Ethnic Disparities in the Risk Factors, Morbidity, and Mortality of Cardiovascular Disease in People With Diabetes

Journal of the Endocrine Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(7)

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. Compared European Americans, African Americans have more favorable lipid profiles, as indicated by higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lower triglycerides, and less dense low-density particles. The atherogenic profile translates to incidence prevalence CVD diabetes, despite rates hypertension obesity. However, experience worse clinical outcomes, including mortality, compared Americans. This mini-review summarizes epidemiology, pathophysiology, mechanisms, management focusing on possible factors underlying “African American paradox” (lower incidence/prevalence but outcomes). Although reasons for disparities outcomes remain be fully elucidated, we present a critical appraisal roles suboptimal control risk factors, inequities care delivery, several biological psychosocial stress. We identify gaps current knowledge propose areas future investigation.

Language: Английский

---

Low Dietary Betaine Intake Is Associated with Increased Blood Cholesterol in Mexican Subjects

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 819 - 819

Published: April 11, 2024

Background: Betaine, an osmolyte derivative of the metabolite choline and amino acid glycine, acts as a methyl donor in conversion homocysteine to methionine is involved maintenance adequate lipid metabolism. There growing evidence for role betaine development various lipid-related diseases, including dyslipidemia cardiovascular risk. This study aimed analyze associations between intake blood profiles Mexican subjects. Methods: A total 212 adults were randomly recruited city Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. Betaine was estimated using Nutritionist Pro software. Body composition metabolic measurements obtained by conventional methods. In sample, average 14.32 mg/d. Individuals categorized into three groups according tertiles consumption: tertile/group 1 (<4.16 mg/d), 2 (4.16–12.02 3 (>12.02 mg/d). Results: Compared group 3, subjects within had higher serum levels cholesterol (p = 0.001), LDL-c 0.026), non-HDL-c 0.021). addition, significant negative Pearson correlations found (r −0.432, 95% CI, −0.684, −0.185, p −0.370, −0.606, −0.134, 0.002), −0.351, 95%CI, −0.604, −0.098, 0.007). Conclusions: Our results show that low associated with elevated On this basis, consumption could be used additional dietary measure care. However, studies are required confirm our other regions well populations worldwide.

Language: Английский

---

Residual Cardiovascular Risk: Role of Remnants Cholesterol, Monocyte/HDL Ratio and Lipoprotein Ratios on Personalized Cardiovascular Prevention

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 460 - 460

Published: April 26, 2024

Cardiovascular diseases represent the leading cause of death in world and are subject to limitations prevention strategies despite use very effective drugs. The concept residual risk (RR) is intrinsically related that global which it represents a significant percentage. In cardiovascular field, term RR refers probability incurring major event, adequate control factors present individual patient. A portion field results from underestimation additional not subjected intervention such as, for example, triglyceride levels patients treated presence hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia. therefore appears as an essential condition reduction profile based on integrated combines all different derived available evidence capable interacting basis strengthening reciprocal between lifestyle pharmacological nutraceutical methods.

Language: Английский

---

Association Between Remnant Cholesterol and Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation: Population‐Based Evidence From a Large‐Scale Prospective Cohort Study

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10)

Published: May 18, 2024

Evidence for the relationship between remnant cholesterol (RC) and incident atrial fibrillation (AF) risk remains sparse limited.

Language: Английский

---

Combined Effects of Air Pollution and Changes in Physical Activity With Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Dyslipidemia

Journal of the American Heart Association, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Background Sedentary behavior elevates cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with dyslipidemia. Increasing physical activity (PA) is recommended alongside pharmacological therapy to prevent CVD, though benefits across environmental conditions are unclear. Methods and Results We analyzed data from 113 918 newly diagnosed dyslipidemia (2009–2012) without prior sourced the Korea National Health Insurance Service. Ambient particulate matter (PM) 2.5 PM 10 levels were collected Air Monitoring System South Korea. Changes PA, measured metabolic equivalents of task–min/wk before after diagnosis, evaluated for associations air pollution CVD using Cox proportional hazards regression. Patients followed January 1, 2013, until onset, death, or December 31, 2021. Among exposed low moderate (≤25 μg/m 3 ), increasing PA inactive ≥1000 tasks–min/wk was associated a lower (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.70–0.97]; P trend=0.022). In high (>25 ) conditions, decreasing reduced ( trend=0.010) elevated trend=0.028) risks, respectively. For , increased linked trend=0.002) decreased trend=0.042) (≤50 diminished at (>50 exposures. Conclusions Promoting while considering potential pollution, may be an effective intervention against

Language: Английский

---

Molecular Links and Clinical Effects of Inflammation and Metabolic Background on Ischemic Stroke: An Update Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(24), P. 7515 - 7515

Published: Dec. 10, 2024

Stroke is a major global health concern, with 12.2 million new cases and 6.6 deaths reported in 2019, making it the second leading cause of death third disability worldwide. Ischemic stroke, caused by blood vessel occlusion, accounts for 87% stroke results neuronal due to oxygen nutrient deprivation. The rising burden linked aging populations increased metabolic risk factors like high pressure, obesity, elevated glucose levels, which promote chronic inflammation. This article explores intricate molecular clinical interplay between inflammation disorders, emphasizing their role ischemic development, progression, outcomes.

Language: Английский

---

Relationship between Vitamin D Insufficiency, Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Indices in Healthy Women Aged 18–50 Years.

Published: June 11, 2024

Although vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there are few data on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH) D) and atherogenic indices predictive CVD. This study aimed to investigate relationship status lipid profile in adult women Morocco. Three hundred healthy women, aged 18 50 years, from Meknes were included. Fasting 25(OH) concentrations determined using a one-step electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay enzymatic method, respectively. Atherogenic (Atherogenic index plasma (AIP), non-HDL cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), coefficient (AC), Castelli I II (CRI-I II), CHOLIndex (CI)) calculated conventional parameters. Logistic regression models operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis used assess variables estimate threshold levels associated high indices. below 20 ng/ml was significantly enhanced hypertriglyceridemia elevated values AIP, AC, Non-HDL-C, CRI-I OR (95% CI) 4.904 (1.856-12.959); 3.637(2.149-6.158); 3.589(1.673-7.700); 2.074(1.215-3.540), 2.481(1.481-4.123), According ROC analysis, likelihood 25(OH)D thresholds ≤15.15 ng/ml, ≤ 17.5 19.8 20.1 19.5 respectively, all p &amp;lt; 0.01. Based indices, this indicates that may increase women. Additional health efforts needed raise awareness among healthcare providers preventing controlling factors.

Language: Английский

---

Relationship between Vitamin D Insufficiency, Lipid Profile and Atherogenic Indices in Healthy Women Aged 18–50 Years

European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. 2337 - 2357

Published: Aug. 9, 2024

Although vitamin D insufficiency has been correlated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), there are few data on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin (25(OH)D) and atherogenic indices predictive CVD. This study investigated relationship status lipid profile in adult women Morocco. Three hundred aged 18 to 50 years from Meknes were included. Fasting 25(OH)D concentrations assayed by a one-step electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay enzymatic method, respectively. Atherogenic (atherogenic index plasma (AIP), coefficient (AC), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), Castelli I II (CRI-I II), CHOLIndex (CI)) calculated using conventional parameters. Logistic regression models operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis used assess variables estimate threshold levels associated high indices. 25(OH) below 20 ng/mL was significantly enhanced hypertriglyceridemia elevated values AIP, AC, non-HDL-C, CRI-I OR (95% CI) 4.904 (1.856–12.959), 3.637 (2.149–6.158), 3.589 (1.673–7.700), 2.074 (1.215–3.540), 2.481 (1.481–4.123), According ROC analysis, likelihood thresholds ≤15.15 ng/mL, ≤17.5 ≤19.8 ≤20.1 ≤19.5 respectively, all p < 0.01. Based indices, this indicates that may increase women. Additional health measures essential raise awareness among professionals preventing controlling factors, particularly young individuals.

Language: Английский

---

Alliaceae versus Brassicaceae for Dyslipidemia: State of the Art and Future Perspectives. Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Clinical Studies

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 29, 2024

ABSTRACT Dyslipidemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Preclinical studies have shown that organosulfur compounds from the Alliaceae and Brassicaceae plants, such as garlic ( Allium sativum L.) broccoli Brassica oleracea L.), potential lipid‐lowering effects. However, their clinical efficacy controversial, especially in “drug‐free” patients. The aim of this work was to summarize evidence on properties extracts containing patients with dyslipidemia. Studies were searched four databases (Medline, Scopus, Embase, CENTRAL), inception October 11, 2023.Controlled dyslipidemia receiving or included. outcome change lipid parameters baseline. Random‐effect meta‐analysis extracted data performed using R software. effect size expressed mean difference (MD) 95% confidence interval (CI). certainty assessed GRADE approach. Out 28 reviewed, 22 included (publication period: 1981–2022). Results showed significantly reduce total cholesterol [MD: −15.2 mg/dL; CI: −21.3; −9.1] low‐density lipoprotein levels −12.0 −18.1; −5.7], although low evidence. Conversely, are still unexplored. Our results support use hypercholesterolemia, but future high‐quality needed. suggests further exploration c eae extracts, which may high nutraceutical/phytotherapeutic potential, opening new perspectives management

Language: Английский

---

Examination of Lipoprotein and Lipid Levels of Adult Patients With Atherosclerosis, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke: A Narrative Review

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

The literature revealed correlations between high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density (LDL), and very (VLDL) vaso-occlusive disease. Specifically, positive linear relationships exist LDL VLDL the development of Alternatively, a U-shaped relationship HDL disease exists where both low high levels increase risk developing conditions such as myocardial infarction atherosclerosis. These results align with National Institute Health's targets. Recent postulates that adverse effects associated lipoproteins may be attributable to commonalities structures HDL, LDL, VLDL, apolipoprotein subunits molecular sizes are not commonly analyzed in clinical lab tests. Nonetheless, additional research remains ongoing further understand role atherogenesis

Language: Английский

---