The Anthropocene: From Global Change to Planetary Stewardship

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 40(7), P. 739 - 761

Published: Oct. 11, 2011

Language: Английский

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Importance and vulnerability of the world’s water towers

Nature, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 577(7790), P. 364 - 369

Published: Dec. 9, 2019

Language: Английский

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Is Green Growth Possible?

New Political Economy, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 469 - 486

Published: April 17, 2019

The notion of green growth has emerged as a dominant policy response to climate change and ecological breakdown. Green theory asserts that continued economic expansion is compatible with our planet's ecology, technological substitution will allow us absolutely decouple GDP from resource use carbon emissions. This claim now assumed in national international policy, including the Sustainable Development Goals. But empirical evidence on emissions does not support theory. Examining relevant studies historical trends model-based projections, we find that: (1) there no absolute decoupling can be achieved global scale against background growth, (2) highly unlikely at rate rapid enough prevent warming over 1.5°C or 2°C, even under optimistic conditions. We conclude likely misguided objective, policymakers need look toward alternative strategies.

Language: Английский

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The Capitalocene, Part I: on the nature and origins of our ecological crisis

The Journal of Peasant Studies, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 44(3), P. 594 - 630

Published: March 17, 2017

This essay, in two parts, argues for the centrality of historical thinking coming to grips with capitalism’s planetary crises twenty-first century. Against Anthropocene’s shallow historicization, I argue Capitalocene, understood as a system power, profit and re/production web life. In Part I, pursue arguments. First, situate Anthropocene discourse within Green Thought’s uneasy relationship Human/Nature binary, its reluctance consider human organizations – like capitalism part nature. Next, highlight dominant periodization, which meets up longstanding environmentalist argument about Industrial Revolution origin ecological crisis. ignores early environment-making revolution, greater than any watershed since rise agriculture first cities. While there is no question that environmental change accelerated sharply after 1850, especially 1945, it seems equally fruitless explain these transformations without identifying how they fit into patterns capital nature established four centuries earlier.

Language: Английский

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Sustainable business model innovation: A review

Journal of Cleaner Production, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 401 - 416

Published: June 30, 2018

The capability to rapidly and successfully move into new business models is an important source of sustainable competitive advantage a key leverage improve the sustainability performance organisations. However, research suggests that many model innovations fail. Despite importance topic, reasons for failure are relatively unexplored, there no comprehensive review innovation literature. This provides literature, using systematic database search cross-reference snowballing. Its contributions are: (1) underlying concepts, discussing their similarities differences offer definitions where identified need; (2) we identify gap; (3) deduct questions address gap.

Language: Английский

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Circular economy – From review of theories and practices to development of implementation tools

Resources Conservation and Recycling, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 190 - 201

Published: Nov. 24, 2017

The paper provides an overview of the literature on Circular Economy (CE) theoretical approaches, strategies and implementation cases. After analyzing different CE approaches underlying principles then proceeds with main goal developing tools for implementation. Two are presented. first is a Strategies Database, which includes 45 that applicable to parts value chain. second Implementation over 100 case studies categorized by Scope, Parts Value Chain involved, as well used Strategy Level. An analysis state art in also included paper. One observations from while such Recovery/Recycling Consumption/Use prominently featured, others, including Manufacturing Distribution, rarely involved CE. On other hand, Levels indicate many market-ready solutions exist already. Scope current considers selected products, materials sectors, system changes economy suggested. Finally, monitoring methods suggestions future development discussed this can serve introduction concept, developed be instrumental designing new

Language: Английский

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The environmental price of fast fashion

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 1(4), P. 189 - 200

Published: April 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Using the class 1 integron-integrase gene as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 1269 - 1279

Published: Dec. 12, 2014

Abstract Around all human activity, there are zones of pollution with pesticides, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and the microorganisms associated waste streams agriculture. This diversity pollutants, whose concentration varies spatially temporally, is a major challenge for monitoring. Here, we suggest that relative abundance clinical class 1 integron-integrase gene, intI1, good proxy because: (1) intI1 linked to genes conferring resistance antibiotics, disinfectants metals; (2) it found in wide variety pathogenic nonpathogenic bacteria; (3) its can change rapidly because host cells have rapid generation times move between bacteria by horizontal gene transfer; (4) single DNA sequence variant now on xenogenetic elements, these being complex mosaic elements fixed through agency selection. Here review literature examining relationship anthropogenic impacts outline an approach which could serve as pollution.

Language: Английский

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Catch reconstructions reveal that global marine fisheries catches are higher than reported and declining

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 19, 2016

Abstract Fisheries data assembled by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) suggest that global marine fisheries catches increased to 86 million tonnes in 1996, then slightly declined. Here, using a decade-long multinational ‘catch reconstruction’ project covering Exclusive Economic Zones of world’s maritime countries High Seas from 1950 2010, accounting for all fisheries, we identify catch trajectories differing considerably national submitted FAO. We actually peaked at 130 tonnes, has been declining much more strongly since. This decline reconstructed reflects declines industrial smaller extent discards, despite fishing having expanded industrialized waters developing countries. The documented here need improved monitoring including often neglected small-scale illegal other problematic as well discarded bycatch.

Language: Английский

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Fertility, mortality, migration, and population scenarios for 195 countries and territories from 2017 to 2100: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 396(10258), P. 1285 - 1306

Published: July 14, 2020

Understanding potential patterns in future population levels is crucial for anticipating and planning changing age structures, resource health-care needs, environmental economic landscapes. Future fertility are a key input to estimation of size, but they surrounded by substantial uncertainty diverging methodologies forecasting, leading important differences global projections. Changing size structure might have profound economic, social, geopolitical impacts many countries. In this study, we developed novel methods forecasting mortality, fertility, migration, population. We also assessed effects demographic shifts.We modelled reference alternative scenarios as function mortality rates. statistical models completed cohort at 50 years (CCF50). Completed much more stable over time than the period measure total rate (TFR). CCF50 time-series random walk educational attainment contraceptive met need. Age-specific rates were covariates. age-specific 2100 using underlying risk factor scalar, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Net migration was Socio-demographic Index, crude growth rate, deaths from war natural disasters; use ARIMA The model framework used develop scenario based on pace change estimated gross domestic product each country territory scenario. Forecast intervals (UIs) incorporated propagated past data inputs, estimation, forecast distributions.The TFR forecasted be 1·66 (95% UI 1·33-2·08) 2100. scenario, projected peak 2064 9·73 billion (8·84-10·9) people decline 8·79 (6·83-11·8) projections five largest countries India (1·09 [0·72-1·71], Nigeria (791 million [594-1056]), China (732 [456-1499]), USA (336 [248-456]), Pakistan (248 [151-427]). Findings suggest shifting parts world, with 2·37 (1·91-2·87) individuals older 65 1·70 (1·11-2·81) younger 20 years, globally By 2050, 151 lower replacement level (TFR <2·1), 183 23 including Japan, Thailand, Spain, declines greater 50% 2017 2100; China's 48·0% (-6·1 68·4). become economy 2035 once again 2098. Our that meeting Sustainable Development Goals targets education need would result 6·29 (4·82-8·73) 6·88 (5·27-9·51) when assuming 99th percentile these drivers.Our findings continued trends female access contraception will hasten slow growth. A sustained countries, India, environmental, consequences. Policy options adapt low while sustaining enhancing reproductive health, come.Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Language: Английский

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