Chronicle of Diabetes Research and Practice,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
3(2), P. 64 - 71
Published: July 1, 2024
Abstract
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
is
often
referred
to
as
Type
3
diabetes
mellitus
(T3
DM).
It
has
now
become
evident
that
T3
DM
contributes
significantly
the
pathogenesis
of
AD.
The
a
distinct
identity
being
very
much
selective
for
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB)
and
separated
from
peripheral
diabetes.
Alpha-linolenic
acid
(18:3,
ALA)
considered
an
essential
fatty
responsible
formation
long-chain
eicosapentaenoic
(20:5)
docosahexaenoic
(22:6,
DHA).
DHA
important
structural
human
brain.
recent
literature
comes
conclusion
ALA
ideal
source
DHA.
can
cause,
insulin
resistance
in
brain
impairment
glucose
utilization.
This
serious
implications
on
BBB
integrity.
been
shown
efficiently
provide
energy
endothelial
cells
by
β-oxidation
facilitate
entry
also
some
formed
enters
gets
converted
role
other
players
such
Apolipoprotein
E
protein,
Tau
Beta-amyloid,
glycogen
synthase
kinase
are
briefly
mentioned.
new
findings,
primary
event
damage
AD,
may
help
development
more
effective
drugs
treatment
modalities.
Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 14, P. 47 - 74
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract:
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
disorder
characterized
by
cognitive
decline,
memory
loss,
and
impaired
daily
functioning.
While
there
currently
no
cure
for
AD,
several
pharmacotherapeutic
targets
management
strategies
have
been
explored.
Additionally,
traditional
medicinal
plants
gained
attention
their
potential
role
in
AD
management.
Pharmacotherapeutic
include
amyloid-beta
(Aβ)
aggregation,
tau
protein
hyperphosphorylation,
neuroinflammation,
oxidative
stress,
cholinergic
dysfunction.
Traditional
plants,
such
as
Ginkgo
biloba,
Huperzia
serrata,
Curcuma
longa
(turmeric),
Panax
ginseng,
demonstrated
the
ability
to
modulate
these
through
bioactive
compounds.
biloba
,
instance,
contains
flavonoids
terpenoids
that
exhibit
neuroprotective
effects
reducing
Aβ
deposition
enhancing
cerebral
blood
flow.
serrata
natural
source
of
huperzine
A,
has
acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting
properties,
thus
improving
function.
enriched
with
curcumin,
exhibits
anti-inflammatory
antioxidant
effects,
potentially
mitigating
neuroinflammation
stress.
ginseng's
ginsenosides
shown
anti-amyloidogenic
properties.
The
investigation
complementary
approach
offers
advantages,
including
lower
risk
adverse
multi-target
interactions.
Furthermore,
cultural
knowledge
utilization
provide
rich
information
development
new
therapies.
However,
further
research
necessary
elucidate
precise
mechanisms
action,
standardize
preparations,
assess
safety
efficacy
remedies.
Integrating
medicinal-plant-based
therapies
modern
pharmacotherapies
may
hold
key
more
comprehensive
effective
treatment.
This
review
aims
explore
its
Keywords:
disease,
acetylcholinesterase,
amyloid
beta,
protein,
medicine,
Ayurvedic
herbs,
acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors,
disorders,
cognition
World Journal of Diabetes,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 92 - 109
Published: Feb. 14, 2023
Several
epidemiological
studies
have
clearly
identified
diabetes
mellitus
(DM)
as
a
major
risk
factor
for
cognitive
dysfunction,
and
it
is
going
to
be
public
health
issue
in
the
coming
years
because
of
alarming
rise
prevalence
across
world.
Brain
neural
tissues
predominantly
depend
on
glucose
energy
substrate
hence,
any
alterations
carbohydrate
meta-bolism
can
directly
impact
cerebral
functional
output
including
cognition,
executive
capacity,
memory.
DM
affects
neuronal
function
mental
capacity
several
ways,
some
which
include
hypoperfusion
brain
from
cerebrovascular
disease,
diabetes-related
transporters
causing
abnormalities
uptake
metabolism,
local
hyper-
hypometabolism
areas
insulin
resistance,
recurrent
hypoglycemic
episodes
inherent
pharmacotherapy
resulting
damage.
Cognitive
decline
further
worsen
care
disease
largely
self-managed
by
patients.
Therefore,
crucial
understand
pathobiology
dysfunction
relation
its
management
optimal
long-term
plan
A
thorough
appraisal
normal
metabolic
characteristics
brain,
how
metabolism
diagnostic
algorithm
patients
with
dementia,
prognosis
when
they
this
dangerous
combination
illnesses
imperative
context.
This
evidence-based
narrative
back-up
latest
clinical
trial
reviews
elaborates
current
understanding
empower
physicians
manage
their
day-to-day
practice.
Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 14, 2025
Abstract
Aims
Obesity
is
a
global
public
health
challenge,
and
the
traditional
WHO‐proposed
diagnostic
criteria
based
on
body
mass
index
(BMI)
often
fail
to
fully
assess
related
risks.
The
European
Association
for
Study
of
(EASO)
has
proposed
new
that
combine
BMI,
waist‐to‐height
ratio
(WtHR)
complications
more
accurately
evaluate
obesity‐related
Materials
Methods
This
study
utilized
data
from
National
Health
Nutrition
Examination
Survey
database,
covering
years
1999–2018.
validated
EASO
diagnosing
obesity,
defined
as
BMI
≥25
kg/m
2
,
WtHR
≥0.5
presence
12
complications.
associations
between
obesity
mortality
were
assessed
using
Kaplan–Meier
survival
curves
Cox
proportional
hazards
regression
analyses.
Mediation
analysis
was
conducted
explore
potential
mechanisms
by
which
impacts
patient
prognosis.
Results
A
total
39
066
participants
included,
with
mean
age
43.6
years;
51.3%
male.
Over
median
follow‐up
period
141
months,
3708
deaths
recorded.
prevalence
63.04%
according
criteria.
rate
≥30
only
35.55%.
achieved
C‐index
0.5549,
surpasses
predictive
accuracy
criterion,
0.5265.
indicated
when
criterion
diagnose
it
associated
all‐cause
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)‐related
mortality,
but
did
not
predict
cancer‐related
mortality.
diagnosed
significantly
an
increased
risk
(hazard
[HR]
95%
confidence
interval
[CI]:
1.13
[1.02,
1.24]),
CVD
(HR
CI:
1.48
[1.20,
1.83])
cancer
1.26
[1.03,
1.54]).
When
simplified
any
top
five
(diabetes
mellitus,
hypertension,
CVD,
metabolic
syndrome
ageing)
criteria,
had
highest
(0.612),
remained
independent
prognostic
factor
poor
overall
CI
mortality:
1.41
[1.26,
1.58],
HR
2.08
[1.61,
2.68]
1.32
[1.06,
1.65]).
Conclusions
confirms
value
EASO,
suggesting
these
offer
accurate
assessment
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(18), P. 14044 - 14044
Published: Sept. 13, 2023
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
a
progressive
neurodegenerative
that
affects
most
people
worldwide.
AD
complex
central
nervous
system
disorder.
Several
drugs
have
been
designed
to
cure
AD,
but
with
low
success
rates.
Because
the
blood–brain
and
blood–cerebrospinal
fluid
barriers
are
two
protect
system,
their
presence
has
severely
restricted
efficacy
of
many
treatments
studied
for
diagnosis
and/or
therapy.
The
use
nanoparticles
treatment
focus
an
established
rapidly
developing
field
nanomedicine.
Recent
developments
in
nanomedicine
made
it
possible
effectively
transport
brain.
However,
numerous
obstacles
remain
successful
nanomedicines
clinical
settings
treatment.
Furthermore,
given
rapid
advancement
therapeutics,
better
outcomes
patients
can
be
anticipated.
This
article
provides
overview
recent
using
different
types
management
AD.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(23), P. 3767 - 3767
Published: Nov. 25, 2022
Dementia
is
reported
to
be
common
in
those
with
type
2
diabetes
mellitus.
Type
contributes
molecular
mechanisms
and
an
underlying
pathology
dementia.
Brain
cells
becoming
resistant
insulin
leads
elevated
blood
glucose
levels,
impaired
synaptic
plasticity,
microglial
overactivation,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
neuronal
apoptosis,
nutrient
deprivation,
TAU
(Tubulin-Associated
Unit)
phosphorylation,
cholinergic
dysfunction.
If
has
neuroprotective
properties,
resistance
may
interfere
properties.
Risk
factors
have
a
significant
impact
on
the
development
of
diseases,
such
as
diabetes,
obesity,
stroke,
other
conditions.
Analysis
risk
importance
for
association
between
dementia
important
because
they
impede
clinical
management
early
diagnosis.
We
discuss
pathological
physiological
behind
mellitus
dementia,
resistance,
signaling,
sporadic
forms
dementia;
relationship
receptor
activation
phosphorylation;
mRNA
expression
downregulation
related
receptors;
neural
modulation
due
secretion
homeostasis;
apoptosis
Addressing
these
will
offer
outcome-based
insights
into
connection
patients
cognitive
impairment.
Furthermore,
we
explore
role
brain
evidence
anti-diabetic
drugs
prevention
diabetes.
Frontiers in Endocrinology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: March 15, 2023
Background
Many
clinical
studies
have
shown
a
correlation
between
plasma
cortisol
and
neurological
disorders.
This
study
explored
the
causal
relationship
dementia,
epilepsy
multiple
sclerosis
based
on
Mendelian
randomization
(MR)
method.
Methods
Data
were
taken
from
summary
statistics
of
genome-wide
association
study,
FinnGen
consortium
United
Kingdom
Biobank.
Dementia,
epilepsy,
used
as
outcomes,
genetic
variants
associated
with
instrumental
variables.
The
main
analysis
was
performed
using
inverse
variance
weighted
method,
results
assessed
according
to
odds
ratio
(OR)
95%
confidence
interval.
Heterogeneity
tests,
pleiotropy
leave-one-out
method
conducted
evaluate
stability
accuracy
results.
Results
In
two-sample
MR
analysis,
showed
that
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
[odds
(95%
interval)
=
0.99
(0.98-1.00),
P
0.025],
vascular
dementia
(VaD)
2.02
(1.00-4.05),
0.049)],
Parkinson’s
(PDD)
0.24
(0.07-0.82),
0.023]
2.00
(1.03-3.91),
0.042].
There
no
statistically
significant
associations
Lewy
bodies
(DLB),
frontotemporal
(FTD)
sclerosis.
Conclusion
demonstrates
increase
incidence
rates
VaD
decrease
AD
PDD.
Monitoring
concentrations
in
practice
can
help
prevent
diseases,
such
AD,
PDD,
epilepsy.
