Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target in Alzheimer’s Disease–Comprehensive Review and Recent Developments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(21), P. 13630 - 13630

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a frequent and disabling neurodegenerative disorder, in which astrocytes participate several pathophysiological processes including neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress lipid metabolism (along with critical role apolipoprotein E function). Current evidence shows that have both neuroprotective neurotoxic effects depending on the stage microenvironmental factors. Furthermore, appear to be affected by presence of amyloid-beta (Aβ), alterations calcium levels, gliotransmission proinflammatory activity via RAGE-NF-κB pathway. In addition, play an important tau clearance Aβ through glymphatic system. this review, we will discuss novel pharmacological non-pharmacological treatments focused as therapeutic targets for AD. These interventions include anti-inflammatory/antioxidant systems, glutamate activity, metabolism, neurovascular coupling system, dysregulation, release peptides affects glial neuronal function. According AD stage, these therapies may benefit either preventing or delaying progression disease.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive metabolomic profiling of nutrients in fish and shrimp

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 407, P. 135037 - 135037

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Language: Английский

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Taurine, an essential β-amino acid insulates against ketamine-induced experimental psychosis by enhancement of cholinergic neurotransmission, inhibition of oxidative/nitrergic imbalances, and suppression of COX-2/iNOS immunoreactions in mice

Metabolic Brain Disease, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(8), P. 2807 - 2826

Published: Sept. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

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Functional Role of Taurine in Aging and Cardiovascular Health: An Updated Overview

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(19), P. 4236 - 4236

Published: Sept. 30, 2023

Taurine, a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid, has attracted significant attention in recent years due to its potential health benefits. Found various foods and often used energy drinks supplements, taurine been studied extensively understand impact on human physiology. Determining exact functional roles represents complex multifaceted topic. We provide an overview of the scientific literature present analysis effects aspects health, focusing aging cardiovascular pathophysiology, but also including athletic performance, metabolic regulation, neurological function. Additionally, our report summarizes current recommendations for intake addresses safety concerns. Evidence from both animal studies indicates that may have beneficial effects, blood pressure improved cardiac fitness, enhanced vascular health. Its mechanisms action antioxidant properties make it intriguing candidate anti-aging strategies.

Language: Английский

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Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

Neural Regeneration Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 62 - 68

Published: April 13, 2023

Taurine is a sulfur-containing, semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the body. It alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury various disease models. As part of its limiting functions, taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress, Ca2+ homeostasis, neuronal activity at molecular level. effectively protects against number neurological disorders, including stroke, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, memory dysfunction, spinal cord injury. Although therapies are available, effective management these disorders remains global challenge. Approximately 30 million people affected worldwide. The design formation could lead to potential drugs/supplements for health maintenance treatment central nervous system disorders. general neuroprotective effects possible underlying mechanisms discussed this review. This article good resource understanding on diseases. Given strong evidence neuropharmacological efficacy experimental paradigms, it concluded molecule should be considered further investigated as candidate neurotherapeutics, with emphasis mechanism clinical studies determine efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Efficient Gene Delivery Admitted by small Metabolites Specifically Targeting Astrocytes in the Mouse Brain

Molecular Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(3), P. 1166 - 1179

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Efficacy and Safety of Nutritional Supplements in Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 922 - 922

Published: March 6, 2025

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents one of the major challenges modern medicine, with a growing impact on public health and healthcare systems. In recent years, dietary supplements use has been subject increasing interest as complementary strategy for prevention treatment disease. Materials Methods: A Review reviews was conducted following PRISMA guidelines REAPPRAISED checklist to evaluate efficacy safety supplement in AD. The search, performed across scientific databases, identified 54 relevant articles, including 53 mini-review, after applying specific inclusion criteria removing duplicates. Results: body evidence suggests that some may help reduce cognitive decline, inflammation, target mechanisms behind However, many these are still under investigation, mixed results highlighting need high-quality research. key challenge is lack data optimal dosages, administration duration, long-term safety, which limits clinical guidelines. Some studies have reported positive effects from regimens, such curcumin (800 mg/day), omega-3 fatty acids (2 g/day), resveratrol (600 mg/day). Other supplements, like phosphatidylserine (300 multinutrient formulations, probiotics, vitamin E (2000 IU/day), melatonin (3-10 also show benefits, though study variability makes conclusions uncertain. Conclusions: While certain potential mitigating decline AD, inconsistent findings gaps dosage highlight rigorous, large-scale trials. Future research should focus personalized, multimodal strategies integrating targeted supplementation, patterns, microbiota-gut-brain interactions enhanced neuroprotection.

Language: Английский

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Taurine: a promising nutraceutic in the prevention of retinal degeneration

Neural Regeneration Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. 606 - 610

Published: July 20, 2023

Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it synthesized by most mammals. However, dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for development, maintenance, and function certain tissues. especially important retina. The concentration in retina higher than that any other tissue body deficiency causes retinal oxidative stress, apoptosis, degeneration photoreceptors ganglion cells. Low plasma also underlie humans therefore, administration could exert neuroprotective effects. has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, immunomodulatory, calcium homeostasis-regulatory properties. This review summarizes role health disease, where appears promising nutraceutical.

Language: Английский

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Neural and metabolic dysregulation in PMM2-deficient human in vitro neural models

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(3), P. 113883 - 113883

Published: March 1, 2024

Phosphomannomutase 2-congenital disorder of glycosylation (PMM2-CDG) is a rare inborn error metabolism caused by deficiency the PMM2 enzyme, which leads to impaired protein glycosylation. While presents with primarily neurological symptoms, there limited knowledge about specific brain-related changes deficiency. Here, we demonstrate aberrant neural activity in 2D neuronal networks from PMM2-CDG individuals. Utilizing multi-omics datasets 3D human cortical organoids (hCOs) derived individuals, identify widespread decreases glycosylation, highlighting as key pathological feature PMM2-CDG, well mitochondrial structure and abnormal glucose PMM2-deficient hCOs, indicating disturbances energy metabolism. Correlation between enzymatic hCOs symptom severity suggests that level enzyme function directly influences manifestations. These findings enhance our understanding perturbations associated offering insights into underlying mechanisms potential directions for therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Untargeted metabolomic, and proteomic analysis identifies metabolic biomarkers and pathway alterations in individuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

Metabolomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(2)

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Abstract Introduction The chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is characterized by a well-defined microdeletion and associated with wide range of brain-related phenotypes including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SCZ), autism (ASD), anxiety attention deficit (ADHD). typically deleted region in 22q11.2DS contains multiple genes which haploinsufficiency has the potential altering protein metabolic profiles. Objectives Alteration processes downstream pathways during early brain development may help to explain increased prevalence observed neurodevelopmental 22q11.2DS. However, relatively little known about correlation dysregulated protein/metabolite expression neurobehavioral impairments individuals who developed them over time. Methods In this study, we performed untargeted proteomic analysis plasma samples derived from 30 subjects 16 participants 14 healthy controls (TD) enrolled longitudinal aiming identify signature informing underlying mechanisms involved disease progression. profiles were also compared between without various comorbidities, such as medical involvement, psychiatric conditions, disorder (ASD) detect changes among specimens, collected overtime, aim understand basic Results We large number statistically significant differences metabolites two groups. Among them, levels taurine arachidonic acid significantly lower TD group. addition, identified proteins that showed (adjusted P < 0.05) TD, those 70 gene expression, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway complement system. Within 22q11.2DS, no or conditions observed. Conclusion To our knowledge, first report on profiling identification unique biomarkers These findings suggest role for onset comorbid Ultimately, altered provide insights biological phenotype missing molecular outcome measures future clinical trials assess early-diagnosis treatment efficacy response targeted treatment.

Language: Английский

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