Derivatization of carboxylic groups prior to their LC analysis – A review

Analytica Chimica Acta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1300, P. 342435 - 342435

Published: March 4, 2024

Carboxylic acids (CAs) represent a large group of important molecules participating in various biologically significant processes. Analytical study these compounds is typically performed by liquid chromatography (LC) combined with types detection. However, their analysis often accompanied wide variety problems depending on used separation system or detection method. The dominant ones are: i) poor chromatographic behavior the CAs reversed-phase LC; ii) absence chromophore (or fluorophore); iii) weak ionization mass spectrometry (MS). To overcome problems, targeted chemical modification, and derivatization, come into play. Therefore, derivatization still plays an and, many cases, irreplaceable role sample preparation, new methods are constantly being developed. most commonly type reaction for amidation. In recent years, increased interest isotopic labeling method has been observed. this review, we comprehensively summarize possibilities actual trends that have published over past decade.

Language: Английский

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In-capillary aptamer-functionalized dispersive solid-phase microextraction for dynamic transfer enrichment and miniature mass spectrometry analysis: A magnetically driven capture-and-release strategy

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 485, P. 149997 - 149997

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Challenges and recent advances in quantitative mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics

Analytical Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(5-6)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract The field of metabolomics has gained tremendous interest in recent years. Whether the goal is to discover biomarkers related certain pathologies or better understand impact a drug contaminant, numerous studies have demonstrated how crucial it variations metabolism. Detailed knowledge metabolic variabilities can lead more effective treatments, as well faster less invasive diagnostics. Exploratory approaches are often employed metabolomics, using relative quantitation look at perturbations between groups samples. Most been based on metabolite profiling quantitation, with very few an approach for absolute quantitation. Using accurate facilitates comparison different studies, enabling longitudinal studies. In this review, we discuss most widely used techniques quantitative mass spectrometry (MS). Various aspects will be addressed, such use external and/or internal standards, derivatization techniques, vivo isotopic labelling, MS imaging. principles, associated limitations and challenges, described each approach.

Language: Английский

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Conjugation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids to Bicyclic-Amines for Analysis by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectroscopy

Molecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(2), P. 341 - 341

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Conjugation of short-chain fatty acids (SDFAs) to amines containing ring structures allows for better measurement by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS). However, collision-induced dissociation (CID) results in breaking the conjugate back original SCFA and amine. We therefore set out find an amine that would remain on after CID create a unique daughter selectivity measurement. Of twenty-seven with structures, we found four contain bicycle-type (two rings connected carbon) nitrogen second ring. removes at nitrogen, leaving first daughter. amines, 4-(pyrrolidine-1-ylmethyl) benzylamine (4PyBA) showed strongest conjugation. 4PyBA (C3-C6), their isomers phenylated versions (and isomers) resulted good chromatographic peaks separation. daughters allowed Using this method, standard curves were generated show linearity (r2 > 0.99) nM μM range lower limits detection between 40 229 10 μL sample. Finally, used method measure plasma, liver, platelets, red blood cells, demonstrating its use biological systems. Because SCFAs are index microbiome diversity gastrointestinal track, will allow us study changes pathologic conditions including trauma, hemorrhage, sepsis.

Language: Английский

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Non-targeted metabolomic profile of Leuconostoc mesenteroides-fermented milk reveals differentially expressed metabolites associated with electro-fermentation

Microbial Cell Factories, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Leuconostoc mesenteroides (L. mesenteroides) has known as an electrogenic probiotic bacterium. However, metabolites related to electro-fermentation in ferments of L. are not unveiled. Electrogenic fermentatively metabolized bovine milk dense with homogeneous particle-size distribution. A non-targeted metabolomics approach was performed on non-fermented and mesenteroides-fermented milk. total 917 were identified quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS-MS). Thirteen prokaryotic metabolic pathways associated differentially expressed (DEMs) revealed through Koto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Anthranilic acid (AA) 3-hydroxyanthranilin (3-HAA), potentially electron donors, quinolinic acid, donor precursor, the tryptophan kynurenine pathway significantly increased fermented Histidine, arginine, riboflavin involved bacterial survival or bioelectricity production elevated after fermentation. Results indicate that can mediate transform a new nutritional source which is rich donors reportedly acting antioxidants.

Language: Английский

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Iridium Isotope Tag-Assisted LC-MS Method for Global Profiling and Quantification of Nonvolatile Serum Fatty Acids in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Mice

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 27, 2025

Highly accurate and sensitive measurements of fatty acids (FAs) in biological samples are essential for advancing our understanding their diverse biofunctions. In this work, based on the characteristic isotope pattern iridium (191/193Ir), we employed an iridium-encoded amine (Ir-NH2) as derivatization reagent to establish a selective liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method rapid identification quantification FAs samples. Upon derivatization, nonvolatile were transformed into amide derivatives tagged with charged tag, exhibiting improved sensitivity selectivity electrospray ionization (ESI) positive ion mode. By leveraging unique 2.002 Da mass shift 3:5 peak intensity ratio from natural 191Ir 193Ir isotopes, can rapidly efficiently screen potential carboxyl-containing metabolites Compared other existing methods, technique offers higher sensitivity, better signal-to-noise ratio, lower detection limit (1.2–8.4 pg/mL), easier due clear iridium-tagged derivatives. With method, total 58 FAs, including both saturated unsaturated types, detected mice serum lipid extracts, carbon chain lengths varying C9 C24. More importantly, was successfully global profiling nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), providing novel means detecting them offering new avenues exploring functional roles associations.

Language: Английский

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Mass spectrometry-based single-cell lipidomics: Advancements, challenges, and the path forward

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 169, P. 117350 - 117350

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Language: Английский

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Bioactive fatty acids from non‐conventional lipid sources and their potential application in functional food development

Food Science & Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 5689 - 5700

Published: July 6, 2023

Abstract There is growing evidence that bioactive fatty acids (BFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5–3), docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6–3), and conjugated offer multiple biological benefits constitute ingredients in functional food development. Despite their potential, novel alternative/nonconventional sources with unique properties to meet demand remain largely unexplored, poorly characterized, effects are not well understood. We systematically reviewed the literature identify studies on alternative of BFAs, functions, extraction, application nutraceutical industry. Twenty delved into alternate such as plants, bacteria, algae. Six found EPA DHA dominant FA algal sources, while ten reported several BFAs from plant sources. Five assessed health docosapentaenoic (DPA), arachidonic (ARA), EPA, γ‐linolenic (GLA), linoleic (LA). Eleven compared quality oil recovered by green solvents, pressurized liquid, supercritical fluid, assisted extraction methods. Three methods these approaches improved yield quality, but findings may have limited applicability other lipid The nonconventional lipids depends techniques. Four suggested like 1D 2D NMR spectroscopy, LC‐MS/MS; however, analytical differences make accurate comparison inadequate. incorporation seafood biolipids during product development increased EHA contents.

Language: Английский

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Chemical Characterization and Beneficial Effects of Walnut Oil on a Drosophila melanogaster Model of Parkinson’s Disease

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(17), P. 4190 - 4190

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

A nutritional approach could be a promising strategy to prevent or decrease the progression of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). The neuroprotective role walnut oil (WO) was investigated in Drosophila melanogaster treated with rotenone (Rot), PD model, WO, their combination, and compared controls. WO reduced mortality improved locomotor activity impairment after 3 7 days, induced by Rot. LC-MS analyses fatty acid levels heads showed significant increase linolenic (ALA) linoleic (LA) both flies fed WO-enriched diet those association Flies supplemented an brain dopamine (DA) level, while Rot treatment significantly depleted content; conversely, did not modify DA content greater intake ALA LA enriched enhanced brain, suggesting polyunsaturated acids against Rot-induced neurotoxicity. involvement dopaminergic system improvement behavioral biochemical parameters is also suggested.

Language: Английский

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Novel Isotope-Labeled Derivatization Strategy for the Simultaneous Analysis of Fatty Acids and Fatty Alcohols and Its Application in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies and Pancreatic Cancer

Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 95(21), P. 8197 - 8205

Published: May 16, 2023

Fatty acids (FAs) and fatty alcohols (FOHs) are essential compounds for maintaining life. Due to the inherent poor ionization efficiency, low abundance, complex matrix effect, such metabolites challenging precisely quantify explore deeply. In this study, a pair of novel isotope derivatization reagents known as d0/d5-1-(2-oxo-2-(piperazin-1-yl) ethyl) pyridine-1-ium (d0/d5-OPEPI) were designed synthesized, an in-depth screening strategy FAs FOHs was established based on d0/d5-OPEPI coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS). Using approach, total 332 identified annotated (some reconfirmed by standards). Our results demonstrated that OPEPI labeling could significantly enhance MS response via introduction permanently charged tags. The detection sensitivities increased 200–2345-fold compared nonderivatization method. At same time, FOHs, due absence ionizable functional groups, sensitive achieved utilizing derivatization. One-to-one internal standards provided using d5-OPEPI minimize errors in quantitation. Moreover, method validation showed stable reliable. Finally, successfully applied study FA FOH profiles two heterogeneous severe clinical disease tissues. This would improve our understanding pathological metabolic mechanisms inflammatory myopathies pancreatic cancer also prove generality accuracy developed analytical samples.

Language: Английский

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