Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Aging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue cell functions significant increases the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative cardiovascular metabolic musculoskeletal immune system diseases. Although development modern medicine has promoted human health greatly extended life expectancy, aging society, variety chronic diseases have gradually become most important causes disability death elderly individuals. Current research on focuses elucidating how endogenous exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss proteostasis, compromise autophagy, mitochondrial cellular senescence, stem exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate regulation aging. Furthermore, thorough pathogenesis to identify interventions that promote longevity caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, nutritional intervention) clinical treatment methods for (depletion senescent cells, therapy, antioxidative anti-inflammatory treatments, hormone replacement therapy) could decrease incidence turn healthy longevity.

Language: Английский

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Role of Oxidative Stress in Sensorineural Hearing Loss

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4146 - 4146

Published: April 9, 2024

Hearing is essential for communication, and its loss can cause a serious disruption to one’s social life. also recognized as major risk factor dementia; therefore, addressing hearing pressing global issue. Sensorineural loss, the predominant type of mainly due damage inner ear along with variety pathologies including ischemia, noise, trauma, aging, ototoxic drugs. In addition genetic factors, oxidative stress has been identified common mechanism underlying several cochlear pathologies. The cochlea, which plays role in auditory function, requires high-energy metabolism is, highly susceptible stress, particularly mitochondria. Based on these pathological findings, potential antioxidants treatment demonstrated animal studies. However, results from human studies are insufficient, future clinical trials required. This review discusses relationship between sensorineural reactive species (ROS), particular emphasis age-related noise-induced ischemia–reperfusion injury. mechanisms, current status perspectives ROS-targeted therapy described.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Characteristics of Cisplatin-Induced Ototoxicity and Therapeutic Interventions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(22), P. 16545 - 16545

Published: Nov. 20, 2023

Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent with proven efficacy in treating various malignancies, including testicular, ovarian, cervical, breast, bladder, head and neck, lung cancer. also to treat tumors children, such as neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma, hepatoblastoma. However, its clinical use limited by severe side effects, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, retinal toxicity. Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity manifests irreversible, bilateral, high-frequency sensorineural hearing loss 40–60% of adults up 60% children. Hearing can lead social isolation, depression, cognitive decline adults, speech language developmental delays causes hair cell death forming DNA adducts, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, culminating programmed apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, or ferroptosis. Contemporary medical interventions for cisplatin are prosthetic devices, aids, but these have significant limitations because the cochlea remains damaged. Recently, U.S. Food Drug Administration (FDA) approved first therapy, sodium thiosulfate, prevent cisplatin-induced pediatric patients localized, non-metastatic solid tumors. Other pharmacological treatments stages preclinical development. This narrative review aims highlight molecular mechanisms involved focusing on cochlear shed light potential antioxidant anti-inflammatory therapeutic mitigate ototoxic effects cisplatin. We conducted comprehensive literature search (Google Scholar, PubMed) publications last five years.

Language: Английский

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Progress on mechanisms of age-related hearing loss

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Age-related hearing loss, or presbycusis, is a common cause of loss in elderly people worldwide. It typically presents as progressive, irreversible, and usually affects the high frequencies hearing, with tremendous impact on quality life. Presbycusis complex multidimensional disorder, addition to aging, multiple factors including exposure noise, ototoxic agents, genetic susceptibility, metabolic diseases lifestyle can influence onset severity presbycusis. With aging body, its ability clean up deleterious substances produced process weakened, self-protection repair function body reduced, which turn leads irreversible damage cochlear tissue, resulting occurrence Presently, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial DNA damage, low-grade inflammation, decreased immune stem cell depletion have been demonstrated play critical role developing The purpose this review illuminate various mechanisms underlying age-related goal advancing our understanding, prevention, treatment

Language: Английский

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Insights and Interventions in Age-Associated Inflammation

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 102306 - 102306

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Pushing the frontiers in the fight against antimicrobial resistance: the potential of fecal and maggot therapies

Future Science OA, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(10)

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) warrants innovative therapeutic strategies. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and maggot debridement therapy (MDT) represent paradigm-shifting approaches, leveraging biological systems to mitigate AMR. FMT restores a healthy gut microbiome, providing biotherapeutic counter pathogenic bacteria, thereby reducing reliance on traditional antibiotics. Conversely, MDT, form bio-debridement, utilizes the secretions maggots cleanse wounds eliminate resistant bacteria. Despite promise these therapies hold, their broader clinical adoption faces multifaceted challenges including need for rigorous scientific substantiation, standardized protocols, deepened understanding mechanisms action, surmounting regulatory public acceptance barriers. However, potential integration with precision medicine could revolutionize disease management, particularly antibiotic-resistant infections.

Language: Английский

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Alteration in Gut Microbiota Composition of Older Adults Is Associated with Obesity and Its Indices: A Systematic Review

The journal of nutrition health & aging, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(10), P. 817 - 823

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Obesity in the older adults is a health concern that increases risk of several life-threatening diseases. Previous research has been revealed alterations gut microbiota composition related to obesity. So, understanding changes adults' obesity may help provide promising strategies for their management. Here we conducted systematic review investigate alteration association with and its indices adults. Systematic review. A comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, Web Science, Scopus Embase databases all relative studies up 2023 main concepts as Microbiota, Elderly. The data about had extracted. Older (≥60 years). None. Within 10741 recordes, 11 met inclusion criteria were included this Most them indicated obese compared non-obese However, microbiome affected by other underlying diseases like diabetes metabolic syndrome. most important taxa abundance Christensenellaceae, Porphyromonadaceae Rikenellaceae, Akkermansia, Blautia, Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Bacteroides Faecalibacterium. associated Considering factors affecting microbiota, such age, lifestyle, more accurate conclusion matter requires future studies.

Language: Английский

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Anti-inflammatory response to 1,8-Cineol and associated microbial communities in Otitis media patients

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 16, 2024

Chronic Otitis Media (COM) is defined as long term inflammation and colonization with pathogenic bacteria due to a defect or retraction of the tympanic membrane. Surgical interventions are often augmented by antibiotic resistance development therefore, off-label treatment using natural drug 1,8-Cineol was carried out. All COM patients underwent therapy middle ear surgery developed resistances. Microbiological investigations from auditory canal stool samples were performed in correlation clinical course. Therapy revealed clear reduction inflammatory microbes P. aeruginosa Proteus mirabilis well intestinal Prevotella copri, which associated an improved outcome certain individuals. The present study manifold anti-inflammatory effects monoterpene media patients. A better understanding underlying mechanisms will improve current options possible forms application this drug.

Language: Английский

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Blood Neurofilament Light Chain and Phospho-Tau 181 in Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Age-Related Hearing Loss

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 672 - 672

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Background: Mild cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as a precursor to more severe neurodegenerative conditions, particularly in the context of aging. Recent studies have highlighted intersection hearing loss and decline, suggesting that auditory deficits may exacerbate impairments older adults, proposing use aids mitigate indicating early intervention could be crucial for preserving function. The underlying mechanisms relationship between involve neuroinflammatory processes neurodegeneration. evidenced role tau proteins neurofilaments biomarkers onset progression diseases. Methods: We selected 30 subjects with age-related loss, we evaluated their status through administration screening tests, which also measured neurofilament light chain phospho-tau 181 serum levels were re-evaluated six months after aid fitting. Results: Patients presented slightly altered results on typical mild impairment. At same time, significantly increased compared matched control group. After fitting, auditory, cognitive, values improved. Conclusions: study highlight involvement patients identify neurodegeneration useful monitoring pathology.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Effects of GDF6-Overexpressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Upregulation of the GDF15/SIRT1 Axis in Age-Related Hearing Loss

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Background: It has been reported the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on hearing loss. This study explored growth differentiation factor 6 (GDF6) overexpression-induced MSCs (MSCs-GDF6) age-related loss (ARHL) and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR western blotting were used to evaluate gene expression. Flow cytometry immunofluorescence assays performed for detection apoptosis autophagy, respectively. Hearing function outer hair (HCs) in ARHL rats measured using auditory brainstem response cochlear silver nitrate staining, MSC proliferation was evaluated with Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Results: Growth 15 (GDF15) sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression significantly decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced House Ear Institute-Organ Corti (HEI-OC1) cochlea rats. Elevated blocked autophagic flux uncovered H2O2-induced HEI-OC1 GDF15 overexpression inhibited restored vitro vivo. Meanwhile, positively regulated SIRT1 protein MSCs-GDF6 not only upregulated but also suppressed reduce HCs Conclusions: prevented relieve by inhibiting restoring flux, likely association upregulation GDF15/SIRT1 axis.

Language: Английский

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