Social state gates vision using three circuit mechanisms inDrosophila

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 17, 2024

Abstract Animals are often bombarded with visual information and must prioritize specific features based on their current needs. The neuronal circuits that detect relay have been well-studied. Yet, much less is known about how an animal adjusts its attention as goals or environmental conditions change. During social behaviors, flies need to focus nearby flies. Here, we study the flow of altered when female Drosophila enter aggressive state. From connectome, identified three state-dependent circuit motifs poised selectively amplify response fly-sized objects: convergence excitatory inputs from neurons conveying select internal state; dendritic disinhibition feature detectors; a switch toggles between two detectors. Using cell-type-specific genetic tools, together behavioral neurophysiological analyses, show each these function during aggression. We reveal this same operate in males courtship pursuit, suggesting disparate behaviors may share mechanisms. Our work provides compelling example using connectome infer mechanisms underlie dynamic processing sensory signals.

Language: Английский

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A split-GAL4 driver line resource forDrosophilaneuron types

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Abstract Techniques that enable precise manipulations of subsets neurons in the fly central nervous system have greatly facilitated our understanding neural basis behavior. Split-GAL4 driver lines allow specific targeting cell types Drosophila melanogaster and other species. We describe here a collection 3060 range adult 1373 characterized third-instar larvae. These tools functional, transcriptomic, proteomic studies based on anatomical targeting. NeuronBridge search relate light microscopy images these split-GAL4 to connectomes reconstructed from electron images. The collections are result screening over 77,000 split hemidriver combinations. Previously published new included, all validated for expression curated optimal type specificity across diverse types. In addition stocks well-characterized lines, we make available 300,000 3D lines.

Language: Английский

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Transforming descending input into behavior: The organization of premotor circuits in the Drosophila Male Adult Nerve Cord connectome

Published: March 18, 2024

In most animals, a relatively small number of descending neurons (DNs) connect higher brain centers in the animal’s head to circuits and motor (MNs) nerve cord body that effect movement limbs. To understand how signals generate behavior, it is critical these pathways are organized onto MNs. fly, Drosophila melanogaster , MNs controlling muscles leg, wing, other systems reside ventral (VNC), analogous mammalian spinal cord. companion papers, we introduced densely-reconstructed connectome Male Adult Nerve Cord (MANC, Takemura et al., 2023), including cell type developmental lineage annotation (Marin which provides complete VNC connectivity at synaptic resolution. Here, present first look organization networks connecting DNs based on this new information. We proofread curated all ensure accuracy reliability, then systematically matched DN axon terminals MN dendrites with light microscopy data link their morphology inputs or muscle targets. report both broad organizational patterns entire network fine-scale analysis selected interest. discover direct DN-MN connections infrequent identify communities intrinsic linked control different systems, putative for walking, dorsal flight steering power generation, intermediate lower tectulum coordinated action wings legs. Our generates hypotheses future functional experiments and, together MANC connectome, empowers others investigate richer mechanistic detail.

Language: Английский

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A split-GAL4 driver line resource for Drosophila neuron types

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Techniques that enable precise manipulations of subsets neurons in the fly central nervous system (CNS) have greatly facilitated our understanding neural basis behavior. Split-GAL4 driver lines allow specific targeting cell types Drosophila melanogaster and other species. We describe here a collection 3060 range adult CNS 1373 characterized third-instar larvae. These tools functional, transcriptomic, proteomic studies based on anatomical targeting. NeuronBridge search relate light microscopy images these split-GAL4 to connectomes reconstructed from electron images. The collections are result screening over 77,000 split hemidriver combinations. Previously published new included, all validated for expression curated optimal cell-type specificity across diverse types. In addition stocks well-characterized lines, we make available 300,000 3D lines.

Language: Английский

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Nutritional state-dependent modulation of insulin-producing cells in Drosophila

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Insulin plays a key role in metabolic homeostasis. Drosophila insulin-producing cells (IPCs) are functional analogues of mammalian pancreatic beta and release insulin directly into circulation. To investigate the vivo dynamics IPC activity, we quantified effects nutritional internal state changes on IPCs using electrophysiological recordings. We found that strongly modulates activity. activity decreased with increasing periods starvation. Refeeding flies glucose or fructose, two nutritive sugars, significantly increased whereas non-nutritive sugars had no effect. In contrast to feeding, perfusion did not affect This was reminiscent incretin effect, where ingestion drives higher than intravenous application. Contrary IPCs, Diuretic hormone 44-expressing neurons pars intercerebralis (DH44 PI Ns) responded perfusion. Functional connectivity experiments demonstrated these DH44 Ns do while other DH44Ns inhibit them. Hence, populations autonomously systemically sugar-sensing work parallel maintain Accordingly, activating small, satiety-like effect food-searching behavior reduced starvation-induced hyperactivity, hyperactivity. Taken together, demonstrate an integral part modulatory network orchestrates homeostasis adaptive response shifts state.

Language: Английский

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Driver lines for studying associative learning in Drosophila

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

The mushroom body (MB) is the center for associative learning in insects. In Drosophila , intersectional split-GAL4 drivers and electron microscopy (EM) connectomes have laid foundation precise interrogation of MB neural circuits. However, investigation many cell types upstream downstream has been hindered due to lack specific driver lines. Here we describe a new collection over 800 split-LexA that cover approximately 300 types, including sugar sensory neurons, putative nociceptive ascending olfactory thermo-/hygro-sensory projection interneurons connected with MB-extrinsic various other types. We characterized activation phenotypes subset these lines identified neuron line most suitable reward substitution. Leveraging thousands confocal images associated collection, analyzed neuronal morphological stereotypy discovered one set output MBON08/MBON09, exhibits striking individuality asymmetry across animals. conjunction EM connectome maps, reported here offer powerful resource functional dissection circuits adult .

Language: Английский

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Taste quality and hunger interactions in a feeding sensorimotor circuit

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: July 6, 2022

Taste detection and hunger state dynamically regulate the decision to initiate feeding. To study how context-appropriate feeding decisions are generated, we combined synaptic resolution circuit reconstruction with targeted genetic access specific neurons elucidate a gustatory sensorimotor for initiation in adult Drosophila melanogaster. This connects sensory proboscis motor through three intermediate layers. Most this pathway necessary sufficient extension, behavior, respond selectively sugar taste detection. Pathway activity is amplified by signals that act at select second-order promote food-deprived animals. In contrast, inhibited bitter impinges on premotor neurons, illuminating local motif weighs adjust behavioral outcomes. Together, these studies reveal central mechanisms integration of external internal nutritive flexibly execute critical decision.

Language: Английский

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Descending neuron population dynamics during odor-evoked and spontaneous limb-dependent behaviors

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

Deciphering how the brain regulates motor circuits to control complex behaviors is an important, long-standing challenge in neuroscience. In fly, Drosophila melanogaster , this coordinated by a population of ~ 1100 descending neurons (DNs). Activating only few DNs known be sufficient drive like walking and grooming. However, what additional role larger plays during natural remains largely unknown. For example, they may modulate core behavioral commands or comprise parallel pathways that are engaged depending on sensory context. We evaluated these possibilities recording populations nearly 100 individual tethered flies while generated limb-dependent behaviors, including found largest fraction recorded encode fewer active head grooming resting. A large walk-encoding turning far weakly speed. Although odor context does not determine which behavior-encoding recruited, odors rather than behaviors. Lastly, we illustrate one can identify from DN recordings using their spatial, functional, morphological properties. These results set stage for comprehensive, population-level understanding brain’s signals regulate actions.

Language: Английский

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The unbearable slowness of being: Why do we live at 10 bits/s?

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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NeuronBridge: an intuitive web application for neuronal morphology search across large data sets

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 21, 2022

Abstract Neuroscience research in Drosophila is benefiting from large-scale connectomics efforts using electron microscopy (EM) to reveal all the neurons a brain and their connections. In order exploit this knowledge base, researchers target individual study function. Therefore, vast libraries of fly driver lines expressing fluorescent reporter genes sets have been created imaged confocal light (LM). However, creating line for driving gene expression within single neuron found EM connectome remains challenge, as it typically requires identifying pair where only interest expressed both. This task other emerging scientific workflows require finding similar across large data different modalities. Here, we present NeuronBridge, web application easily rapidly putative morphological matches between datasets We describe functionality construction NeuronBridge service, including its user-friendly GUI, model, serverless cloud architecture, massively parallel image search engine. openly accessible at http://neuronbridge.janelia.org/ .

Language: Английский

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