The Role of Ketogenic Diet in the Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 5003 - 5003

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Over a hundred years of study on the favourable effect ketogenic diets in treatment epilepsy have contributed to long-lasting discussion its potential influence other neurological diseases. A significant increase number scientific studies that field has been currently observed. The aim this paper is widespread, thorough analysis available evidence respect role diet therapy diseases such as: epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and migraine. wide range mechanisms action demonstrated diseases, including, among effects, reduction inflammatory conditions amount reactive oxygen species (ROS), restoration myelin sheath neurons, formation regeneration mitochondria, neuronal metabolism, provision an alternative source energy for neurons (ketone bodies), glucose insulin concentrations, amyloid plaques, induction autophagy, alleviation microglia activation, excessive modulation intestinal microbiota, expression genes, dopamine production glutamine conversion into GABA. discussed (including randomised controlled studies), conducted patients, stressed effectiveness promising therapeutic frequent advantage was over non-ketogenic (in control groups) with simultaneous safety feasibility when conducting nutritional model.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Diet as a Modulator of the Inflammatory Process in the Neurological Diseases

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1436 - 1436

Published: March 16, 2023

Neurological diseases are recognized as major causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Due to the dynamic progress such Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Schizophrenia, Depression, Multiple Sclerosis (MD), scientists mobilized look for new more effective methods interventions. A growing body evidence suggests that inflammatory processes an imbalance in composition function gut microbiome, which play a critical role pathogenesis various neurological dietary interventions, Mediterranean diet DASH diet, or ketogenic can have beneficial effects on their course. The aim this review was take closer at its ingredients modulating inflammation associated with development and/or progression central nervous system diseases. Presented data shows consuming abundant fruits, vegetables, nuts, herbs, spices, legumes sources anti-inflammatory elements omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, vitamins, essential minerals, probiotics while avoiding foods promote inflammation, create positive brain environment is reduced risk Personalized nutritional interventions may constitute non-invasive strategy combating disorders.

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration in Animal Models of Seizures and Epilepsy

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 1049 - 1049

Published: May 5, 2023

Free radicals are generated in the brain, as well other organs, and their production is proportional to brain activity. Due its low antioxidant capacity, particularly sensitive free radical damage, which may affect lipids, nucleic acids, proteins. The available evidence clearly points a role for oxidative stress neuronal death pathophysiology of epileptogenesis epilepsy. present review devoted generation some animal models seizures epilepsy consequences stress, such DNA or mitochondrial damage leading neurodegeneration. Additionally, properties antiepileptic (antiseizure) drugs possible use compounds patients with reviewed. In numerous seizure models, concentration was significantly elevated. Some inhibit these effects; example, valproate reduced increase malondialdehyde (a marker lipid peroxidation) induced by electroconvulsions. pentylenetetrazol model, prevented glutathione an peroxidation products. scarce clinical data indicate that antioxidants (melatonin, selenium, vitamin E) be recommended adjuvants drug-resistant

Language: Английский

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Infant gut microbiota colonization: influence of prenatal and postnatal factors, focusing on diet

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Maternal microbiota forms the first infant gut microbial inoculum, and perinatal factors (diet use of antibiotics during pregnancy) and/or neonatal factors, like intra partum antibiotics, gestational age mode delivery, may influence colonization. After birth, when principal colonization occurs, diversity increases converges toward a stable adult-like by end 3–5 years life. However, early life, can be disrupted other postnatal feeding, antibiotic usage, various environmental generating state dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis have been reported to increase risk necrotizing enterocolitis some chronic diseases later in such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, allergies, asthma. Therefore, understanding impact correct maternal-to-infant transfer good maturation throughout life would reduce disease late This paper reviews published evidence on early-life development, well different influencing its evolution before, at, after focusing diet nutrition pregnancy months

Language: Английский

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What Are the Key Gut Microbiota Involved in Neurological Diseases? A Systematic Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(22), P. 13665 - 13665

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

There is a growing body of evidence highlighting there are significant changes in the gut microbiota composition and relative abundance various neurological disorders. We performed systematic review different altered wide range disorders (Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stroke). Fifty-two studies were included representing 5496 patients. At genus level, most frequently involved Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Prevotella. The overlap between pathologies was strongest for MS PD, sharing eight genera (Akkermansia, Butyricicoccus, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus, Dorea, Parabacteroides, Prevotella) PD stroke, six (Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Roseburia). identification signatures overlapping AD, raise question whether these reflect common etiology or rather consequence diseases. interpretation hampered by low number power ALS, stroke with ample opportunity false positive negative findings.

Language: Английский

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The Influence of Ketogenic Diet on Gut Microbiota: Potential Benefits, Risks and Indications

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(17), P. 3680 - 3680

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

The ketogenic diet (KD) restricts carbohydrate consumption, leading to an increase in ketone bodies, such as acetoacetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, and acetone, which are utilized energy substrates. This dietary approach impacts several biochemical processes, resulting improved clinical management of various disorders, particularly childhood. However, the exact mechanisms underlying efficacy KD remain unclear. Interestingly, may also impact gut microbiota, plays a pivotal role metabolism, nutrition, development immune nervous systems. has gained popularity for its potential benefits weight loss, blood sugar control, certain neurological conditions. narrative review sums up KD-related studies published over 30 years. While short-term have provided valuable insights into effects on persistent uncertainties surround long-term inducing dysbiosis. significant influence epigenetic mechanisms, intracellular pathways, microbial composition underscores therapeutic choice. judicious consideration risks associated with strict adherence low-carbohydrate, high-fat, high-protein regimen prolonged periods is imperative. As KDs gain among adolescent young adult demographic management, it becomes imperative undertake additional research comprehensively assess their nutritional status ensuring holistic sustainable medical nutrition.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of Neuroprotection by Ketone Bodies and Ketogenic Diet in Cerebral Ischemia and Neurodegenerative Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 124 - 124

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Ketone bodies (KBs), such as acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, serve crucial alternative energy sources during glucose deficiency. KBs, generated through ketogenesis in the liver, are metabolized into acetyl-CoA extrahepatic tissues, entering tricarboxylic acid cycle electron transport chain for ATP production. Reduced metabolism mitochondrial dysfunction correlate with increased neuronal death brain damage cerebral ischemia neurodegeneration. Both KBs ketogenic diet (KD) demonstrate neuroprotective effects by orchestrating various cellular processes metabolic signaling functions. They enhance function, mitigate oxidative stress apoptosis, regulate epigenetic post-translational modifications of histones non-histone proteins. Additionally, KD contribute to reducing neuroinflammation modulating autophagy, neurotransmission systems, gut microbiome. This review aims explore current understanding molecular mechanisms underpinning against neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease.

Language: Английский

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Probiotics: Comprehensive Exploration of the Growth Promotion Mechanisms in Shrimps

Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

As feed accounts for a significant proportion of farm’s expenditure, animal nutrition is one the key profit determinants. Attributed to size-dependent market value, enhancing shrimps' growth essential maximize profit. Despite not being best option, antibiotics are often used as growth-promoting agents in farming. Although this trend less explicit aquaculture, increasing production yield paramount, especially when intensive aquafarming compromises and increases disease prevalence. However, environmental clinical pitfalls indiscriminate antibiotic usage surfacing. Fortunately, evidence demonstrated probiotics safer, more sustainable, environmental-friendly substitute antibiotics. Nonetheless, most studies observational, growth-promotion mechanisms these yet be elucidated. In light, review aims decipher promotion shrimps based on primary works conducted. Evidently, probiotic treatment modulates gut microbiome composition. The effect partly mediated through bioactive compounds such short-chain fatty acids, vitamins, polyamines. Besides, elevated digestive enzyme activities following introduction may help enhance digestibility utilization. Histological changes at hepatopancreas intestine were evident. Furthermore, reinforce protective strengthen immune function. Treated demonstrate better appetite exhibit superior metabolic growth-related genes profile. Contrasting recognized with helps construct initial framework designing high-quality enhancement farmed animals.

Language: Английский

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Complete remission of depression and anxiety using a ketogenic diet: case series

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: May 14, 2024

Background There is little data that describe the use of ketogenic metabolic therapy to achieve full remission major depression and generalized anxiety disorder in clinical practice. We present a retrospective case series three adults with complex comorbidity, treated personalized therapy, who achieved complete improvements flourishing, self-compassion, health. Methods Three adults, ages 32–36, depression, anxiety, other disorders, comorbid psychiatric conditions were for 12–16 weeks whole food animal-based (1.5:1 ratio) specialized psychiatry Interventions included twice-weekly visits an experienced registered dietitian; daily photo journaling capillary blood BHB/glucose/GKI monitoring; virtual groups; family/friends support; nature walks talks several times per week, community building. Successful adoption diet was defined as achievement maintenance BHB ≥ 0.8 mmol/L GKI < 6. Remission assessed by GAD-7 PHQ-9, quality life subjectively validated scales flourishing self-compassion. Metabolic health laboratories/biometric measures. Results Two patients (PHQ-9 ≤ 4) (GAD-7 within 7 therapeutic nutritional ketosis; one required 12 weeks. Anxiety responded remitted more quickly than depression. Flourishing self-compassion increased steadily. Patients lost 10.9 14.8% their initial body weight improved metabolically; optimal Conclusion Complete occurred 7–12 ketosis during treatment (ratio 1.5:1) engaged program.

Language: Английский

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A Keystone Gut Bacterium Christensenella minuta—A Potential Biotherapeutic Agent for Obesity and Associated Metabolic Diseases

Foods, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 2485 - 2485

Published: June 26, 2023

A new next-generation probiotic,

Language: Английский

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