Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
8, P. 181 - 195
Published: Feb. 3, 2025
Currently,
demographic
aging
of
the
population
continues,
and
frequency
various
age-associated
pathologies
is
increasing.
Sarcopenia
cognitive
impairment
are
often
found
in
patients
older
age
groups,
leading
to
development
frailty,
decreased
quality
life,
disability
premature
death.
There
an
association
between
sarcopenia,
frailty
impairment.
Cognitive
physical
interrelated:
problems
dementia
more
common
people
with
likely
become
frail.
Both
decline
share
pathogenesis
mechanisms.
The
role
mediators
muscle
origin
(myokines)
occurrence
cross-talk
muscles
brain
known.
Sufficient
activity
plays
important
maintaining
not
only
skeletal
muscles,
but
also
functions.
On
contrary,
inactivity
one
most
risk
factors
for
dementia.
However,
relationship
sarcopenia
underlying
mechanisms
remain
be
addressed.
This
focus
this
literature
review.
Clinical Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
137(22), P. 1721 - 1751
Published: Nov. 1, 2023
Abstract
Ageing
is
a
complex
biological
process
associated
with
increased
morbidity
and
mortality.
Nine
classic,
interdependent
hallmarks
of
ageing
have
been
proposed
involving
genetic
biochemical
pathways
that
collectively
influence
trajectories
susceptibility
to
pathology
in
humans.
skeletal
muscle
undergoes
profound
morphological
physiological
changes
loss
strength,
mass,
function,
condition
known
as
sarcopenia.
The
aetiology
sarcopenia
whilst
research
this
area
growing
rapidly,
there
relative
paucity
human
studies,
particularly
older
women.
Here,
we
evaluate
how
the
nine
classic
ageing:
genomic
instability,
telomere
attrition,
epigenetic
alterations,
proteostasis,
deregulated
nutrient
sensing,
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
cellular
senescence,
stem
cell
exhaustion,
altered
intercellular
communication
contribute
pathophysiology
We
also
highlight
five
novel
particular
significance
inflammation,
neural
extracellular
matrix
reduced
vascular
perfusion,
ionic
dyshomeostasis,
discuss
are
interconnected.
Their
clinical
relevance
translational
potential
considered.
Degenerative Neurological and Neuromuscular Disease,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 13, P. 111 - 129
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Abstract:
Obesity
is
increasing
in
prevalence
across
all
age
groups.
Long-term
obesity
can
lead
to
the
development
of
metabolic
and
cardiovascular
diseases
through
its
effects
on
adipose,
skeletal
muscle,
liver
tissue.
Pathological
mechanisms
associated
with
include
immune
response
inflammation
as
well
oxidative
stress
consequent
endothelial
mitochondrial
dysfunction.
Recent
evidence
links
diminished
brain
health
neurodegenerative
such
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
Parkinson's
(PD).
Both
AD
PD
are
insulin
resistance,
an
underlying
syndrome
obesity.
Despite
these
links,
causative
mechanism(s)
resulting
remain
unclear.
This
review
discusses
relationships
between
obesity,
AD,
PD,
including
clinical
preclinical
findings.
The
then
briefly
explores
nonpharmacological
directions
for
intervention.
Keywords:
metabolism,
Alzheimer's,
Parkinson's,
neurodegeneration
Brain Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
6(2)
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Abstract
Sarcopenia
refers
to
age-related
loss
of
muscle
mass
and
function
is
related
impaired
somatic
brain
health,
including
cognitive
decline
Alzheimer’s
disease.
However,
the
relationships
between
sarcopenia,
structure
cognition
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
investigate
associations
sarcopenic
traits,
performance.
We
included
33
709
UK
Biobank
participants
(54.2%
female;
age
range
44–82
years)
with
structural
diffusion
magnetic
resonance
imaging,
thigh
fat
infiltration
(n
=
30
561)
from
whole-body
imaging
(muscle
quality
indicator)
general
performance
as
indicated
by
first
principal
component
a
analysis
across
multiple
tests
22
530).
Of
these,
1703
qualified
for
probable
sarcopenia
based
on
low
handgrip
strength,
assigned
remaining
32
006
non-sarcopenia
group.
used
linear
regression
test
how
traits
(probable
versus
percentage
infiltration)
relate
(cortical
thickness
area,
white
matter
fractional
anisotropy
deep
lower
volumes).
Next,
equation
modelling
whether
mediated
association
traits.
adjusted
all
statistical
analyses
confounders.
show
that
significantly
associated
various
measures.
In
regions,
observed
widespread
significant
(77.1%
tracts),
predominantly
regional
volumes
(61.3%
volumes)
thinner
cortical
(37.9%
parcellations),
|r|
effect
sizes
in
(0.02,
0.06)
P-values
(0.0002,
4.2e−29).
contrast,
higher
(76.5%
(62.5%
tracts)
(35.5%
volumes),
0.07)
1.9e−31).
The
regions
showing
most
cortex,
were
sensorimotor
system.
Structural
revealed
mediate
link
[probable
sarcopenia:
(0.0001,
1.0e−11);
infiltration:
(7.7e−05,
1.7e−12)].
Our
findings
middle-aged
older
adult
population.
Mediation
suggest
mediates
potential
implications
dementia
development
prevention.
The
triad
of
vascular
impairment,
muscle
atrophy,
and
cognitive
decline
represents
critical
age-related
conditions
that
significantly
impact
health.
Vascular
impairment
disrupts
blood
flow,
precipitating
mass
reduction
seen
in
sarcopenia
the
neuronal
functions
characteristic
neurodegeneration.
Our
limited
understanding
intricate
relationships
within
this
hinders
accurate
diagnosis
effective
treatment
strategies.
This
review
ana-lyzes
interrelated
mechanisms
contribute
to
these
conditions,
with
a
specific
focus
on
ox-idative
stress,
chronic
inflammation,
impaired
nutrient
delivery.
aim
is
understand
common
pathways
involved
suggest
comprehensive
therapeutic
approaches.
dysfunctions
hinder
circulation
transportation
nutrients,
resulting
sar-copenia
characterized
by
atrophy
weakness.
dysfunction
have
negative
physical
function
quality
life.
Neurodegenerative
diseases
exhibit
comparable
pathophysiological
affect
motor
functions.
Preventive
approaches
encompass
lifestyle
adjustments,
addressing
oxidative
in-flammation,
integrated
therapies
improving
muscular
well-being.
Better
links
can
refine
strategies
yield
better
patient
out-comes.
study
emphasizes
complex
interplay
between
dysfunction,
de-generation,
decline,
highlighting
necessity
for
multidisciplinary
ap-proaches.
Advances
domain
promise
improved
diagnostic
accuracy,
more
thera-peutic
options,
enhanced
preventive
measures,
all
contributing
higher
life
elderly
population.
Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(9), P. 719 - 719
Published: Sept. 12, 2024
Neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs),
like
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
and
Parkinson's
(PD),
primarily
affect
the
central
nervous
system,
leading
to
progressive
neuronal
loss
motor
cognitive
dysfunction.
However,
recent
studies
have
revealed
that
muscle
tissue
also
plays
a
significant
role
in
these
diseases.
ALS
is
characterized
by
severe
wasting
as
result
of
neuron
degeneration,
well
alterations
gene
expression,
protein
aggregation,
oxidative
stress.
Muscle
atrophy
mitochondrial
dysfunction
are
observed
AD,
which
may
exacerbate
decline
due
systemic
metabolic
dysregulation.
PD
patients
exhibit
fiber
atrophy,
altered
composition,
α-synuclein
aggregation
within
cells,
contributing
symptoms
progression.
Systemic
inflammation
impaired
degradation
pathways
common
among
disorders,
highlighting
key
player
Understanding
muscle-related
changes
offers
potential
therapeutic
avenues,
such
targeting
function,
reducing
inflammation,
promoting
regeneration
with
exercise
pharmacological
interventions.
This
review
emphasizes
importance
considering
an
integrative
approach
neurodegenerative
research,
both
peripheral
pathological
mechanisms,
order
develop
more
effective
treatments
improve
patient
outcomes.
Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
40, P. 100838 - 100838
Published: Aug. 3, 2024
Skeletal
muscle
has
been
recognized
as
an
endocrine
organ
which
communicates
with
different
systems,
including
the
brain.
In
conditions
involving
systemic
low-grade
chronic
inflammation,
skeletal
can
be
negatively
impacted,
culminating
in
its
quantity
(mass)
and
quality
(function)
losses,
referred
to
here
wasting.
The
inflammatory
milieu,
well
known,
also
impairs
brain
function,
however
there
are
some
particularities
muscle-brain
crosstalk,
cognitive
function
mental
health
impairments.
Psychoneuroimmunology
(PNI)
is
important
field
of
neuroendocrine-immune-behavior
science
approach
between
PNI,
movement
science,
or
kinesiology,
enrich
future
research
about
relationship
wasting
health.
Thus,
this
short
review,
we
present
overview
interplay
muscle,
mediator
markers,
purpose
strengthen
ties
kinesiology
PNI
enhance
futures
discoveries
advances
sciences.
PLoS ONE,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(1), P. e0291702 - e0291702
Published: Jan. 29, 2024
Background
Sarcopenia
is
common
in
older
adults
worldwide,
but
its
prevalence
varies
widely
owing
to
differences
diagnostic
criteria,
population
sampled,
and
care
setting.
We
aimed
determine
the
factors
associated
with
sarcopenia
patients
aged
65
above
admitted
a
post-acute
hospital
Singapore.
Methods
This
was
cross-sectional
study
of
400
recruited
from
community
Data
including
socio-demographics,
physical
activity,
nutritional
status,
cognition,
clinical
functional
as
well
anthropometric
measurements
were
collected.
defined
using
Asian
Working
Group
for
2019
criteria
[AWGS2019].
Results
Of
383
complete
datasets,
overall
54%
while
severe
38.9%.
Participants
increased
age,
male
gender
low
activity
level
more
likely
be
sarcopenic,
those
higher
hip
circumference
BMI
≥27.5m/kg2
less
sarcopenic.
Other
than
above-mentioned
variables,
cognitive
impairment
also
sarcopenia.
Conclusions
More
1
2
Singapore
are
There
an
urgent
need
address
this
important
syndrome
burden
identify
at
risk
settings
early
intervention.
