The Metabolic Syndrome, a Human Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2251 - 2251

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

This review focuses on the question of metabolic syndrome (MS) being a complex, but essentially monophyletic, galaxy associated diseases/disorders, or just related rather independent pathologies. The human nature MS (its exceptionality in Nature and its close interdependence with action evolution) is presented discussed. text also describes components, special emphasis description their interrelations (including syndromic development recruitment), as well consequences upon energy handling partition. main theories MS’s origin are relation to hepatic steatosis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, encompass most components described so far. differential effects sex biological considered under light social needs evolution, which directly epidemiology, severity, relations senescence. triggering maintenance factors discussed, especial inflammation, complex process affecting different levels organization critical element for development. Inflammation operation connective tissue adipose organ) widely studied acknowledged influence diet. role diet composition, including transcendence anaplerotic Krebs cycle from dietary amino acid supply (and timing), developed context testosterone β-estradiol control insulin-glycaemia core system carbohydrate-triacylglycerol handling. high probability acting unique (essentially monophyletic) presented, together additional perspectives/considerations treatment this ‘very’ disease.

Language: Английский

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Mitigation of Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolic Abnormalities by Bavachalcone in High-Fat/High-Fructose Diet-Fed Rats

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 59(1), P. 134 - 143

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Background Obesity is defined by an excess of body fat, together with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. These factors significantly elevate the risk acquiring chronic disorders such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, etc. Objectives The goal current study was to evaluate bavachalcone's beneficial effects on obesity in experimental rats fed a High-Fat High-Fructose (HFa-HFr) diet. Materials Methods metabolic complications were induced HFa-HFr diet feeding for period 10 weeks treated bavachalcone from 5th 10th weeks. various parameters food water consumption, weight, insulin, blood glucose level, serum biochemical markers, liver oxidative stress proinflammatory cytokine levels assessed after treatment. Additionally, histopathological examination conducted tissues. Results findings showed that exhibited notable elevation glucose, fat deposits, marker enzyme activities. changes effectively mitigated Furthermore, resulted elevated accumulation, stress, inflammatory biomarker levels. In contrast, treatment successfully reduced resistance, deposition, inflammatory, conditions diet-fed rats. Conclusion results clearly diet-caused abnormalities reducing deposition markers. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Fatty liver, Bavachalcone, Insulin Inflammation

Language: Английский

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Flavonoid extracts of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. Promote browning of white adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced mice

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 324, P. 117749 - 117749

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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Remnant cholesterol, preinflammatory state and chronic kidney disease: association and mediation analyses

Renal Failure, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(2)

Published: June 10, 2024

Blood lipid management is a key approach in the prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Remnant cholesterol (RC) plays an important role development multiple diseases via inflammation. The aim our study was to determine relationship between RC and CKD explore inflammation this relationship. 7696 subjects from Chinese Health Nutrition Survey were divided into four subgroups according quartile RC. estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Fasting as total minus low-density lipoprotein high-density cholesterol. Logistic regression analysis employed evaluate relationships CKD. Mediation undertaken identify potential mediators high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) white blood cells (WBCs). Of all participants, mean age 51 years, male accounted for 47.8%. multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) highest versus lowest remnant 1.40 (1.10–1.78, p trend = 0.006) preinflammatory markers have combined effect on state, presented by increased hs-CRP or WBCs, partially mediated association with proportion 10.14% (p 0.002) 11.65% 0.012), respectively. In conclusion, suggested positive CKD, which state. These findings highlight importance renal dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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Inpatient treatment for severe obesity: A retrospective cohort study in Brazil, comparing exposure variables in a secondary data analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. e0303489 - e0303489

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Introduction: Very low-calorie diets with hospitalization have demonstrated promise as a viable therapeutic option for severe obesity and its associated comorbidities. However, large studies providing comprehensive longitudinal observation of patients undergoing this therapy are lacking. We evaluated the effectiveness treating in hospitalized patients, using very clinical support to develop lifestyle changes. Methods: This study was retrospective cohort comparing exposure variables secondary data analysis pre-post treatment design. Data were obtained from medical records (grade II or III) treated Brazilian specialist hospital 2016 2022. The underwent diet (500–800 kCal/day) immersive changes habits, monitored by multidisciplinary team. At 3 months, 777 presented complete 402 at 6 months. compared bioimpedance laboratory tests, between men women age groups. Results: Three months yielded significant reductions weight, body mass index (BMI), fat, skeletal muscle mass, glucose, inflammatory, lipid parameters. These more pronounced after nearly doubling those observed In women, BMI fat reduced 10.4% 15.2% 20.4% 31.3% respectively. men, decreased 12.9% 25.3 23.6% 45.3% Elderly individuals (aged ≥ 60 years) had smaller than non-elderly < but still improvements. Conclusion: suggests viability modality significantly improves anthropometric measurements, lipids, inflammatory markers, thereby reducing cardiovascular risk.

Language: Английский

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The chain-mediating effect of Crp, BMI on the relationship between dietary intake of live microbes and hyperlipidaemia

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract Background Inflammation and obesity are the risk factors for hyperlipidaemia. Nonetheless, research regarding association between dietary live microbes intake hyperlipidaemia is lacking. Therefore, this study focused on revealing relationship them mediating roles of inflammation obesity. Methods Totally 16,677 subjects were enrolled from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (1999–2010 2015–2020). To explore correlation as well blood lipid levels, respectively, multiple logistic regression linear employed. Furthermore, body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (Crp) their chain effect explored through analysis. Results High was protective factor In addition, high exhibited a positive to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among males (β = 2.52, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.76, P < 0.0001) females 2.22, 1.05, 3.38, 0.001), but negative with triglyceride (TG) levels in -7.37, -13.16, -1.59, 0.02) low-density (LDL-C) -2.75, -5.28, -0.21, 0.02). Crp, BMI mediated HDL-C levels. Moreover, LDL-C Conclusion Dietary related lower risk. make impact relationship.

Language: Английский

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Role of epidural fat in the local milieu: what we know and what we don’t

Connective Tissue Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(2), P. 102 - 116

Published: March 3, 2024

Purpose Traditionally, the epidural fat (EF) is known as a physical buffer for dural sac against force and lubricant facilitating relative motion of latter on osseous spine. Along with development studies EF, controversies still exist vital questions, such underlying mechanism spinal lipomatosis. Meanwhile, scattered fragmented researches hinder global insight into seemingly dispensable tissue.

Language: Английский

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A Systematic Review of Metabolic Syndrome: Key Correlated Pathologies and Non-Invasive Diagnostic Approaches

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(19), P. 5880 - 5880

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Background and Objectives: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a condition marked by complex array of physiological, biochemical, metabolic abnormalities, including central obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia (characterized elevated triglycerides reduced levels high-density lipoproteins). The pathogenesis develops from the accumulation lipid droplets in hepatocyte (steatosis). This accumulation, genetically predisposed subjects with other external stimuli (intestinal dysbiosis, caloric diet, physical inactivity, stress), activates production pro-inflammatory molecules, alter autophagy, turn on activity hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), provoking low grade chronic inflammation fibrosis. associated significantly increased risk developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), vascular, renal, pneumologic, rheumatological, sexual, cutaneous syndromes overall mortality, rising five- to seven-fold for T2DM, three-fold CVD, one half–fold all-cause mortality. purpose this narrative review examine as “systemic disease” its interaction major internal medicine conditions such diabetes, renal failure, respiratory failure. It essential practitioners approach widespread “holistic” rather than fragmented manner, particularly Western countries. Additionally, it important be aware non-invasive tools available assessing condition. Materials Methods: We conducted an exhaustive search PubMed up July 2024, focusing terms related pathologies (heart, Lung (COPD, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, OSAS) kidney rheumatological (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis), endocrinological, sexual neoplastic risks. was managed accordance PRISMA statement. Finally, we selected 300 studies (233 papers first strategy 67 second one). Our included that provided insights into techniques evaluating liver fibrosis steatosis. Studies were not humans, published languages English, or did assess changes heart failure excluded. Results: findings revealed clear correlation between all above described, indicating assessments steatosis could potentially serve markers severity progression diseases. Conclusions: multisystem disorder impacts organs beyond disrupts functioning various organs. Notably, linked higher incidence diseases, independent traditional factors. Non-invasive allow clinicians evaluate risk. ability may open new diagnostic, therapeutic, prognostic avenues managing complications, disease, which leading cause death these patients.

Language: Английский

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Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Improves Adiponectin to Leptin Ratio and Inflammatory Profile in Severely Obese Women with and without Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3312 - 3312

Published: July 26, 2023

Obesity is a troubling public health problem as it increases risks of sleep disorders, respiratory complications, systemic arterial hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). As measure to counteract comorbidities associated with severe obesity, bariatric surgery stands out. This study aimed investigate the adiponectin/leptin ratio in women obesity without MetS who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) characterize biochemical, glucose, inflammatory parameters blood before after RYGB. Were enrolled females undergoing RYGP (n = 11) 39). Anthropometric data circulating levels total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL low-density (LDL), adiponectin, leptin were assessed 6 months Significant reductions weight, body mass index, LDL, observed surgery, higher HDL, being compared preoperative values those. demonstrated that weight loss induced by RYGB patients or improved biochemical parameters, particularly ratio.

Language: Английский

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Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Visceral Adipose Tissue Thickness among Lean and Non-Lean People with and without Spinal Cord Injury

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 123 - 123

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

After spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple adaptations occur that influence metabolic health and life quality. Prolonged sitting inactivity predispose people with SCI to body composition changes, such as increased visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness, which is often associated impaired glucose tolerance. Our goal understand whether VAT an index of leanness, and, secondarily, mobility methods tolerance for living SCI. A total 15 20 without had fasting oral tests (OGTT) thickness (leanness) measured during a single session. Glucose was 51% 67% greater individuals relative those after 60 120 min OGTT (p < 0.001). area under the curve (AUC) 28%, 34%, 60% higher non-lean than lean SCI, respectively = 0.05, p 0.009, AUC (R2 0.23, 0.004). Taken together, these findings suggest estimated from VAT, may be important consideration when developing rehabilitation programs metabolism among

Language: Английский

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