Semen evaluation: methodological advancements in sperm quality-specific fertility assessment

Animal Bioscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2021

Assessment of male fertility is based on the evaluation sperm. Semen measures various sperm quality parameters as indicators. However, semen has limitations, and it requires advancement application strict control methods to interpret results. This article reviews recent advances in evaluating sperm-specific characteristics methodologies, with help different assays assess sperm-fertility status. Sperm that include conventional microscopic methods, computer-assisted analyzers (CASA), flow cytometric analysis, provide precise information related morphology function. Moreover, profiling fertility-related biomarkers or seminal plasma can be helpful predicting fertility. Identification proteins diagnosis DNA damage positively contributed existing pool knowledge about physiology molecular anomalies associated infertility issues males. Advances subsequently resulted a better understanding biology improved clinical management factor infertility. Accurate paramount importance artificial insemination assisted reproductive technology. no single test precisely determine fertility; selection an appropriate set tests required accurately specific animal species. Therefore, need further calibrate CASA advance gene expression recommended for faster field-level applications. Keywords: Biomarkers; Fertility; Biology; Evaluation; Computer-assisted Analyzers (CASA)

Language: Английский

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Morphometry and subpopulation structure of Holstein bull spermatozoa: variations in ejaculates and cryopreservation straws

Asian Journal of Andrology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 851 - 851

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

Sperm quality is evaluated for the calculation of sperm dosage in artificial reproductive programs. The most common parameter used motility, but morphology has a higher potential as predictor genetic quality. Morphometry calculations from CASA-Morph technology improve morphological evaluation and allow mathematical approaches to problem. Semen 28 Holstein bulls was collected by vagina, several ejaculates were studied. After general evaluation, samples diluted, packaged 0.25 ml straws, stored liquid nitrogen. Two straws per sample thawed, slides processed stained with Diff-Quik. Samples analyzed system eight morphometric parameters. In addition "classical" statistical approach, based on variance analysis (revealing differences between animals, ejaculates, straws), principal component (PC) showed that variables grouped into PC1, related size, PC2 shape. Subpopulation structure four groups, namely, big, small, short, narrow their dominant characteristics, representing 31.0%, 27.3%, 24.1%, 17.7% total population, respectively. distributions varied animals there no only animals. This modern approach considering an ejaculate population divided subpopulations reflecting quantifiable parameters generated systems opens new view function. first study applying this evaluate different same individual. More work must be done seminal dose assisted

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of ultra-rapid cryopreservation of sperm from endangered species, examined by morphometric means

Theriogenology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 129, P. 160 - 167

Published: March 2, 2019

Language: Английский

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Effect of administration of nanoparticles of human chorionic gonadotropin on testicular hemodynamics, testicular volume, testicular echotexture, and circulating testosterone and nitric oxide in pubescent goat bucks under heat stress conditions

Veterinary Research Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 49(2)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Abstract The current study investigated the effect of a single administration human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) and its nanoparticles (NPs) on testicular hemodynamics using Doppler ultrasonography, volume, echotexture (PIX), circulating testosterone nitric oxide (NO) in pubescent goat bucks during summer months. Fifteen Baladi goats were divided into three groups (5 each) subjected to intramuscular one ml physiological saline ( control group), containing 500 IU hCG (hCG group) or 125 NPs group). Testicular assessment was done just before (0 h), at 2, 4, 6, 24, daily till 7 days after administration. volume PIX measured analyzed by B-mode ultrasonography computer analysis software. Testosterone NO concentrations commercial kits. Results revealed significant decreases P ˂0.05) indices values (resistance index pulsatility index) especially 24 h group (0.314 ± 0.01, 0.382 respectively) compared with (0.428 0.567 0.02, respectively), (0.464 0.006, 0.64 respectively). There increases < 0.001) PIX, testosterone, group. no differences between (P ˃ 0.05) while significantly increased In conclusion, improved vascularization, bucks. So, could be recommended for improving reproductive performance under heat-stress conditions.

Language: Английский

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Epididymal bull sperm selection by Percoll® density-gradient centrifugation prior to conventional or ultra-rapid freezing enhances post-thaw sperm quality

Cryobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 118, P. 105200 - 105200

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Spermatology: Current Methods to Study Sperm Classical Variables

Methods in molecular biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 3 - 27

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Afterword to Sperm morphometrics today and tomorrow special issue in Asian Journal of Andrology

Asian Journal of Andrology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 895 - 895

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

The problems associated with the subjective assessment of human sperm morphology have been well aired in another Asian Journal Andrology Special Issue1 that marked publication 5th edition WHO Semen analysis manual, and contrary views subsequently presented.2 However, vagaries eye-brain system assessing whether a head is large or small can be eliminated by objective where definitive structures are defined their dimensions. These then classified automatically into as many categories data permit, conventionally on basis preset upper lower limits, but also more comprehensive discussed here. This Issue computer-aided comprises four reviews (on transport mammals,3 current status morphometry mammals4 birds,5 relevant statistical methods to assess morphometric results6); three clinical research papers subpopulations split ejaculates from adult men normozoospermia7 adolescents without varicocoele,8 including use computer-assisted nuclear DNA fragmentation9); six veterinary populations epididymis (in normozoospermic teratozoospermic domestic cats10) ejaculated spermatozoa (from an endangered puma species,11 roosters guinea fowls,12 rams, bulls boars,13 cryopreserved bovine semen14). Although most these studies examined dimensions air-dried, fixed, stained cells, others taken advantage method determine extent organelle-specific fluorescent dye binding. DNA-binding dyes were used examine fixed smears ejaculate fractions,7 together chromosome-specific probes morphometrics X- Y-bearing spermatozoa.15 A combination specific for acrosome-specific permitted simultaneous whole its acrosomal components.13 novel approaches should lead rapid descriptive diagnostic advances both fields. That there submissions than field probably indicates financial importance given improving diagnosis selection commercial industries. In fact, scientific point view, much work significance has developed other animal species human. irruption ICSI could explain this difference. fact only one spermatozoon enough achieve pregnancy delayed spermatology On hand, high variability infertility cases may make it seem unattractive investment whereas opposite case: presented here show equipment, researchers, correlate results, would generate range observations fertile infertile currently unexplained causes infertility. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS SPERM CELLS application principal component (PC) discriminant reveal powerful tool evaluate raw semen processed cell suspensions, not clinicians aware technique. As described several here, PC multivariate reduces number variables subsequent calculations describe data. By integrating original according coherence database new complex mathematical variable, clearly homogeneous defined. support theory above, showed variance up 13 explained two PCs: bulls,16 adolescent humans,8 DNA,9 cats,10 puma,11 roosters, fowls12 PCs samples.7 From PCs, was separable morphological forms. Here, ranged five: (for X-/Y-bearing heads,15 large+elongated/small+elongated heads adolescents8), large+round/elongated/small elongated+intermediate/large+high acrosome/short+small small, wide slightly elliptical/average size, long, narrow very elliptical/very large, elliptical rooster12), large/high medium/low medium/small small/short/large/narrow bull,14 shape-related normo- terato-zoospermic five wide, short elliptical/small, short, fowl12). awkward, convoluted, descriptions nature clusters generated technique highlight difficulty getting agreement (be intra- inter-laboratory, national international) between observers definitions normal morphology, let alone abnormal contrast, ability detect, unambiguously define, measurements derived CASA-Morph important advance analysis. first step, knowledge infertility, promotion reproductive performance conservation biology, husbandry, clinic. words, could, future should, replace previous approach artificial "a priori" classification based evaluations. For example, future, named subpopulation, (e.g., SP2), term "small." paper opens door integrated holistic function. Until now, all parameters evaluated independently, diminishing global power prediction. different interactive become, better evaluation quality will be. numbers seminal fractions obtained remains followed investigating presence certain indicators fertility if changes upon maturation cat epididymis10 indicative epididymal process, aberrant malfunction feline species; automated damage9 useful optimizing enrich less damaged cells required ART; likewise, interesting find out differences bulls, thawed straws16 present native introduced cryopreservation protocol, monitor development select subpopulation (of elongated tapered spermatozoa) previously AI. FUTURE New techniques recently developed, e.g., stains, providing additional information function,1617 here,13 similar developments expected. effect preparative interventions final documented,181920212223 eliminating problem option attempting take account artifacts produced examined. regard, Trumorph® dispenses altogether air-drying, fixation, staining, artifacts, involves direct examination living, immobilized semen.2425 Rapid, such provide real-time precede removal unadulterated cell, spermatozoa, ART. Perhaps extended scanning confocal microscopy. NOTE ON CASA TERMINOLOGY preparing Issue, became apparent conventional terminology inadequate uses which technology now being put. initially submitted authors acronyms they using, CASMA (Computer-Aided Sperm Morphology Analysis), CASMA-F (when assessed) ASMA (Automated Analysis). With terms, neither automation (with ASMA) nor CASMA-F) clear abbreviation. spatulate itself, acrosome, nucleus each analyzed system,13 filiform permit values length tail.5 Thus, change feature measuring needed. acronym itself (computer-aided/assisted analysis) uninformative since refer any aspect spermatozoa: concentration, motility, kinematic combinations these. Indeed, early blanket cover them although today generally association kinematics.26 use, informative simple addition M motility (CASMA), letter stand morphology. Using K kinematics (CASKA) alternative signifying percentage moving recorded. Any abbreviation must informative, assessed, latter organelles (whole head, nucleus, midpiece, tail), (DNA fragmentation) features, analyzed. We suggest following hyphenated compound terminology: generic kind analysis, indicating performed, i.e., CASA-Conc concentration), CASA-Mot kinematics), morphometry), CASA-DNA studied). necessary indicate when (CASA-Morph-F) fragmentation assessed (CASA-DNAf). revised manuscripts agreed papers, we hope readers. AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS CS, TGC, AV, JLY contributed aspects review; CS TGC wrote manuscript. COMPETING INTERESTS Trumorph®. Neither he interests influenced paper.

Language: Английский

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An update on boar semen assessments by flow cytometry and CASA

Theriogenology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 93 - 103

Published: June 4, 2019

Language: Английский

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Predictive Capacity of Boar Sperm Morphometry and Morphometric Sub-Populations on Reproductive Success after Artificial Insemination

Animals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 920 - 920

Published: March 24, 2021

The aim of the study was to compare morphometric features sperm head size and shape from Pietrain line Duroc × boar crossbred terminal lines, evaluate their relationship with reproductive success after artificial insemination sows produced crossbreeding York, Landrace breeds. Semen samples were collected 11 sexually mature boars. Only ejaculates greater than 70% motility rate <15% abnormal used for inseminations (AI) included in study. Samples analyzed using an ISAS®v1 computer-assisted analysis system eight parameters (CASA-Morph). Sub-populations characterized multivariate procedures, such as principal component (PC) clustering methods (k-means model). Four different ejaculate sub-populations identified two PCs that involved spermatozoa. discriminant ability variables predict sow litter a receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. Sperm length, ellipticity, elongation, regularity showed significant predictive capacity on (0.59, 0.59, 0.60, 0.56 area under (AUC), respectively). not related size.

Language: Английский

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Implementation of novel statistical procedures and other advanced approaches to improve analysis of CASA data

Reproduction Fertility and Development, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 860 - 860

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA) produces a wealth of data that is frequently ignored. The use multiparametric statistical methods can help explore these datasets, unveiling the subpopulation structure samples. In this review we analyse significance internal heterogeneity samples and its relevance. We also provide brief description tools used for extracting subpopulations from namely unsupervised clustering (with non-hierarchical, hierarchical two-step methods) most advanced supervised methods, based on machine learning. former method has allowed exploration patterns in many species, whereas latter offering further possibilities, especially considering functional studies practical analysis. consider novel approaches, such as geometric morphometrics or imaging flow cytometry. Finally, although provided by CASA systems provides valuable information applying analyses, there are several caveats. Protocols capturing analysing motility morphometry should be standardised adapted to each experiment, algorithms open order allow comparison results between laboratories. Moreover, must aware new technology could change paradigm studying morphology.

Language: Английский

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