Exploring the Frontiers of Neuroimaging: A Review of Recent Advances in Understanding Brain Functioning and Disorders

Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1472 - 1472

Published: June 29, 2023

Neuroimaging has revolutionized our understanding of brain function and become an essential tool for researchers studying neurological disorders. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) electroencephalography (EEG) are two widely used neuroimaging techniques to review changes in activity. fMRI is a noninvasive technique that uses fields radio waves produce detailed images. An EEG records the brain’s electrical activity through electrodes placed on scalp. This overviews recent developments functional methods, including EEG. Recent advances technology, its application function, impact neuroscience research discussed. Advances technology applications analyzing neural oscillations also highlighted. In addition, advanced courses neuroimaging, such as diffusion tensor (DTI) transcranial stimulation (TES), described, along with their role connectivity, white matter tracts, potential treatments schizophrenia chronic pain. Application. The concludes by examining studies neurodevelopmental disorders autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD). We described direct current (tDCS) ASD, ADHD, AD, PD. have significantly provided insights into However, further EEG, MRI, TES necessary continue develop new diagnostic therapeutic strategies

Language: Английский

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Gold Nanoparticles in Neurological Diseases: A Review of Neuroprotection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2360 - 2360

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

This review explores the diverse applications of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in neurological diseases, with a specific focus on Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's (PD), and stroke. The introduction highlights pivotal role neuroinflammation these disorders introduces unique properties AuNPs. review's core examines mechanisms by which AuNPs exert neuroprotection anti-neuro-inflammatory effects, elucidating various pathways through they manifest properties. potential therapeutic AD are discussed, shedding light promising avenues for therapy. also prospects utilizing PD interventions, presenting hopeful outlook future treatments. Additionally, delves into providing after strokes, emphasizing their significance mitigating cerebrovascular accidents' aftermath. Experimental findings from cellular animal models consolidated to provide comprehensive overview AuNPs' effectiveness, offering insights impact at both vivo levels. enhances our understanding diseases lays groundwork innovative strategies neurology.

Language: Английский

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Quercetin-encapsulated GelMa Hydrogel Microneedle Reduces Oxidative Stress and Facilitates Wound Healing

Nano TransMed, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100030 - 100030

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Delayed wound healing brings additional physical, mental, and financial burdens. Microneedles (MNs) are a novel dressing form can incorporate drug delivery systems. Quercetin is known for its remarkable antioxidant capacity may have distinctive effect on healing. We designed constructed gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) MNs carrying (Q-MNs). In vitro, the physical properties, cell safety, migration, angiogenesis, collagen formation, oxidative stress levels, were performed to characterize Q-MNs. vivo, full-thickness skin models established evaluate re-epithelialization impact of control, MN, Q-MN groups. The Q-MNs mechanically strong enough penetrate sustained possessed good biocompatibility. Moreover, evidently facilitated both in vitro promoted formation neo-angiogenesis, reduction levels. could motivate with enhanced vascularization decreased thus providing feasible strategy

Language: Английский

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Harnessing the chemical composition and anti-oxidant, anti-enzymatic, and anti-cancer activities of two Corydalis species (C. erdelii and C. solida) by using in vitro and in silico analysis

Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 104762 - 104762

Published: July 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring the mechanisms of kaempferol in neuroprotection: Implications for neurological disorders

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(2)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Kaempferol, a flavonoid compound found in various fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants, has garnered increasing attention due to its potential neuroprotective effects neurological diseases. This research examines the existing literature concerning involvement of kaempferol diseases, including stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's neuroblastoma/glioblastoma, spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, epilepsy. Numerous vitro vivo investigations have illustrated that possesses antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic properties, contributing effects. Kaempferol been shown modulate key signaling pathways involved neurodegeneration neuroinflammation, such as PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, NF‐κB pathways. Moreover, exhibits therapeutic benefits by enhancing neuronal survival, attenuating oxidative stress, mitochondrial calcium channel activity, reducing promoting neurogenesis, improving cognitive function. The evidence suggests holds promise natural for prevention treatment Further is warranted elucidate underlying mechanisms action, optimize dosage regimens, evaluate safety efficacy this intervention human clinical trials, thereby advancement scientific knowledge field.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols, Alkaloids, and Terpenoids Against Neurodegeneration: Evaluating the Neuroprotective Effects of Phytocompounds Through a Comprehensive Review of the Current Evidence

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 124 - 124

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases comprise a group of chronic, usually age-related, disorders characterized by progressive neuronal loss, deformation structure, or loss function, leading to substantially reduced quality life. They remain significant focus scientific and clinical interest due their increasing medical social importance. Most neurodegenerative present intracellular protein aggregation extracellular deposition (plaques), such as α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease amyloid beta (Aβ)/tau aggregates Alzheimer's. Conventional treatments for conditions incur high costs are related the development several adverse effects. In addition, many patients irresponsive them. For these reasons, there is growing tendency find new therapeutic approaches help patients. This review intends investigate some phytocompounds' effects on diseases. These generally increased oxidative stress inflammation, so phytocompounds can prevent treat To achieve our aim provide critical assessment current literature about phytochemicals targeting neurodegeneration, we reviewed reputable databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, COCHRANE, seeking trials that utilized against conditions. A few investigated humans, after screening, 13 were ultimately included following PRISMA guidelines. compounds include polyphenols (flavonoids luteolin quercetin, phenolic acids rosmarinic acid, ferulic caffeic other like resveratrol), alkaloids (such berberine, huperzine A, caffeine), terpenoids ginkgolides limonene). The gathered evidence underscores caffeine, ginkgolides, primarily anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, counteracting neuroinflammation, oxidation, synaptic dysfunctions, which crucial aspects intervention various conditions, Alzheimer's dementias, depression, neuropsychiatric disorders. summary, they show use improvements cognition, memory, disinhibition, irritability/lability, aberrant behavior, hallucinations, mood

Language: Английский

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Exploring the therapeutic potential of quercetin: A focus on its sirtuin‐mediated benefits

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(5), P. 2361 - 2387

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract As the global population ages, preventing lifestyle‐ and aging‐related diseases is increasing, necessitating search for safe affordable therapeutic interventions. Among nutraceuticals, quercetin, a flavonoid ubiquitously present in various plants, has garnered considerable interest. This review aimed to collate analyze existing literature on potentials of especially its interactions with SIRTs clinical applicability based bioavailability safety. narrative was survey spanning from 2015 2023 using PUBMED. The keywords MeSH terms used were: “quercetin” AND “bioavailability” OR “metabolism” “metabolites” as well “SIRTuin” “SIRT*” “cellular effects” “pathway” “signaling” “neuroprotective” “cardioprotective” “nephroprotective” “antiatherosclerosis” “diabetes” “antidiabetic” “dyslipidemia” “mice” “rats”. Quercetin demonstrates multiple activities, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti‐atherosclerotic effects. Its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiviral, immunomodulatory properties are well‐established. At molecular level, it majorly interacts SIRTs, particularly SIRT1 SIRT6, modulates numerous signaling pathways, contributing These pathways play roles reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy regulation, mitochondrial biogenesis, glucose utilization, fatty acid oxidation, genome stability. However, trials quercetin's effectiveness humans scarce. exhibits wide range SIRT‐mediated Despite compelling preclinical data, more standardized needed fully understand potential. Future research should focus addressing safety concerns.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of quercetin in gynecological disorders

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 116418 - 116418

Published: March 9, 2024

Quercetin is a representative flavonoid that widely present in fruits, herbs, and vegetables. It also an important active core component traditional Chinese medicines. As flavonoid, quercetin has various properties exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective effects. The public interest increasing, been used to prevent or treat numerous of diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), cancer, autoimmune diseases chronic cardiovascular clinical experiments animal studies due its powerful antioxidant minimal side marked pharmacological effects on gynecological disorders; however, there have no reviews about the potential health benefits context disorders, including PCOS, premature failure (POF), endometriosis (EM), ovarian cancer (OC), cervical (CC) endometrial carcinoma (EC). Thus, this review aimed summarize biological disorders mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Antitumor Effect and Gut Microbiota Modulation by Quercetin, Luteolin, and Xanthohumol in a Rat Model for Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1161 - 1161

Published: April 13, 2024

Colorectal cancer stands as the third most prevalent form of worldwide, with a notable increase in incidence Western countries, mainly attributable to unhealthy dietary habits and other factors, such smoking or reduced physical activity. Greater consumption vegetables fruits has been associated lower colorectal cancer, which is attributed their high content fiber bioactive compounds, flavonoids. In this study, we have tested flavonoids quercetin, luteolin, xanthohumol potential antitumor agents an animal model induced by azoxymethane dodecyl sodium sulphate. Forty rats were divided into four cohorts: Cohort 1 (control cohort), 2 (quercetin 3 (luteolin 4 (xanthohumol cohort). These administered intraperitoneally evaluate pharmaceutical agents. At end experiment, after euthanasia, different parameters intestinal microbiota populations analyzed. Luteolin was effective significantly reducing number tumors compared control cohort. Furthermore, main significant differences at level observed between cohort treated experienced reduction abundance genera disease inflammatory conditions, Clostridia UCG-014 Turicibacter. On hand, healthy state, Muribaculum, showed luteolin results underline anti-colorectal manifested through modulation tumors.

Language: Английский

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Protective effect of flavonoids on oxidative stress injury in Alzheimer’s disease

Natural Product Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 28

Published: June 23, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, which mainly caused by damage of structure and function central nervous system. At present, there are many adverse reactions in market-available drugs, can't significantly inhibit occurrence AD. Therefore, current focus research to find safe effective therapeutic drugs improve clinical treatment Oxidative stress bridges different mechanism hypotheses AD plays a key role Numerous studies have shown that natural flavonoids good antioxidant effects. They can directly or indirectly resist ­oxidative stress, Aβ aggregation Tau protein hyperphosphorylation activating Nrf2 other oxidation-antioxidation-related signals, regulating synaptic function-related pathways, promoting mitochondrial autophagy, etc., play neuroprotective In this review, we summarised inhibiting oxidative injury recent years. Moreover, because shortcomings poor biofilm permeability low bioavailability flavonoids, advantages progress nano-drug delivery systems such as liposomes solid lipid nanoparticles were highlighted. We hope review provides useful way explore treatments.

Language: Английский

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