Journal of Medical Economics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 941 - 951
Published: July 10, 2024
This study investigates the utilization of work absence benefits among United States (US) employees diagnosed with COVID-19, examining frequency, duration, cost, and types loss used.
Language: Английский
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)
Published: July 23, 2024
Abstract The long-term association between mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and the development of autoimmune connective tissue diseases (AI-CTDs) remains unclear. In this nationwide, population-based cohort study involving 9,258,803 individuals, we aim to determine whether incidence AI-CTDs is associated with mRNA vaccination. spans over 1 year observation further analyses risk by stratifying demographics profiles treating booster as time-varying covariate. We report that developing most did not increase following vaccination, except for systemic lupus erythematosus a 1.16-fold in vaccinated individuals relative controls. Comparable results were reported stratified age, sex, vaccine type, prior history non-mRNA However, was an increased some including alopecia areata, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis. Overall, conclude vaccinations are AI-CTDs, although research needed regarding its potential certain conditions.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Annals of Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 57(1)
Published: March 26, 2025
This study aimed to identify the optimal strategy for patients with autoimmune diseases by comparing immunoreaction and effectiveness of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines between healthy individuals patients. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library were searched eligible studies on SARS-CoV-2 in published until October 07, 2022. quality each included was evaluated independent reviewers using National Institutes Health assessment tool, STATA 15.0 software used all statistical analyses. A total 84 publications analyzed this meta-analysis, favoring controls regarding serological response (risk ratio, RR=0.88, 95% CI (confidence interval): 0.86-0.91), antibody (RR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.87-0.94), incidence seropositive immunoglobulin G (IgG) (RR=0.74, 0.69-0.80) than post-vaccination. Patients developed lower IgG (standard mean difference, SMD=-0.64 -0.84 -0.43) titer level (SMD=-1.39, -2.30 -0.49) AU/ml. Stratified analyses conducted further according various potential factors full-text studies. who are immunocompromised received more demonstrated poorer humoral responses after vaccination individuals. Despite lack observable favor diseases, trend is close that populations. should be provided a better schedule, considering vaccine subtypes, dose(s), variants concern, immunoassays.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 108015 - 108015
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines have emerged as a powerful tool against communicable diseases and cancers, demonstrated by their huge success during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite outstanding achievements, mRNA still face challenges such stringent storage requirements, insufficient antigen expression, unexpected immune responses. Since intrinsic properties of molecules significantly impact vaccine performance, optimizing design is crucial in preclinical development. In this review, we outline four key principles for optimal sequence design: enhancing ribosome loading translation efficiency through untranslated region (UTR) optimization, improving via codon increasing structural stability refining global sequence, extending in-cell lifetime expression fidelity adjusting local structures. We also explore recent advancements computational models designing sequences following these principles. By integrating current knowledge, addressing challenges, examining advanced methods, review aims to promote application approaches development inspire novel solutions existing obstacles.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
The messenger RNA (mRNA) platform emerged at the forefront of vaccine development during COVID-19 pandemic, with two mRNA vaccines being among first authorized globally. These were developed rapidly. Informed by decades laboratory research, and proved to be safe efficacious tools for mitigating global impact pandemic. holds promise a broader medical application beyond COVID-19. Herein, we provide an overview this describe lessons learned from pandemic help formulate strategies toward enhancing uptake future mRNA-based interventions. We identify several as vital acceptance expanding array therapeutics, including education, accurate transparent information sharing, targeted engagement campaigns, continued investment in safety surveillance, inclusion diverse participant pools clinical trials, addressing deep-rooted inequalities access healthcare. present findings Global Listening Project (GLP) initiative, which draws on quantitative qualitative approaches capture perceptions experiences design concrete action plans improving societal preparedness emergencies. GLP survey (>70,000 respondents 70 countries) revealed tremendous disparities across countries sociodemographic groups regarding willingness accept novel medicines. comfort innovations medicines was generally low (35%) marginally lower women (33%). learnt actionable insights into designing effective enhance
Language: Английский
Citations
7
Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 664 - 664
Published: June 17, 2024
Currently, vaccination with influenza vaccines is still an effective strategy to prevent infection by seasonal virus in spite of some drawbacks them. However, due the rapid evolution viruses, including viruses and emerging zoonotic there urgent need develop broad-spectrum cope viruses. Nucleic acid might meet requirements well. are classified into DNA RNA vaccines. Both types induced potent cellular humoral immune responses, showing great promise for development universal In this review, current status nucleic vaccine was summarized.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(15), P. e34691 - e34691
Published: July 18, 2024
The original COVID-19 vaccines, developed against SARS-CoV-2, initially mitigated hospitalizations. Bivalent vaccine boosters were used widely during 2022-23, but the outbreaks persisted. Despite this, hospitalizations, mortality, and involving dominant mutants like Alpha Delta increased winters when population's vitamin D levels at their lowest. Notably, 75 % of human immune cell/system functions, including post-vaccination adaptive immunity, rely on adequate circulatory levels. Consequently, hypovitaminosis compromises innate responses, heightening susceptibility to infections complications. vaccines primarily target SARS-CoV-2 Spike proteins, thus offering only a limited protection through antibodies. mRNA such as those for COVID-19, fail generate secretory/mucosal immunity-like IgG rendering them ineffective in halting viral spread. Additionally, mutations binding domain reduce recognition by vaccine-derived antibodies, leading evasion mutant viruses Omicron variants. Meanwhile, repeated administration bivalent intended enhance efficacy resulted immunoparesis recipients. As result, relying solely outbreak prevention, it became less effective. Dominant variants exhibit affinity angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor-2, enhancing infectivity reducing virulence. spike protein-related do not impact potency available, repurposed early therapies, ivermectin. With re-emergence impending coronaviral pandemics, regulators health organizations should proactively consider approval strategic use cost-effective adjunct therapies mentioned above counter loss emerging novel coronaviruses eliminate vaccine- anti-viral agents-related serious adverse effects. Timely implementation these strategies could morbidity, healthcare costs provide rational approach address future epidemics pandemics. This perspective critically reviews relevant literature, providing insights, justifications, viewpoints into how scientific community authorities can leverage this knowledge cost-effectively.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1325 - 1325
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
We carried out a cohort study on the overall population of province Pescara, Italy, to assess real-world effectiveness SARS-CoV-2 vaccination against infection, severe, or lethal COVID-19, two years after start campaign. included all resident domiciled subjects, and extracted official demographic, vaccination, hospital co-pay exemption datasets from 1 January 2021, up 15 February 2023. Cox proportional hazards analyses were adjusted for gender, age, diabetes, hypertension, COPD, major cardio- cerebrovascular events, cancer, kidney diseases. Throughout follow-up (466 days average), 186,676 subjects received greater than equal three vaccine doses (of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, NVX-CoV2373, JNJ-78436735), 47,610 doses, 11,452 one dose, 44,989 none. Overall, 40.4% infected with SARS-CoV-2. Of them, 2.74% had severe (1.30%) COVID-19. As compared unvaccinated, individuals who booster dose showed ≥85% lower risk A massive impact was found among elderly: 22.0% died, as opposed less 3% those doses. No protection infection observed, although this finding certainly influenced by Italian restriction policies control pandemic. Importantly, during Omicron predominance period, only group at least reduced COVID-19-related death.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Drug Design Development and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 5041 - 5062
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Protein PEGylation represents a significant technological advancement in the development of protein-based therapeutics and is widely used to reduce immunogenicity, enhance pharmacokinetics, and/or improve stability. The improved pharmacokinetic profile PEGylated proteins compared with native protein results sustained versus fluctuating plasma concentrations carries potential less frequent administration. However, attachment PEG therapeutic can alter their structural conformation, which exposes new epitopes immune system. design thus needs balance intended benefits risks associated immunogenicity moiety itself or resulting from alterations conformation protein. In recent years, advancements chemistry have offered capability target specific amino acids create more stable bioactive therapies. biophysical biopharmaceutical features vary based on polymer size, shape, density, conjugation site, conjugate be further impacted by properties characteristics patient. It important note that not all patients will develop an response toward moiety, responses are clinically meaningful. A comprehensive understanding factors influence immunogenic optimize benefits. This article reviews optimization strategies clinical performance while minimizing proteins.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 71(1)
Published: Dec. 4, 2023
Abstract Background Vaccination against severe acute respiratory distress syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has gained recognition as a crucial strategy to prevent and reduce the risk of infection, including emerging variants, due its proven safety, immunogenicity, effectiveness. This study aimed evaluate vaccination hesitancy (VH) among Egyptian parents towards SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, specifically focusing on with chronically ill children. Method A multicentered cross-sectional survey was conducted at outpatient clinics El-Raml Pediatric Hospital, Ministry Health Population (MOHP) in Alexandria, Alexandria Main University Hospital for Maternity Children (AMUH), Al-Galaa Teaching General Organization Hospitals Institutes (GOTHI) Cairo, Department, Menoufia from May 1 st till December 15 th , 2022. Parents children chronic diseases were recruited using simple random sampling technique respond validated Arabic version parental attitudes about childhood (PACV). Results In this study, we enrolled 527 caregivers, 55.4% them aged 30–39 years old, 85.2% females, 46.9% had diseases. Commonly mentioned information sources included television radio (69.8%), social media (35.3%). Among studied, 59.6% refused vaccination. The predictors PACV score governorate, (β = 11.30, 95%CI [5.32, 17.27], p < 0.001), setting, -20.07, [-25.40, -14.75] -10.74, [-14.50, -6.98], income; not enough loans repaid 3.18, [0.54, 5.82], 0.018) 3.57,95%CI [0.08, 7.07], 0.045). Conclusions reveals geographic economic factors PACV, emphasizes need region-specific interventions financial barriers improve vaccine acceptance child well-being.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Infection, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 52(4), P. 1425 - 1437
Published: March 4, 2024
Abstract Purpose To explore occupational and non-occupational risk protective factors for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods Serum specimens questionnaire data were obtained between October 7 December 16, 2021 from COVID-19-vaccinated HCWs at a quaternary care hospital Munich, Germany, analyzed RisCoin Study. Results Of 3,696 participants evaluated, 6.6% have had COVID-19 least once. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified working patient occupations (7.3% COVID-19, 95% CI 6.4–8.3, P r = 0.0002), especially as nurses, to be potential occupation-related factor. Non-occupational significantly associated with high rates of contacts cases community (12.8% 10.3–15.8, < 0.0001), being obese (9.9% 7.1–13.5, 0.0014), frequent traveling abroad (9.4% 7.1–12.3, 0.0088). On contrary, receiving basic immunization early during pandemic (5.9% 5.1–6.8, regular smoking (3.6% 2.1–6.0, 0.0088), living elderly (3.0% 1.0–8.0, 0.0475), consumption ready-to-eat meals (2.6% 1.1–5.4, 0.0045) potentially protecting study against COVID-19. Conclusion The newly discovered associations situation, well dietary habits altered can help refine containment measures and, furthermore, contribute new mechanistic insights that may aid protection groups vulnerable individuals.
Language: Английский
Citations
2