Polymers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(4), P. 1022 - 1022
Published: Feb. 18, 2023
Biocompatible
and
conductive
polymer
hydrogels
are
the
subject
of
intensive
research
in
bioengineering
field
because
their
use
bioelectronic
devices
for
fabrication
electro-responsive
tissues
drug
delivery
systems.
In
this
study,
we
report
synthesis
composite
consisting
a
poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
(PNIPAM)
matrix
embedding
carboxyl-functionalized
multi-walled
carbon
nanotubes
(MWCNT-COOH)
using
two-step
photopolymerization
method.
Thermo-responsive
with
controlled
hydrophilicity
conductivity
were
prepared
by
varying
nanotube
concentration
range
0.5–3
wt%.
The
thermal
response
PNIPAM-based
was
measured
differential
scanning
calorimetry
both
ultrapure
water
PBS
solution
as
swelling
liquid.
Results
show
that
endothermic
peak
associated
temperature-induced
volume
phase
transition
(VPT)
shifts
to
higher
temperatures
upon
increasing
nanotubes,
indicating
more
energy
is
required
dissociate
hydrogen
bonds
polymer/filler
network.
solution,
ratios
VPT
reduced
salt-induced
screening
oppositely
charged
assembly,
electrical
resistivity
decreases
factor
10
respect
water-swollen
hydrogels.
Microsystems & Nanoengineering,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Sept. 3, 2021
Abstract
Microneedle
patches
have
received
much
interest
in
the
last
two
decades
as
drug/vaccine
delivery
or
fluid
sampling
systems
for
diagnostic
and
monitoring
purposes.
Microneedles
are
manufactured
using
a
variety
of
additive
subtractive
micromanufacturing
techniques.
In
decade,
attention
has
been
paid
to
manufacturing
techniques
both
research
industry,
such
3D
printing,
fused
deposition
modeling,
inkjet
two-photon
polymerization
(2PP),
with
2PP
being
most
flexible
method
fabrication
microneedle
arrays.
is
one
versatile
precise
processes,
which
enables
arbitrary
three-dimensional
(3D)
prototypes
directly
from
computer-aided-design
(CAD)
models
resolution
down
100
nm.
Due
its
unprecedented
flexibility
high
spatial
resolution,
use
this
technology
widespread
bio-microdevices
bio-nanodevices
microneedles
microfluidic
devices.
This
pioneering
transformative
that
facilitates
complex
miniaturized
structures
cannot
be
fabricated
established
multistep
methods
injection
molding,
photolithography,
etching.
Thus,
microstructures
designed
according
structural
dynamics
considerations
rather
than
constraints
imposed
by
machining
etching
processes.
article
presents
fundamentals
recent
development
array
through
unique
manufacture
microstructures,
may
overcome
shortcomings
conventional
International Journal of Pharmaceutics X,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
5, P. 100159 - 100159
Published: Jan. 3, 2023
Three-dimensional
(3D)
printing
or
Additive
Manufacturing
(AM)
technology
is
an
innovative
tool
with
great
potential
and
diverse
applications
in
various
fields.
As
3D
has
been
burgeoning
recent
times,
a
tremendous
transformation
can
be
envisaged
medical
care,
especially
the
manufacturing
procedures
leading
to
personalized
medicine.
Stereolithography
(SLA),
vat-photopolymerization
technique,
that
uses
laser
beam,
known
for
its
ability
fabricate
complex
structures
ranging
from
micron-size
needles
life-size
organs,
because
of
high
resolution,
precision,
accuracy,
speed.
This
review
presents
glimpse
varied
techniques,
mainly
expounding
SLA
terms
materials
used,
orientation
printing,
working
mechanisms.
The
previous
works
focused
on
developing
pharmaceutical
dosage
forms,
drug-eluting
devices,
tissue
scaffolds
are
presented
this
paper,
followed
by
challenges
associated
industrial
regulatory
perspective.
Due
excellent
advantages,
could
transform
conventional
"one
dose
fits
all"
concept
bring
digitalized
patient-centric
medication
into
reality.
Macromolecular Rapid Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
43(14)
Published: May 17, 2022
3D
printing
has
revolutionized
the
way
of
manufacturing
with
a
huge
impact
on
various
fields,
in
particular
biomedicine.
Vat
photopolymerization-based
techniques
such
as
stereolithography
(SLA)
and
digital
light
processing
(DLP)
attract
considerable
attention
owing
to
their
superior
print
resolution,
relatively
high
speed,
low
cost,
flexibility
resin
material
design.
As
one
key
element
SLA/DLP
resin,
photoinitiators
or
photoinitiating
systems
have
experienced
significant
development
recent
years,
parallel
exploration
(macro)monomers.
The
design
new
cannot
only
offer
faster
speed
enable
low-energy
visible
fabrication,
but
also
can
bring
functions
printed
products
even
generate
methods
combination
advanced
optics.
This
review
evaluates
trends
application
for
vat
photopolymerization
printing,
wide
range
small
molecules,
polymers,
nanoassemblies
involved.
Personal
perspectives
current
limitations
future
directions
are
eventually
provided.
ACS Applied Bio Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 21, 2024
A
major
challenge
in
tissue
engineering
scaffolds
is
controlling
scaffold
degradation
rates
during
healing
while
maintaining
mechanical
properties
to
support
formation.
Hydrogels
are
three-dimensional
matrices
that
widely
applied
as
based
on
their
unique
can
mimic
the
extracellular
matrix.
In
this
study,
we
develop
a
hybrid
natural/synthetic
hydrogel
platform
tune
for
applications.
We
modified
chitosan
and
poly(vinyl
alcohol)
(PVA)
with
photo-cross-linkable
methacrylate
functional
groups
then
synthesized
library
of
PVA
hydrogels
(ChiPVAMA)
two
different
photoinitiators,
Irgacure
2959
(I2959)
lithium
phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate
(LAP).
ChiPVAMA
showed
tunability
both
polymer
content
photoinitiator
type.
This
could
enable
application
range
2D
scratch
wound
assay,
all
samples
induced
faster
closure
compared
gauze
clinical
dressing
control.
NIH/3T3
cells
encapsulated
high
viability
(∼92%)
over
14
days,
demonstrating
capacity
system
supportive
cell
scaffold.
addition,
containing
higher
demonstrated
antibacterial
capacity.
Overall,
provide
potential
tunable,
degradable,
suitable
growth.
Nanotechnology Reviews,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
9(1), P. 1118 - 1136
Published: Jan. 1, 2020
Abstract
Micro/nano-fabrication
technology
via
two-photon
polymerization
(TPP)
nanolithography
is
a
powerful
and
useful
manufacturing
tool
that
capable
of
generating
two
dimensional
(2D)
to
three
(3D)
arbitrary
micro/nano-structures
various
materials
with
high
spatial
resolution.
This
has
received
tremendous
interest
in
cell
tissue
engineering
medical
microdevices
because
its
remarkable
fabrication
capability
for
sophisticated
structures
from
macro-
nano-scale,
which
are
difficult
be
achieved
by
traditional
methods
limited
microarchitecture
controllability.
To
fabricate
precisely
designed
3D
biomedical
applications
TPP
nanolithography,
the
use
photoinitiators
(PIs)
photoresists
needs
considered
comprehensively
systematically.
In
this
review,
widely
used
commercially
available
PIs
first
discussed,
followed
elucidating
synthesis
strategies
water-soluble
initiators
applications.
addition
conventional
photoresists,
distinctive
properties
customized
stimulus-responsive
discussed.
Finally,
current
limitations
challenges
material
aspects
an
outlook
future
prospects
based
on
different
biocompatible
photosensitive
composites
discussed
comprehensively.
all,
review
provides
basic
understanding
important
roles
fabricating
high-precision
wide
range
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Dec. 2, 2021
Gelatin
methacryloyl
(GelMA)
is
one
of
the
most
widely
used
photo-crosslinkable
biopolymers
in
tissue
engineering.
In
presence
an
appropriate
photoinitiator,
light
activation
triggers
crosslinking
process,
which
provides
shape
fidelity
and
stability
at
physiological
temperature.
Although
ultraviolet
(UV)
has
been
extensively
explored
for
photo-crosslinking,
its
application
linked
to
numerous
biosafety
concerns,
originated
from
UV
phototoxicity.
Eosin
Y,
combination
with
TEOA
VC,
a
biosafe
photoinitiation
system
that
can
be
activated
via
visible
instead
bypasses
those
concerns;
however,
needs
fine-tuning
optimization.
order
systematically
optimize
conditions,
we
herein
independently
varied
concentrations
Y
[(EY)],
triethanolamine
(TEOA),
vinyl
caprolactam
(VC),
GelMA
precursor,
times
assessed
effect
parameters
on
properties
hydrogel.
Our
data
showed
except
EY,
exhibited
optimal
concentration
(~
0.05
mM),
increasing
[TEOA],
[VA],
[GelMA],
or
time
improved
mechanical
(tensile
strength/modulus
compressive
modulus),
adhesion
(lap
shear
strength),
swelling,
biodegradation
However,
reagents
([TEOA],
[GelMA])
reduced
cell
viability
3-dimensional
(3D)
culture.
This
study
enabled
us
conditions
improve
hydrogel
generate
library
hydrogels
defined
essential
different
biomedical
applications.