Post-COVID-19 Depressive Symptoms: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacological Treatment

CNS Drugs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 681 - 702

Published: June 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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Persistent Autoimmune Activation and Proinflammatory State in Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Syndrome

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 225(12), P. 2155 - 2162

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Abstract Background The immunopathological pathways enabling post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) syndrome (PCS) development are not entirely known. We underwent a longitudinal analysis of patients with COVID-19 who developed PCS aiming to evaluate the autoimmune and immunological status associated this condition. Methods Thirty-three were included for clinical autoantibody analyses, 12 whom assessed cytokines lymphocyte populations. Patients followed 7–11 months after acute COVID-19. Autoimmune profile statuses evaluated mainly by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assays flow cytometry. Results Latent autoimmunity overt persisted over time. A proinflammatory state was observed in characterized up-regulated interferon-α, tumor necrosis factor-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-13, whereas interferon-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) decreased. In addition, increased levels Th9, CD8+ effector T cells, naive B CD4+ memory cells. Total immunoglobulin G S1-severe respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies remained elevated Conclusions manifestations persistence phenotype induced SARS-CoV-2 infection. This long-term persistent immune activation may contribute latent autoimmunity. suggest need role immunomodulation treatment PCS.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 2022 update: transition of the pandemic to the endemic phase

Human Genomics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: June 1, 2022

Abstract COVID-19, which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2, has ravaged world for past 2 years. Here, we review current state of research into disease with focus on its history, human genetics and genomics transition from pandemic to endemic phase. We are particularly concerned lack solid information initial phases that highlighted necessity better preparation face similar future threats. On other hand, gratified progress genetic susceptibility investigations believe now time explore The latter will require worldwide vigilance cooperation, especially in emerging countries. In phase, vaccination rates have lagged developed countries should assist, as warranted, bolstering worldwide. also discuss status vaccines outlook COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Involvement and Interactions between Respiratory, Cardiovascular and Nervous Systems

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 524 - 524

Published: Jan. 20, 2022

Though the acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection have been extensively reported, long-term are less well described. Specifically, while clinicians endure to battle COVID-19, we also need develop broad strategies manage post-COVID-19 symptoms and encourage those affected seek suitable care. This review addresses possible involvement lung, heart brain in post-viral syndromes describes suggested management syndrome. Post-COVID-19 respiratory manifestations comprise coughing shortness breath. Furthermore, arrhythmias, palpitations, hypotension, increased rate, venous thromboembolic diseases, myocarditis failure usual cardiovascular events. Among neurological manifestations, headache, peripheral neuropathy symptoms, memory issues, lack concentration sleep disorders most commonly observed with varying frequencies. Finally, mental health issues affecting abilities mood fluctuations, namely anxiety depression, frequently seen. long COVID is a complex syndrome protracted heterogeneous patients who experience sequelae require personalized treatment as ongoing support.

Language: Английский

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Shared biological mechanisms of depression and obesity: focus on adipokines and lipokines

Aging, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 29, 2023

Depression and obesity are both common disorders currently affecting public health, frequently occurring simultaneously within individuals, the relationship between these is bidirectional. The association depression highly co-morbid tends to significantly exacerbate metabolic related depressive symptoms. However, neural mechanism under mutual control of largely inscrutable. This review focuses particularly on alterations in systems that may mechanistically explain vivo homeostatic regulation link, such as immune-inflammatory activation, gut microbiota, neuroplasticity, HPA axis dysregulation well neuroendocrine regulators energy metabolism including adipocytokines lipokines. In addition, summarizes potential future treatments for raises several questions need be answered research. will provide a comprehensive description localization biological connection better understand co-morbidity depression.

Language: Английский

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The Relationship Between COVID-19 and the Development of Depression: Implications on Mental Health

Neuroscience Insights, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Initially, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), was predominantly considered to primarily affect respiratory system. However, later studies revealed that it also affects brain function through its ability bind angiotensin-converting enzyme type (ACE2) receptors expressed on neural cells. Our study involved a comprehensive review of literature aiming investigate relationship between COVID-19 and development depression. analysis shows connection these conditions, as consequence inflammatory response in nervous system psychophysiological effects pandemic. In patients, depression can arise either due direct viral infection or result an indirect immune triggering neuroinflammation after cytokine storm. The resulting be treated with non-pharmacological therapies such psychotherapy, antidepressant medications, combination treatments depending severity symptoms.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Concentration of Selected Biomarkers of Exposure in Users of Classic Cigarettes, E-Cigarettes, and Heated Tobacco Products—A Narrative Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1796 - 1796

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Currently, the number of e-cigarette and heated tobacco product (HTP) users are steadily increasing, while classic cigarette decreasing. The effects smoking cigarettes on human health have been thoroughly described in literature, but negative e-cigarettes HTPs body not clearly defined. Among different forms tobacco, those at a particularly high risk developing particular disease entities should be identified, allowing for faster implementation potential treatments, including psychotherapeutic ones. Biomarkers used this purpose. This paper summarizes these compounds from exposure groups cigarettes, e-cigarettes, HTPs, presents changes their concentrations fluids users. review discusses impact use relation to levels following biomarkers: TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-4, Il-13, TGF-β, VEGF EGF, HGF, BDNF, MMP-9, CRP, microplastics, selected parameters oxidative stress. also includes suggested treatment, Tobacco Product Use Reduction Programs, minimize above-mentioned products.

Language: Английский

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Is post-COVID syndrome an autoimmune disease?

Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(7), P. 653 - 666

Published: June 6, 2022

Post-COVID syndrome (PCS) is recognized as a new entity in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Though its pathogenesis not completely understood, persistent inflammation from acute illness and development autoimmunity play critical role development.The mechanisms involved emergence PCS, their similarities with post-viral post-care syndromes, inclusion spectrum possible targets for treatment.An autoimmune phenomenon plays major most causative theories explaining PCS. There need both PCS definition classification criteria (including severity scores). Longitudinal controlled studies are necessary to better understand this entity, find what additional factors participate into development. With high prevalence COVID-19 cases worldwide, together current evidence on latent we may observe an increase diseases (ADs) coming years. Vaccination's effect ADs will also receive attention future. Health social care services develop framework deal

Language: Английский

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Long COVID: a narrative review of the clinical aftermaths of COVID-19 with a focus on the putative pathophysiology and aspects of physical activity

Oxford Open Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause multi-systemic symptoms that persist beyond the acute symptomatic phase. post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also referred to as long COVID, describe persistence and/or long-term complications 4 weeks from onset and are estimated affect at least 20% individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 regardless their severity. multi-faceted clinical picture COVID encompasses a plethora undulating manifestations impacting various body systems such fatigue, headache, attention disorder, hair loss exercise intolerance. physiological response testing is characterized by reduced aerobic capacity, cardiocirculatory limitations, dysfunctional breathing patterns an impaired ability extract use oxygen. Still, this day, causative pathophysiological mechanisms remain be elucidated, organ damage, immune system dysregulation endotheliopathy being among hypotheses discussed. Likewise, there still paucity treatment options evidence-based strategies for management symptoms. In sum, review explores different aspects maps literature on what known about its manifestations, potential mechanisms, options.

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Pathophysiology of Depression: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(12), P. 10398 - 10447

Published: May 10, 2024

Language: Английский

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