Controlled Drug Delivery Systems: Current Status and Future Directions

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(19), P. 5905 - 5905

Published: Sept. 29, 2021

The drug delivery system enables the release of active pharmaceutical ingredient to achieve a desired therapeutic response. Conventional systems (tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, etc.) suffer from poor bioavailability and fluctuations in plasma level are unable sustained release. Without an efficient mechanism, whole process can be rendered useless. Moreover, has delivered at specified controlled rate target site as precisely possible maximum efficacy safety. Controlled developed combat problems associated with conventional delivery. There been tremendous evolution past two decades ranging macro scale nano intelligent targeted initial part this review provides basic understanding emphasis on pharmacokinetics drug. It also discusses their limitations. Further, discussed detail design considerations, classifications drawings. In addition, nano-drug delivery, smart using stimuli-responsive biomaterials is recent key findings. paper concludes challenges faced future directions

Language: Английский

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Advantages of Hyaluronic Acid and Its Combination with Other Bioactive Ingredients in Cosmeceuticals

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(15), P. 4429 - 4429

Published: July 22, 2021

This study proposes a review on hyaluronic acid (HA) known as hyaluronan or hyaluronate and its derivates their application in cosmetic formulations. HA is glycosaminoglycan constituted from two disaccharides (N-acetylglucosamine D-glucuronic acid), isolated initially the vitreous humour of eye, subsequently discovered different tissues fluids (especially articular cartilage synovial fluid). It ubiquitous vertebrates, including humans, it involved diverse biological processes, such cell differentiation, embryological development, inflammation, wound healing, etc. has many qualities that recommend over other substances used skin regeneration, with moisturizing anti-ageing effects. molecular weight influences penetration into activity. Considering that, nowadays, wide use multitude applications (in ophthalmology, arthrology, pneumology, rhinology, aesthetic medicine, oncology, nutrition, cosmetics), present describes main aspects related to cosmetology. The effect level potential adverse effects are discussed. Some available products containing have been identified brand portfolio most manufacturers composition was evaluated. Further, additional due active ingredients (plant extracts, vitamins, amino acids, peptides, proteins, saccharides, probiotics, etc.) presented, well description possible toxic

Language: Английский

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Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(9), P. 5505 - 5616

Published: April 16, 2024

The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated creation more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at forefront numerous promising designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric have ability navigate various biological barriers precisely target specific sites within body, encapsulate a diverse range cargo efficiently release this in response internal external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, presence wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide comprehensive understanding vehicles. affecting be outlined first, followed by description nanoparticle designs preparation methods, beginning with polymers on which they are based. meticulously explore current performance against myriad diseases including cancer, viral bacterial infections, before finally evaluating advantages crucial challenges that determine potential decades come.

Language: Английский

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Overcoming Cancer Multi-drug Resistance (MDR): Reasons, mechanisms, nanotherapeutic solutions, and challenges

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 162, P. 114643 - 114643

Published: April 7, 2023

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells, either intrinsic or acquired through various mechanisms, significantly hinders the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Typically, reduced performance drugs is predominantly due to inherent over expression ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins on cell membrane, resulting deprived uptake drugs, augmenting drug detoxification, and DNA repair. In addition physiological abnormalities extensive blood flow, MDR phenotypes exhibit improved apoptotic threshold efflux efficiency. These severe consequences have substantially directed researchers fabrication advanced strategies, such as co-delivery along with generations inhibitors, augmented dosage regimens frequency administration, well combinatorial treatment options, among others. this review, we emphasize different reasons mechanisms responsible for cancer, including but not limited known mediated by permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) other pumps, uptake, altered repair, targets, Further, an emphasis specific cancers that share pathogenesis executing effluxed common provided. Then, aspects related nanomaterials-based supramolecular programmable designs (organic- inorganic-based materials), physical approaches (light- ultrasound-based therapies), are discussed, highlighting unsolved issues future advancements. Finally, summarize review interesting perspectives trends, exploring further opportunities overcome MDR.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review on various techniques used for synthesizing nanoparticles

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 1739 - 1763

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Nature is still the main focus of scientific and technological research, particularly in nanotechnology because its remarkable properties; has acquired much interest recent years. This review focuses on up-to-date overview classification nanoparticles, characterization, methods preparation, characterization application nanoparticles. Initial section gives insight various techniques for synthesis encompassing both bottom-up top-down approaches. Different nanoparticles are discussed details. Highlighting importance controlling shape, size, composition to develop enhance properties These include enhanced surface area, unique optical, electronic, magnetic characteristics, as well improved mechanical properties. Understanding these attributes essential harnessing different applications effectively. Broad spectrum also discussed. Additionally, have found catalysis, environmental remediation, antimicrobial coatings, contributing sustainable development protection. Overall, represent a progressive area research with tremendous potential innovation societal impact. Our evaluation will serve solid reference, assisting community comprehend topic better by showing role each technique comparable manner. As field constantly evolving, this incorporates latest developments, advancements up time publication. A comprehensive understanding their properties, decisive realizing full industrial domains.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Drug Delivery Nanosystems Using Graphene-Based Materials and Carbon Nanotubes

Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1059 - 1059

Published: Feb. 24, 2021

Carbon is one of the most abundant elements on Earth. In addition to well-known crystallographic modifications such as graphite and diamond, other allotropic carbon graphene-based nanomaterials nanotubes have recently come fore. These can be designed help deliver or target drugs more efficiently innovate therapeutic approaches, especially for cancer treatment, but also development new diagnostic agents malignancies are expected combine molecular imaging diagnosis with therapies. This paper summarizes latest drug delivery nanosystems based graphene, graphene quantum dots, oxide, reduced oxide nanotubes, mainly anticancer therapy.

Language: Английский

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Cancer nanomedicine: a review of nano-therapeutics and challenges ahead

RSC Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 8606 - 8629

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Cancer is known as the most dangerous disease in world terms of mortality and lack effective treatment. Research on cancer treatment still active great social importance. Since 1930, chemotherapeutics have been used to treat cancer. However, such conventional treatments are associated with pain, side effects, a targeting. Nanomedicines an emerging alternative due their targeting, bioavailability, low toxicity. Nanoparticles target cells via passive mechanisms. FDA approval for Doxil®, several nano-therapeutics developed, few received use Along liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoemulsions, even newer techniques involving extracellular vesicles (EVs) thermal nanomaterials now being researched implemented practice. This review highlights evolution current status therapy, focus clinical/pre-clinical nanomedicine studies. Insight also provided into prospects this regard.

Language: Английский

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Poly (propylene imine) dendrimer as an emerging polymeric nanocarrier for anticancer drug and gene delivery

European Polymer Journal, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 110683 - 110683

Published: Aug. 3, 2021

Language: Английский

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Review on Healthcare Biosensing Nanomaterials

ACS Applied Nano Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(7), P. 5042 - 5074

Published: March 31, 2023

Fast technological progress has sped up the growth of telemedicine, mobile e-health services, and healthcare monitoring, which, nowadays, are technologies in high demand medical field analytical sensing. Biosensing device design promoted forefront research topics wherein new sensing have been developed. In this regard, nanomaterials had a crucial role novel biosensors based on emerged as detective tools for several biomolecules. Most remarkably sensitive selective to detect cancer biomarkers, toxins foods, drugs, pathogenic microorganisms, cholesterol, pesticides, nucleic acids, glucose, heavy-metal contaminations, other bioanalytes under different platforms at extraordinarily low concentrations (nanomolar, picomolar, or femtomolar). A comprehensive review used biosensing is offered herein. Specifically, offers point view, highlighting covering exhaustively kinds (<500 nm) human diseases through biosensing. sense, we organize them into organic, inorganic, carbon-based, thus offering guide selecting best nanomaterial specific detection. Further, it provides roadmap real-time utilization commercial scale. Also, addresses some aspects use applications The discussed paper highlights immense potential implement nanocomposites initial examination point-of-care testing.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticles advanced from preclinical studies to clinical trials for lung cancer therapy

Cancer Nanotechnology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 28, 2023

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of mortality. As a heterogeneous disease, it has different subtypes and various treatment modalities. In addition to conventional surgery, radiotherapy chemotherapy, targeted therapy immunotherapy have also been applied in clinics. However, drug resistance systemic toxicity still cannot be avoided. Based on unique properties nanoparticles, provides new idea for lung therapy, especially immunotherapy. When nanoparticles are used as carriers drugs with special physical properties, nanodrug delivery system ensures accuracy targeting stability while increasing permeability aggregation tumor tissues, showing good anti-tumor effects. This review introduces including polymer liposome quantum dots, dendrimers, gold their applications tissues. addition, specific application nanoparticle-based preclinical studies clinical trials discussed.

Language: Английский

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