosis, and Therapy

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 823 - 823

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

Gliomas, the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors, present a challenging prognosis even after undergoing surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Exosomes, nano-sized extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, play pivotal role in glioma progression contribute to resistance against chemotherapy radiotherapy facilitating transportation of biological molecules promoting intercellular communication within tumor microenvironment. Moreover, exosomes exhibit remarkable ability traverse blood–brain barrier, positioning them as potent carriers for therapeutic delivery. These attributes hold promise enhancing diagnosis, prognosis, treatment. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements exosome research realm tumors. In this article, we primarily focus on elucidating development, highlighting latest breakthroughs diagnostic approaches, outlining prospective directions future research.

Language: Английский

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Letter to the Editor Regarding “Caregivers' Perspective and Burden of the End-of-Life Phase of Patients with Glioblastoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study”

World Neurosurgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 123619 - 123619

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Viruses in glioblastoma: an update on evidence and clinical trials

BJC Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: April 19, 2024

Glioblastoma (GB) is a lethal and aggressive brain tumour. While molecular characteristics of GB studied extensively, the aetiology remains uncertain. The interest in exploring viruses as potential contributor to development stems from notion that are known play key role pathogenesis other human cancers such cervical cancer. Nevertheless, controversial.

Language: Английский

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Tumor-associated microenvironment, PD-L1 expression and their relationship with immunotherapy in glioblastoma, IDH-wild type: A comprehensive review with emphasis on the implications for neuropathologists

Pathology - Research and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 155144 - 155144

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Although novel knowledge has been acquired on the molecular landscape of glioblastoma (GBM), a relatively few steps forward have made regarding its therapy. With increasing use immunotherapeutic drugs capable stimulating antitumor inflammatory response, in last decades numerous studies aimed to characterize tumor-associated microenvironment (TME) and relationship with immunogenicity GBM. In this regard, although microglia macrophages (TAMs) PD-L1/PD-1 axis emerged as one most relevant components GBM TME potential pathways targetable immunotherapy, respectively. It supposed that TAMs may acquire different phenotypes, switching from M1 M2 tumor-suppressive tumor-stimulating role depending surrounding conditions. PD-L1 is type 1 transmembrane protein ligand expressed by T-cells, B-cells antigen-presenting cells, main inhibitory checkpoint tumor immune regulation. While immunohistochemical expression extensively investigated many cancers, usefulness evaluation response rates immunotherapy standardized immunohistochemistry are still debated. The present review paper focuses current "state art" about between TME, pathway GBM, also providing neuropathologists an updated guide clinical trials conducted PD-1 inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Molecular mechanisms of tumour development in glioblastoma: an emerging role for the circadian clock

npj Precision Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Abstract Glioblastoma is one of the most lethal cancers with current therapeutic options lacking major successes. This underlines necessity to understand glioblastoma biology on other levels and use these learnings for development new concepts. Mounting evidence in field circadian medicine points a tight interplay between disturbances system progression. The clock, an internal biological mechanism governing numerous physiological processes across 24-h cycle, also plays pivotal role regulationg key cellular functions, including DNA repair, cell cycle progression, apoptosis. These are integral tumour response therapy. Disruptions rhythms can influence growth, invasion, treatment patients. In this review, we explore robust association cancer hallmarks within context glioblastoma. We further discuss impact clock eight shown previously link molecular different cancers, summarize putative proteins rhythm chronotherapy By unravelling mechanisms behind intricate connections researchers pave way identification potential targets, innovative strategies personalized approaches. conclusion, review underscores significant advancement understanding future therapies glioblastoma, ultimately leading enhanced outcomes

Language: Английский

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Role of polyphenols in the management of diabetic complications

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 122, P. 155155 - 155155

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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What predicts survival in glioblastoma? A population-based study of changes in clinical management and outcome

Frontiers in Surgery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Despite multimodal treatment, median survival time 15-16 months 5-year rate 5%-10%. The goal of this study was to identify prognostic factors for an unselected population patients operated glioblastoma. secondary explore changes outcome clinical management patient group over time.We identified 222 consecutive adults glioblastoma between November 2012 June 2016 at Department Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg, serving a health care region western part Sweden with 1.900.000 inhabitants. Clinical variables were tested as predictors prognosis extended Poisson regression models. results compared previously published cohort from 2004 2008, before current standard based on molecular diagnosis fully implemented.Median overall 1.07 years, which significantly longer than 2004-2008 (1.07 vs. 0.73 y, age- sex adjusted HR = 1.89, p < 0.0001). Variables associated multivariable model MGMT promoter hypermethylation, non-central location, complete resection enhancing tumor, WHO performance status 0-1, unilateral fewer lobes involved, younger age no comorbidities.The treated according treatment has moderately but increased, hypermethylation strongest predictor survival.

Language: Английский

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