A spatial measure-valued model for radiation-induced DNA damage kinetics and repair under protracted irradiation condition

Journal of Mathematical Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88(2)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

In the present work, we develop a general spatial stochastic model to describe formation and repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. The is described mathematically as measure-valued particle-based system extends in several directions developed Cordoni et al. (Phys Rev E 103:012412, 2021; Int J Radiat Biol 1-16, 2022a; Res 197:218-232, 2022b). this new formulation, damage cell nucleus can undergo different pathways either or lead inactivation. main novelty work rigorously define that considers pairwise interaction lesions continuous protracted irradiation. former relevant from biological point view clustered are less likely be repaired, leading latter instead describes effects radiation field on tissue. We prove existence uniqueness solution above systems, characterizing its probabilistic properties. further couple describing set reaction-diffusion equations with random discontinuity chemical environment. At last, study large limit process. applied contexts, radiotherapy space radioprotection being most relevant. Further, biochemical derived play crucial role understanding an extremely promising novel treatment modality, named community FLASH radiotherapy, whose mechanism today largely unknown.

Language: Английский

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Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) Trigger Cell Death and Senescence in Cancer Cells

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

The currently available anti-cancer therapies, such as gamma-radiation and chemotherapeutic agents, induce cell death cellular senescence not only in cancer cells but also the adjacent normal tissue. New anti-tumor approaches focus on limiting side effects cells. In this frame, potential properties of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) through irradiation breast epithelial (MCF-7 MDA-MB-231) fibroblasts (FF95) were investigated. PEMFs had a frequency 8 Hz, full-square wave type, magnetic flux density 0.011 T applied twice daily for 5 days. Data collected showcases that PEMF application decreases proliferation rate viability while having opposite effect fibroblasts. Moreover, induced without any non-cancerous These findings suggest novel, non-invasive strategy combination with senolytic drugs, to eliminate both remaining senescent simultaneously avoiding current treatments.

Language: Английский

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Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) Trigger Cell Death and Senescence in Cancer Cells

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2473 - 2473

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

The currently available anti-cancer therapies, such as gamma-radiation and chemotherapeutic agents, induce cell death cellular senescence not only in cancer cells but also the adjacent normal tissue. New anti-tumor approaches focus on limiting side effects cells. In this frame, potential properties of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields (PEMFs) through irradiation breast epithelial (MCF-7 MDA-MB-231) fibroblasts (FF95) were investigated. PEMFs had a frequency 8 Hz, full-square wave type magnetic flux density 0.011 T applied twice daily for 5 days. data collected showcase that PEMF application decreases proliferation rate viability while having opposite effect fibroblasts. Moreover, induces without any non-cancerous These findings suggest novel, non-invasive strategy that, when combined with senolytic drugs, may eliminate both remaining senescent cells, simultaneously avoiding current treatments.

Language: Английский

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Exploring Extravasation in Cancer Patients

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(13), P. 2308 - 2308

Published: June 24, 2024

Extravasation, the unintended leakage of intravenously administered substances, poses significant challenges in cancer treatment, particularly during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This comprehensive review explores pathophysiology, incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis, prevention strategies, management approaches, complications, long-term effects extravasation patients. It also outlines future directions research opportunities, including identifying gaps current knowledge proposing areas for further investigation management. Emerging technologies therapies with potential to improve both radiotherapy are highlighted. Such innovations include advanced vein visualization technologies, smart catheters, targeted drug delivery systems, novel topical treatments, artificial intelligence-based image analysis. By addressing these aspects, this not only provides healthcare professionals insights enhance patient safety optimize practice but underscores importance ongoing innovation improving outcomes patients experiencing events.

Language: Английский

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Projected Lifetime Cancer Risks From Current Computed Tomography Imaging

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

Importance Approximately 93 million computed tomography (CT) examinations are performed on 62 patients annually in the United States, and ionizing radiation from CT is a known carcinogen. Objective To project number of future lifetime cancers US population associated with imaging 2023. Design, Setting, Participants This risk model used multicenter sample prospectively assembled between January 2018 December 2020 University California San Francisco International Dose Registry. Data analysis was conducted October 2023 to 2024. Main Outcomes Measures Distributions organ-specific doses were estimated by patient age, sex, category scaled based 2023, quantified IMV national survey. Lifetime radiation-induced cancer incidence 90% uncertainty limits (UL) using National Cancer Institute software Research Council’s Biological Effects Ionizing Radiation VII models projected examination counts. Results An 61 510 000 underwent including 2 570 (4.2%) children, 58 940 (95.8%) adults, 32 600 (53.0%) female patients, 28 910 (47.0%) male patients. 103 (90% UL, 96 400-109 500) result these examinations. Estimated risks higher children adolescents, yet utilization adults accounted for most (93 000; 86 900-99 [91%]) cancers. The common lung (22 400 cases; 20 200-25 cases), colon (8700 7800-9700 leukemia (7900 6700-9500 bladder (7100 cases, 6000-8500 cases) overall, while breast second (5700 5000-6500 cases). largest abdomen pelvis reflecting 37 500 (37%) 30 (32%), followed chest (21 [21%]; [21%]). Estimates remained large over variety sensitivity analyses, which resulted range 80 127 across analyses. Conclusions Relevance study found that at current dose levels, approximately course exposed If practices persist, CT-associated could eventually account 5% all new diagnoses annually.

Language: Английский

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Gamma knife versus linear accelerator thalamotomy for essential tremor and Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 133, P. 111050 - 111050

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Preparation and characterization of rubber-lead nanocomposite material as a protective shield against cobalt gamma radiation

Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 239 - 252

Published: March 1, 2025

The current study investigates the potential of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposite reinforced with nano-lead (N-Pb) as a protective shield against gamma radiation emitted from Cobalt-60 (Co-60) source. influence varying N-Pb concentrations (50–300 parts per hundred rubber, pphr) on structural, morphological, and radiation-shielding characteristics was investigated. characterized using several analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). results demonstrate that increasing concentration leads to enhanced crystallinity, improved homogeneity, significantly shielding capabilities material. Notably, exhibited substantial decrease in count rate (31.9% reduction 300 pphr N-Pb), mean free path (81% decrease), half-value layer (77% tenth-value (87% decrease) content increased. These findings highlight promising SBR-N-Pb nanocomposites cost-effective efficient material for various applications.

Language: Английский

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Ionizing Radiation, Antioxidant Response and Oxidative Damage: Radiomodulators

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1219 - 1219

Published: June 5, 2023

Ionizing radiation (IR) is the energy released by atoms in form of electromagnetic waves (e [...].

Language: Английский

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Condensed DNA incorporating mercaptoundecahydro-closo-dodecaborate (BSH) coated gold nanoparticles as a model system for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT)

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 223, P. 111905 - 111905

Published: June 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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X-ray radiation-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in human epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayers

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 264, P. 115404 - 115404

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Radiation therapy and unwanted radiological or nuclear exposure, such as plant accidents, terrorist attacks, military conflicts, pose serious health issues to humans. Dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier leakage luminal antigens bacteria across have been linked various human diseases. Intestinal permeability is regulated by intercellular structures, termed tight junctions (TJs), which are disrupted after radiation exposure. In this study, we investigated radiation-induced alterations in TJ-related proteins an cell model. Caco-2 cells were irradiated with 2, 5, 10 Gy harvested 1 24 h X-ray The trypan blue assay revealed that viability was reduced a dose-dependent manner exposure compared non-irradiated cells. However, WST-8 proliferation significantly only addition, decreased growth rate increased doubling time observed X-rays. increased, transepithelial electrical resistance values remarkably monolayers X-rays irradiation mRNA protein levels ZO-1, occludin, claudin-3, claudin-4, ZO-1 claudin-3 decreasing manner. Overall, present study reveals induces dysfunction integrity via downregulation genes, may be key factor contributing damage permeability.

Language: Английский

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