The Role of Diet and Gut Microbiota in Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 412 - 412

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent form of dementia, is characterized by accumulation amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau tangles. Currently, (AD) impacts 50 million individuals, with projections anticipating an increase to 152 year 2050. Despite increasing global prevalence AD, its underlying pathology remains poorly understood, posing challenges for early diagnosis treatment. Recent research suggests a link between gut dysbiosis aggregation Aβ, development proteins, occurrence neuroinflammation oxidative stress are associated AD. However, investigations into gut–brain axis (GBA) in context AD progression have yielded inconsistent findings. This review aims enhance our understanding microbial diversity at species level role these pathology. Additionally, this addresses influence confounding elements, including diet, probiotics, prebiotics, on throughout different stages (preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), AD) progression.

Language: Английский

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Implications of microbe-derived ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in gut and brain barrier integrity and GABAergic signaling in Alzheimer’s disease

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: July 15, 2024

The gut microbial ecosystem communicates bidirectionally with the brain in what is known as gut-microbiome-brain axis. Bidirectional signaling occurs through several pathways including via vagus nerve, circulation of metabolites, and immune activation. Alterations microbiota are implicated Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. Perturbations communities may affect within axis altered production metabolites ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), primary inhibitory mammalian neurotransmitter. GABA has been shown to act on integrity modulation mucins tight junction proteins be involved nerve signal inhibition. GABAergic pathway dysregulated AD, responsive interventions. Gut recent interest neurological disorders, AD. Bacteroides Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus, predominant producers GABA. This review highlights how temporal alterations associated AD pathway, intestinal barrier integrity, AD-associated inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota in Alzheimer’s disease: Understanding molecular pathways and potential therapeutic perspectives

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 104, P. 102659 - 102659

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics analyses identify gut microbiota-fecal metabolites-brain-cognition pathways in the Alzheimer’s disease continuum

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but our understanding of the molecular and neuropathological bases underlying such association remains fragmentary. Using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging, we examined group differences in gut microbiome, fecal metabolome, neuroimaging measures, cognitive variables across 30 patients with AD, 75 individuals mild impairment (MCI), 61 healthy controls (HC). Furthermore, assessed associations between these multi-omics changes using correlation mediation analyses. There were significant microbial composition, which driven by 8 taxa (e.g., Staphylococcus Bacillus) exhibiting a progressive increase relative abundance from HC MCI 2 Anaerostipes) showing gradual decrease. 26 metabolites Arachidonic, Adrenic, Lithocholic acids) exhibited AD. We also observed gray matter atrophy broadly distributed regions micro-structural integrity damage widespread white tracts along AD continuum. Integration revealed microbiota, metabolites, neuroimaging, cognition. More importantly, identified two potential pathways: (1) → cognition, (2) Aside elucidating mechanism whereby findings may contribute groundwork for future interventions targeting microbiota-metabolites-brain-cognition pathways as therapeutic strategy

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics data reveals aberrant gut microbiota-host glycerophospholipid metabolism in association with neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Numerous studies have described the notable impact of gut microbiota on brain in Alzheimer's disease (AD) via – axis. However, molecular mechanisms underlying involvement development AD are limited. This study aimed to explore potential by integrating multi-omics data. In this study, APP/PS1 and WT mice at nine months age were used as mouse model. Cognitive function was assessed using Morris water maze test. The levels Aβ plaque neuroinflammation detected immunofluorescence PET/CT. addition, we not only 16S rRNA gene sequencing metabolomics variation characteristics serum metabolism abundance, but also combined spatial transcriptomics change identify their correlation. showed significant cognitive impairment amyloid-β deposits brain. abundance significantly changed mice, including decreased Desulfoviobrio, Enterococcus, Turicibacter, Ruminococcus increased Pseudomonas. integration untargeted that glycerophospholipid a common alteration pathway mice. Significant proliferation activation astrocyte microglia observed accompanied alterations immune pathways. Integration analysis fecal transplantation (FMT) intervention revealed association microbiota, host metabolism,

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Composition in Patients with Neurodegenerative Disorders (Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s) and Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(20), P. 4365 - 4365

Published: Oct. 13, 2023

This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current literature regarding gut microbiota composition in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s (AD) compared healthy controls. To identify relevant studies, thorough search PubMed, Medline, Embase was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Out 5627 articles, 73 studies were assessed for full-text eligibility, which led inclusion 42 (26 PD 16 AD studies). The risk bias assessment showed medium 32 (20 12 studies), low 9 (5 4 1 study high risk. Among 22 out 26 reported different between cases controls, 15 differences consistently identified phyla Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria as prevalent both groups case groups. Microbial dysbiosis specifically characterized by abundance Akkermansia, Verrucomicrobiaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae Blautia, Coprococcus, Prevotellaceae, Roseburia Similarly, Bacteroides Acidobacteriota abundant cases, Acidaminococcaceae, Ruminiclostridium microbial signature association several taxa, including Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcacea, Verrucomicrobia Ruminococcaceae, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria AD. diversity evaluations indicated comparable alpha some distinct others, consistent beta controls across multiple studies. bacterial signatures this that are associated may offer promising prospects efficient management treatment approaches.

Language: Английский

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Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment: The Search for a Breakthrough

Medicina, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 59(6), P. 1084 - 1084

Published: June 4, 2023

As the search for modalities to cure Alzheimer's disease (AD) has made slow progress, research now turned innovative pathways involving neural and peripheral inflammation neuro-regeneration. Widely used AD treatments provide only symptomatic relief without changing course. The recently FDA-approved anti-amyloid drugs, aducanumab lecanemab, have demonstrated unclear real-world efficacy with a substantial side effect profile. Interest is growing in targeting early stages of before irreversible pathologic changes so that cognitive function neuronal viability can be preserved. Neuroinflammation fundamental feature involves complex relationships among cerebral immune cells pro-inflammatory cytokines, which could altered pharmacologically by therapy. Here, we an overview manipulations attempted pre-clinical experiments. These include inhibition microglial receptors, attenuation enhancement toxin-clearing autophagy. In addition, modulation microbiome-brain-gut axis, dietary changes, increased mental physical exercise are under evaluation as ways optimize brain health. scientific medical communities work together, new solutions may on horizon or halt progression.

Language: Английский

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Chemotherapy-induced gut microbiome disruption, inflammation, and cognitive decline in female patients with breast cancer

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 120, P. 208 - 220

Published: May 31, 2024

Language: Английский

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Dementia, infections and vaccines: 30 years of controversy

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. 1145 - 1160

Published: May 9, 2023

Abstract This paper reports the proceedings of a virtual meeting convened by European Interdisciplinary Council on Ageing (EICA), to discuss involvement infectious disorders in pathogenesis dementia and neurological leading dementia. We recap how our view etiology has changed over last 30 years light emerging evidence, we present evidence support implication infection dementia, notably Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The bacteria viruses thought be responsible for neuroinflammation damage are reviewed. then review genetic basis highlighting genes that currently focus investigation as potential targets therapy. Next, describe antimicrobial hypothesis intriguing possibility amyloid beta may itself possess properties. further clinical relevance gut–brain axis mechanisms which can move from intestine brain, recent findings regarding dysbiosis patterns patients with AD. specific pathogens disorders, i.e. SARS-CoV-2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1), influenza. Finally, look at role vaccination prevent In conclusion, there is large body supporting various but large-scale studies long-term follow-up needed elucidate play, especially before subclinical or present.

Language: Английский

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Fecal microbiota transplantation inhibited neuroinflammation of traumatic brain injury in mice via regulating the gut–brain axis

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Recent studies have highlighted the vital role of gut microbiota in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Fecal transplantation (FMT) is an effective means regulating microbiota-gut-brain axis, while beneficial effect and potential mechanisms FMT against TBI remain unclear. Here, we elucidated anti-neuroinflammatory possible mechanism mice via axis.The mouse model was established by heavy object falling impact then treated with FMT. The neurological deficits, neuropathological change, synaptic damage, microglia activation, neuroinflammatory cytokine production were assessed, intestinal pathological change composition also evaluated. Moreover, population Treg cells spleen measured.Our results showed that treatment significantly alleviated deficits changes improved damage increasing levels plasticity-related protein such as postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) synapsin I model. could inhibit activation reduce inflammatory TNF-α, alleviating response mice. Meanwhile, attenuate histopathologic dysbiosis increase cell mice.These findings effectively suppressed TBI-induced neuroinflammation its involved regulation peripheral immune cells, which implied a novel strategy TBI.

Language: Английский

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