Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination and Prevention of Symptomatic Infection in Infants

PEDIATRICS, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 153(3)

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Maternal vaccination may prevent infant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to quantify protection against infection from maternally derived vaccine-induced antibodies in the first 6 months of an infant’s life. METHODS Infants born mothers vaccinated during pregnancy with 2 or 3 doses a messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine (nonboosted boosted, respectively) had full-length spike (Spike) immunoglobulin G (IgG), pseudovirus 614D, and live virus D614G, omicron BA.1 BA.5 neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers measured at delivery. Infant severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) was determined by verified maternal-report laboratory confirmation through prospective follow-up age between December 2021 July 2022. The risk reduction for dose group titer level estimated separate models. RESULTS boosted (n = 204) significantly higher Spike IgG, pseudovirus, nAb delivery than infants nonboosted 271), were 56% less likely acquire (P .03). Irrespective boost, each 10-fold increase IgG delivery, acquiring reduced 47% (95% confidence interval 8%–70%; P .02). Similarly, Wuhan Spike, associated 30%, 46%, 56%, 60% reduction, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Higher transplacental binding substantially SARS-CoV-2 infants, booster amplified period predominance. Until are age-eligible vaccination, maternal provides passive symptomatic early infancy.

Language: Английский

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Safety and Efficacy of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA Vaccines During Lactation

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

In this review, we summarize the data on safety and side-effect profile of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines during lactation to date, review what is known about mRNA vaccine components in breast milk, discuss efficacy COVID-19 providing immune protection for breastfeeding infant. The Centers Disease Control Prevention American College Obstetricians Gynecologists recommend that lactating individuals receive stay up date booster doses, including bivalent booster. lack serious side effects mothers or infants across numerous large studies registries vaccination pregnancy reassuring. Although small quantities may be transiently detectable milk after maternal vaccination, there are no demonstrating can survive infant gastrointestinal tract evidence from who have received a cause harm infants. contrast, demonstrate vaccinated contains severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific functional antibodies T cells, which benefit infant's developing system. Transfer SARS-CoV-2–specific mother highest when occurs compared with lactation, because receives both long-lasting through placenta breast-milk milk. With clear administration any recommendations avoid while withhold period time not supported by available evidence.

Language: Английский

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Painless Capillary Blood Collection: A Rapid Evaluation of the Onflow Device

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1754 - 1754

Published: May 16, 2023

Blood-based diagnostics are critical for many medical decisions, but mostly rely on venepuncture, which can be inconvenient and painful. The Onflow Serum Gel (Loop Medical SA, Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland) is a novel blood collection device that utilises needle-free technology to collect capillary blood. In this pilot study, 100 healthy participants were enrolled provided two collected specimens one venous specimen. Five chemistry analytes (AST, ALT, LDH, potassium, creatinine) haemolysis measured per specimen, laboratory analyte results compared. was found more acceptable than venepuncture with lower pain ratings, 96.5% of would use the method again. All phlebotomists (100%) intuitive user-friendly, ~1 mL successfully from 99% in <12 min (mean: 6 min, 40 s) 91% first attempt. ALT AST showed no difference performance, while creatinine generated negative bias (-5.6 µmol/L), increased variability noted potassium (3.6%CV) LDH (6.7%CV), although none clinically relevant. These differences may due 35% having "mild" haemolysis. promising alternative should now evaluated expected abnormal chemistries as an option self-collection.

Language: Английский

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Blood self-sampling devices: innovation, interpretation and implementation in total lab automation

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract The introduction of the vacuum tube in 1949 revolutionized blood collection, significantly improving sample quality and patient comfort. Over past 75 years, laboratory diagnostics have evolved drastically, from manual to automated processes, reducing required test volumes by over 1,000 times. Despite these advancements, venous collection presents logistical challenges, including centralized scheduling a large volume biological waste due imbalance between needed (often very little) collected excess). COVID-19 pandemic further emphasized need for decentralized healthcare solutions empowerment. Capillary widely used point-of-care testing, offers promising alternative, particularly patients facing frequently, or difficulties with, sampling. Leiden University Medical Center Netherlands experienced 15 % reduction tests during after pandemic, attributed preference local testing. To address self-sampling devices are emerging, empowering streamlining logistics. However, challenges such as cost, transportation regulations, adequacy persists. Robust tailored total lab automation sustainable practices crucial widespread adoption. hurdles, integration into diagnostic processes is inevitable, heralding shift towards patient-centered, proactive healthcare. Practical recommendations include robust device design, ease use, affordability, sustainability, sufficient acceptability seamless workflows. Although obstacles remain, represents future diagnostics, offering convenience, cost-effectiveness, interoperability

Language: Английский

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Children’s SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Their Vaccination

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 418 - 418

Published: Feb. 12, 2023

SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus, causes respiratory tract infections and other complications in affected individuals, has resulted numerous deaths worldwide. The unprecedented pace of its transmission worldwide, the resultant heavy burden on healthcare systems everywhere, prompted efforts to have effective therapeutic strategies vaccination candidates available global population. While aged immunocompromised individuals form high-risk group for COVID-19 severe disease outcome, rate among children also increased with emergence Omicron variant. In addition, recent reports threatening SARS-CoV-2-associated brought forefront an urgent necessity vaccination. this article, we discuss current scenario SARS-CoV-2 special focus differences their immune system response as compared adults. Further, describe various vaccines, including bivalent vaccines children, detail, intending increase willingness acceptance.

Language: Английский

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An Update on COVID-19 Vaccination and Pregnancy

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 797 - 797

Published: May 6, 2023

Pregnant women are more prone to experience severe COVID-19 disease, including intensive care unit (ICU) admission, use of invasive ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and mortality compared non-pregnant individuals. Additionally, research suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is linked adverse outcomes, such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, stillbirth, well neonatal hospitalization admission the unit. This review assessed available literature from November 2021 19 March 2023, concerning safety effectiveness vaccination pregnancy. administered not significant events related vaccine or negative obstetric, fetal, outcomes. Moreover, has same in preventing disease pregnant individuals general population. safest most effective method for protect themselves their newborns hospitalization, ICU admission. Thus, should be recommended patients. While immunogenicity appears similar population, needed determine optimal timing benefit neonate.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 in Pediatric Populations

Clinics in Chest Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(3), P. 675 - 684

Published: July 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, booster, and infection in pregnant population enhances passive immunity in neonates

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 10, 2023

Abstract The effects of heterogeneous infection, vaccination and boosting histories prior to during pregnancy have not been extensively studied are likely important for protection neonates. We measure levels spike binding antibodies in 4600 patients their neonates with different statuses, without history SARS-CoV-2 infection. investigate neutralizing antibody activity against variant pseudotypes a subset 259 determined correlation between IgG activity. further study the ability maternal measurements predict umbilical cord blood In this work, we show boosting, especially setting previous leads significant increases even recent omicron BA.1 BA.5 variants both pregnant

Language: Английский

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Dilemmas and options for COVID-19 vaccination in children

˜The œItalian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 49(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Over 16 million children have been detected positive for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in United States since outbreak of pandemic. In general, infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome type 2 tend to lighter symptoms than adults. However, some cases, infection can develop into forms, such as multisystem inflammatory children. Moreover, long-term public health preventive interventions had negative effects on physical and mental Given important role that vaccination plays reducing illness mortality, it is essential efficient implementation pediatric population. Nevertheless, parental distrust vaccination, especially regard its safety efficacy, hinders this process. Herein, we comprehensively summarize available data effectiveness COVID-19 vaccine The results show currently approved safe effective Although two doses seem insufficient prevent Omicron infection, booster dose provides enhanced protection against illness. Most importantly, bivalent has use population extend immune response circulating variant. And afforded newborns after maternal appears last only 6 months. Therefore, current situation where rate virus mutation accelerating pandemic still severe, crucial over months age weave a tighter net.

Language: Английский

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Age and prior vaccination determine the antibody level in children with primary SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(6), P. 1187 - 1197

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection relies on immunity generated after primary infection. However, humoral following infection with the Omicron variant is not well understood.We prospectively recruited children <19 years virologically-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 at National Cheng Kung University Hospital from February 2022 to September during first wave of BA.2 outbreak in Taiwan. Serum samples were collected one month measure anti-spike protein receptor binding domain antibody levels and surrogate virus neutralizing (NAb) wild type disease variants.Of 164 patients enrolled, most under 5 (65.2%) a diagnosis upper tract Children 6 months maternal 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination had higher both anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (119.0 vs 27.4 U/ml, p < 0.05) anti-wild NAb (56.9% 27.6% inhibition, = 0.001) than those without. aged 5-12 prior antibody, type, anti-Omicron without (all 0.05). In previously naïve or self-vaccination, highest levels. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed age was only independent factor associated level.In our study, have responses Age are main factors influencing immunogenicity

Language: Английский

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