The association of weight loss with changes in the gut microbiota diversity, composition, and intestinal permeability: a systematic review and meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis, Susan A. Jebb, Matthew Zimmerman

et al.

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

The gut microbiome may be a mediator between obesity and health outcomes. However, it is unclear how intentional weight loss changes the microbiota intestinal permeability. We aimed to systematically review quantify this association. searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane databases, trial registries until June 2020 (PROSPERO: CRD42020205292). included trials of interventions (energy-restricted diets, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery) reporting on microbiome. Two reviewers independently completed screening, extraction, risk assessment with ROBINS-I tool. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) were obtained from random-effects meta-analyses. Forty-seven 1,916 participants (81% female) median follow-up 6 months (range: 2–24) included. Based imprecise evidence but fairly consistent direction effect, was associated statistically significant increase in α-diversity [SMD: 0.4 (95% CI: 0.2, 0.6], p < .0001, I2 = 70%, n 30 studies) reduction permeability −0.7 −0.9, −0.4), 83%, 17 studies]. Each kg 0.012 0.0003, 0.024, .045) −0.017 −0.034, −0.001, .038) There clear increases relative abundance Akkermansia, no individual phyla, species, or fecal short-chain fatty acids. Restricting analyses studies lower bias did not materially alter estimates. Increasing positively reductions

Language: Английский

Major microbiota dysbiosis in severe obesity: fate after bariatric surgery DOI Open Access
Judith Aron‐Wisnewsky, Edi Prifti, Eugeni Belda

et al.

Gut, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 70 - 82

Published: June 13, 2018

Decreased gut microbial gene richness (MGR) and compositional changes are associated with adverse metabolism in overweight or moderate obesity, but lack characterisation severe obesity. Bariatric surgery (BS) improves inflammation obesity is microbiota modifications. Here, we characterised obesity-associated dysbiosis (ie, MGR, composition functional characteristics) assessed whether BS would rescue these changes.Sixty-one severely obese subjects, candidates for adjustable gastric banding (AGB, n=20) Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB, n=41), were enrolled. Twenty-four subjects followed at 1, 3 12 months post-BS. Gut serum metabolome analysed using shotgun metagenomics liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Confirmation groups included.Low (LGC) was present 75% of patients correlated increased trunk-fat comorbidities (type 2 diabetes, hypertension severity). Seventy-eight metagenomic species altered LGC, among which 50% body metabolic phenotypes. Nine metabolites (including glutarate, 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid L-histidine) modules containing protein families involved their strongly low MGR. MGR 1 year postsurgery, most RYGB remained post-BS, despite greater improvement than AGB patients.We identified major alterations include decreased related pathways linked deteriorations. The full post-BS calls additional strategies to improve the ecosystem microbiome-host interactions obesity.NCT01454232.

Language: Английский

Citations

367
Gut–liver axis, nutrition, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease DOI Creative Commons
Irina Kirpich,

Luis Marsano,

Craig J. McClain

et al.

Clinical Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 48(13-14), P. 923 - 930

Published: July 5, 2015

Language: Английский

Citations

292
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery of morbidly obese patients induces swift and persistent changes of the individual gut microbiota DOI Creative Commons
Albert Pallejá,

Alireza Kashani,

Kristine H. Allin

et al.

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: June 15, 2016

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective means to achieve sustained weight loss for morbidly obese individuals. Besides rapid reduction, patients major improvements of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Dysbiosis gut microbiota has been associated with obesity some its co-morbidities, like type 2 diabetes, changes microbial communities have hypothesized mediate part the beneficial metabolic effects observed after RYGB. Here we describe in taxonomic composition functional potential following We recruited 13 who underwent RYGB, carefully phenotyped them, had their microbiomes quantified before (n = 13) 3 months 12) 12 8) Following shotgun metagenomic sequencing fecal DNA purified from stools, characterized at species gene levels followed by annotation. In parallel improvements, diversity increased within first RYGB remained high 1 year later. led altered relative abundances 31 (P < 0.05, q 0.15) months, including those Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Veillonella spp., Streptococcus Alistipes Akkermansia muciniphila. Sixteen these maintained during 9 months. Interestingly, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was only that decreased abundance. Fifty-three modules abundance between baseline 0.17). These included (i) assimilate multiple energy sources using transporters phosphotransferase systems, (ii) use aerobic respiration, (iii) shift protein degradation putrefaction, (iv) amino acids fatty as sources. Within individuals undergone featured diversity, composition, oxygen tolerance, utilization macro- micro-nutrients. were post-RYGB. Current controlled trials (ID NCT00810823 , NCT01579981 NCT01993511 ).

Language: Английский

Citations

291
Mucosal-associated invariant T cell alterations in obese and type 2 diabetic patients DOI
Isabelle Magalhaes,

Karine Pingris,

Christine Poitou

et al.

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 125(4), P. 1752 - 1762

Published: March 9, 2015

Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with low-grade inflammation, activation of immune cells, alterations the gut microbiota. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) which innate-like cells that recognize bacterial ligands, present in blood enriched mucosal inflamed tissues. Here, we analyzed MAIT adipose tissues patients T2D and/or severe obesity. We determined circulating cell frequency was dramatically decreased both patient groups, this population even undetectable some obese patients. Moreover, displayed an activated phenotype elevated Th1 Th17 cytokine production. In patients, were more abundant tissue than exhibited a striking IL-17 profile. Bariatric surgery not only improved their metabolic parameters but also increased at 3 months after surgery. Similarly, production by strongly This study reveals profound abnormalities harboring disorders, suggesting potential role these pathologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

286
Gut microbiome and its role in obesity and insulin resistance DOI
Clare J. Lee, Cynthia L. Sears, Nisa M. Maruthur

et al.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1461(1), P. 37 - 52

Published: May 14, 2019

Obesity is a complex metabolic disease caused, in part, by the interaction between an individual's genetics, metabolism, and environment. Emerging evidence supports role of gut microbiota mediating host environment extracting energy from food otherwise indigestible producing metabolites cytokines that affect metabolism. Furthermore, microbial imbalance or dysbiosis has been shown diseases including obesity, recent studies are beginning to unravel mechanisms involved. The affects metabolism obesity through several pathways involving barrier integrity, production affecting satiety insulin resistance, epigenetic factors, bile acids subsequent changes signaling. While field microbiome its early stage development, it holds promising future providing us with novel therapeutic targets may restore healthy state help prevention treatment obesity.

Language: Английский

Citations

277
Role of Gut Microbiota in the Aetiology of Obesity: Proposed Mechanisms and Review of the Literature DOI Creative Commons
Muhammad Jaffar Khan, Konstantinos Gerasimidis, Christine A. Edwards

et al.

Journal of Obesity, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 2016, P. 1 - 27

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

The aetiology of obesity has been attributed to several factors (environmental, dietary, lifestyle, host, and genetic factors); however none these fully explain the increase in prevalence worldwide. Gut microbiota located at interface host environment gut are a new area research being explored excess accumulation energy obese individuals may be potential target for therapeutic manipulation reduce storage. Several mechanisms have suggested role such as short chain fatty acid production, stimulation hormones, chronic low-grade inflammation, lipoprotein bile metabolism, increased endocannabinoid receptor system tone. However, evidence from animal human studies clearly indicates controversies determining cause or effect relationship between obesity. Metagenomics based indicate that functionality rather than composition important. Further mechanistic controlling environmental epigenetic therefore required help unravel pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

261
Differential Changes in Gut Microbiota After Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy Bariatric Surgery Vary According to Diabetes Remission DOI
Rinki Murphy, Peter Tsai,

Mia Jüllig

et al.

Obesity Surgery, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 917 - 925

Published: Oct. 13, 2016

Language: Английский

Citations

260
Microbial Modulation of Insulin Sensitivity DOI Creative Commons

Muhammad Tanweer Khan,

Max Nieuwdorp, Fredrik Bäckhed

et al.

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 753 - 760

Published: Aug. 28, 2014

Language: Английский

Citations

234
The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease DOI Open Access

Donal Sheehan,

Carthage Moran, Fergus Shanahan

et al.

Journal of Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 50(5), P. 495 - 507

Published: March 25, 2015

Language: Английский

Citations

229
Weight‐loss interventions and gut microbiota changes in overweight and obese patients: a systematic review DOI
Fernanda Braga Seganfredo, Carina Andriatta Blume, Milene Moehlecke

et al.

Obesity Reviews, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(8), P. 832 - 851

Published: May 19, 2017

Summary Imbalances in the gut microbiota, bacteria that inhabit intestines, are central to pathogenesis of obesity. This systematic review assesses association between microbiota and weight loss overweight/obese adults its potential manipulation as a target for treating identified 43 studies using keywords ‘overweight’ or ‘obesity’ ‘microbiota’ related terms; among these studies, 17 used dietary interventions, 11 bariatric surgery 15 manipulation. The differed their methodologies well intervention lengths. Restrictive diets decreased abundance, correlated with nutrient deficiency rather than generally reduced butyrate producers Firmicutes, Lactobacillus sp. Bifidobacterium impact surgical depended on given technique showed similar effect producers, addition increasing presence Proteobacteria phylum, which is changes intestinal absorptive surface, pH digestion time. Probiotics strain duration diverse effects they tended reduce body fat. Prebiotics had bifidogenic increased likely due cross‐feeding interactions, contributing barrier improving metabolic outcomes. All interventions under consideration impacts although did not always correlate loss. These results show restrictive microbial abundance promote composition could have long‐term detrimental colon. In contrast, prebiotics might restore healthy microbiome

Language: Английский

Citations

190