Potential therapeutic options for COVID-19: an update on current evidence

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2022

SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, is the agent responsible for COVID-19 pandemic and major public health concern nowadays. The rapid global spread of this coronavirus leads to an increase in hospitalizations thousands deaths many countries. To date, great efforts have been made worldwide efficient management crisis, but there still no effective specific treatment COVID-19. primary therapies treat disease are antivirals, anti-inflammatories respiratory therapy. In addition, antibody currently active essential part SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment. Ongoing trials proposed different therapeutic options including various drugs, convalescent plasma therapy, monoclonal antibodies, immunoglobulin cell present study summarized current evidence these approaches assess their efficacy safety We tried provide comprehensive information about available potential against support researchers physicians any future progress treating patients.

Language: Английский

---

Efficacy and Safety of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent COVID-19 in Frontline Healthcare Workers. A Randomized Clinical Trial

Archives of Medical Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 53(4), P. 423 - 430

Published: April 18, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Small molecules in the treatment of COVID-19

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Abstract The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global crisis, and brought severe disruptions to societies economies. Until now, effective therapeutics against are in high demand. Along with our improved understanding the structure, function, pathogenic process SARS-CoV-2, many small molecules potential anti-COVID-19 effects have been developed. So far, several antiviral strategies were explored. Besides directly inhibition viral proteins such as RdRp M pro , interference host enzymes including ACE2 proteases, blocking relevant immunoregulatory pathways represented by JAK/STAT, BTK, NF-κB, NLRP3 pathways, regarded feasible drug development. development treat achieved strategies, computer-aided lead compound design screening, natural product discovery, repurposing, combination therapy. Several representative remdesivir paxlovid proved or authorized emergency use countries. And candidates entered clinical-trial stage. Nevertheless, due epidemiological features variability issues it is necessary continue exploring novel COVID-19. This review discusses current findings for treatment. Moreover, their detailed mechanism action, chemical structures, preclinical clinical efficacies discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19 Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2134 - 2134

Published: May 20, 2022

The COVID-19 outbreak has rapidly expanded to a global pandemic; however, our knowledge is limited with regards the protective factors against this infection. aim of systematic literature review and meta-analysis was evaluate impact vitamin D supplementation on related outcomes. A search relevant papers published until January 2022 conducted identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) non-randomized studies intervention (NRISs). primary outcomes included risk infection (primary prevention uninfected individuals), hospital admission (secondary mild cases), ICU mortality rate (tertiary hospitalized patients). We identified five (one RCT, four NRISs) prevention, (two RCTs, three secondary 13 (six seven tertiary prevention. Pooled analysis showed no significant effect No possible hospitalization due paucity data. Vitamin significantly associated reduced (RR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.20, 0.62) 0.46, 0.30, 0.70). had infection, whereas it effects in patients.

Language: Английский

---

COVID-19 and vitamin D (Co-VIVID study): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 907 - 913

Published: Jan. 28, 2022

Introduction Vitamin D levels have been reported to be associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and mortality events. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluate the use vitamin intervention on outcomes.Areas covered Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov databases. included RCTs reporting control/placebo group in COVID-19. The study registered at PROSPERO: CRD42021271461.Expert opinion A total 6 551 patients were included. overall collective evidence pooling all outcomes across indicated beneficial (relative risk, RR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.40 0.92, Z 2.33, p 0.02, I2 48%). rates RT-CR positivity significantly decreased as compared non-vitamin groups (RR 0.46, 0.24 0.89, 2.31, 0%). Conclusively, supplemented are more likely demonstrate fewer ICU admission, events, RT-PCR positivity.

Language: Английский

---

High-dose versus standard-dose vitamin D supplementation in older adults with COVID-19 (COVIT-TRIAL): A multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled superiority trial

PLoS Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(5), P. e1003999 - e1003999

Published: May 31, 2022

Background Vitamin D supplementation has been proposed as a treatment for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on experimental data and from small uncontrolled observational studies. The COvid19 VITamin d TRIAL (COVIT-TRIAL) study was conducted to test whether single oral high dose of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) administered within 72 hours after the diagnosis COVID-19 improves, compared standard-dose cholecalciferol, 14-day overall survival among at-risk older adults infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods findings This multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label, superiority trial involved collaboration 9 medical centers in France. Patients admitted hospital units or living nursing homes adjacent investigator were eligible if they ≥65 years, had SARS-CoV-2 infection less than 3 days, at least 1 worsening risk factor (among age ≥75 SpO2 ≤94%, PaO /FiO ≤300 mm Hg). Main noninclusion criteria organ failure requiring ICU, ≤92% despite 5 L/min oxygen, life expectancy <3 months, vitamin >800 IU/day during preceding month, contraindications supplements. Eligible consenting patients randomly allocated either high-dose (400,000 IU) (50,000 under supervision COVID-19. Participants local staff not masked treatment, but Steering Committee Data Safety Monitoring Board randomization group outcome trial. primary mortality. Between April 15 December 17, 2020, 1,207 who assessed eligibility COVIT-TRIAL study, 254 met formed intention-to-treat population. median 88 (IQR, 82 92) 148 (58%) women. Overall, 8 (6%) 127 14 (11%) died days (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.39 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16 0.99], P 0.049, controlling strata [i.e., age, oxygen requirement, hospitalization, use antibiotics, anti-infective drugs, and/or corticosteroids] baseline imbalances important prognostic factors sex, ongoing cancers, profuse diarrhea, delirium baseline]). number needed treat one person benefit (NNTB) 21 [NNTB ∞ harm (NNTH) 46]. Apparent benefits also found mortality due (7 deaths group; adjusted 0.33 CI, 0.12 0.86], 0.02). protective effect administration sustained 28 (19 (15%) (17%) 0.70 0.36 1.36], 0.29). High-dose did result more frequent adverse effects standard dose. open-label design limited power are main limitations study. Conclusions In this randomized controlled (RCT), we observed that early versus D3 improved day 14. no longer days. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04344041 .

Language: Английский

---

Role of vitamin D supplementation in the management of musculoskeletal diseases: update from an European Society of Clinical and Economical Aspects of Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) working group

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 2603 - 2623

Published: Oct. 26, 2022

Abstract Vitamin D is a key component for optimal growth and calcium–phosphate homeostasis. Skin photosynthesis the main source of vitamin D. Limited sun exposure insufficient dietary supply justify supplementation in certain age groups. In older adults, recommended doses vary between 200 2000 IU/day, to achieve goal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin (calcifediol) at least 50 nmol/L. The target level depends on population being supplemented, assessed system, outcome. Several recent large randomized trials with oral regimens varying 100,000 IU/month mostly conducted D-replete healthy individuals have failed detect any efficacy these approaches prevention fracture falls. Considering well-recognized major musculoskeletal disorders associated severe deficiency taking into account possible biphasic effects fall risks, an European Society Clinical Economic Aspects Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis Musculoskeletal Diseases (ESCEO) working group convened, carefully reviewed, analyzed meta-analyses controlled risk, falls or osteoarthritis, came conclusion that 1000 IU daily should be patients increased risk deficiency. also addressed identification possibly benefitting from loading dose early therapeutic calcifediol administration.

Language: Английский

---

A Global Overview of Dietary Supplements: Regulation, Market Trends, Usage during the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Health Effects

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(15), P. 3320 - 3320

Published: July 26, 2023

Over the last 20 years, use of dietary supplements (DS) has continued to grow in many countries. Due public health crisis brought on by COVID-19 pandemic and amidst fears regarding vaccines their low supply regions world, there been a marked interest DS as alternative means protecting against treating this emerging disease, well boosting immune system minimizing risk inflammation. Despite lack evidence suggest efficacy, surge sales reported parts world. Questions have also raised about effects associated with due increased during crisis. Numerous scientific studies demonstrated beneficial properties some adverse even toxic effects. In addition, given current global issue, review is needed establish status before The aim summarize impact incidence pandemic, regulation market trends. First, we provide an overview DS, including comprehensive legislative regulatory aspects USA, China, EU, Algeria. Second, describe prevalence most commonly consumed efficacy prophylactic modality era COVID-19. Additionally, examine structure size countries that predominantly produce import them, its trend, growth. Finally, review, discuss profile users.

Language: Английский

---

Protective Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on COVID-19-Related Intensive Care Hospitalization and Mortality: Definitive Evidence from Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 130 - 130

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic represents one of the world’s most important challenges for global public healthcare. Various studies have found an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19-related outcomes. Vitamin plays a crucial role in immune function inflammation. Recent data suggested protective health purpose this meta-analysis trial sequential analysis (TSA) was to better explain strength supplementation risk mortality admission intensive care units (ICUs) patients with COVID-19. Methods: We searched four databases on 20 September 2022. Two reviewers screened randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessed bias, independently duplicate. pre-specified outcomes interest were ICU admission. Results: identified 78 bibliographic citations. After reviewers’ screening, only five RCTs be suitable our analysis. performed meta-analyses then TSAs. administration results decreased death (standardized mean difference (95% CI): 0.49 (0.34–0.72) 0.28 (0.20–0.39), respectively). TSA showed that, since pooling reached definite sample size, positive is conclusive. that z-curve inside alpha boundaries, indicating need further studies. Discussion: respective TSAs suggest definitive hospitalization.

Language: Английский

---

The Power of Vitamin D: Is the Future in Precision Nutrition through Personalized Supplementation Plans?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1176 - 1176

Published: April 15, 2024

In the last few decades, vitamin D has undeniably been one of most studied nutrients. Despite our ability to produce through sunlight exposure, its presence in several natural food sources and fortified foods, widespread availability as a dietary supplement, deficiency is serious public health problem, affecting nearly 50% global population. Low serum levels are being associated with increased susceptibility numerous conditions, including respiratory infections, mental health, autoimmune diseases, different cancer types. Although association between status well-established, exact beneficial effects still inconclusive indefinite, especially when considering prevention treatment conditions determination an appropriate dosage exert those various population groups. Therefore, further research needed. With constant improvements understanding individual variations metabolism requirements, future, precision nutrition personalized supplementation plans could prove beneficial.

Language: Английский

---