Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 30, 2023

Abstract Connections between neurons can be mapped by acquiring and analyzing electron microscopic (EM) brain images. In recent years, this approach has been applied to chunks of brains reconstruct local connectivity maps that are highly informative, yet inadequate for understanding function more globally. Here, we present the first neuronal wiring diagram a whole adult brain, containing 5×10 7 chemical synapses ∼130,000 reconstructed from female Drosophila melanogaster . The resource also incorporates annotations cell classes types, nerves, hemilineages, predictions neurotransmitter identities. Data products available download, programmatic access, interactive browsing made interoperable with other fly data resources. We show how derive projectome, map projections regions, connectome. demonstrate tracing synaptic pathways analysis information flow inputs (sensory ascending neurons) outputs (motor, endocrine, descending neurons), across both hemispheres, central optic lobes. Tracing subset photoreceptors all way motor illustrates structure uncover putative circuit mechanisms underlying sensorimotor behaviors. technologies open ecosystem FlyWire Consortium set stage future large-scale connectome projects in species.

Language: Английский

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A Drosophila computational brain model reveals sensorimotor processing

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 210 - 219

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Neural circuit mechanisms underlying context-specific halting in Drosophila

Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 634(8032), P. 191 - 200

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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An all 2D bio-inspired gustatory circuit for mimicking physiology and psychology of feeding behavior

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Animal behavior involves complex interactions between physiology and psychology. However, most AI systems neglect psychological factors in decision-making due to a limited understanding of the physiological-psychological connection at neuronal level. Recent advancements brain imaging genetics have uncovered specific neural circuits that regulate behaviors like feeding. By developing neuro-mimetic incorporate both psychology, new emotional-AI paradigm can be established bridges gap humans machines. This study presents bio-inspired gustatory circuit mimics adaptive feeding humans, considering physiological states (hunger) (appetite). Graphene-based chemitransistors serve as artificial taste receptors, forming an electronic tongue, while 1L-MoS2 memtransistors construct electronic-gustatory-cortex comprising hunger neuron, appetite circuit. work proposes novel for emotional neuromorphic with broad implications human health. The concept intelligence extend other sensory systems, benefiting future humanoid AI.

Language: Английский

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Mating activates neuroendocrine pathways signaling hunger in Drosophila females

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 15, 2023

Mated females reallocate resources to offspring production, causing changes nutritional requirements and challenges energy homeostasis. Although observed across species, the neural endocrine mechanisms that regulate needs of mated are not well understood. Here, we find

Language: Английский

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Tastant-receptor interactions: insights from the fruit fly

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: April 11, 2024

Across species, taste provides important chemical information about potential food sources and the surrounding environment. As details chemicals receptors responsible for gustation are discovered, a complex view of system is emerging with significant contributions from research using fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster , as model organism. In this brief review, we summarize recent advances in their relevance to more broadly. Our goal highlight molecular mechanisms underlying first step gustatory circuits: ligand-receptor interactions primary cells. After an introduction how it encodes canonical modalities sweet, bitter, salty, describe insights into nature carboxylic acid amino detection context sour umami taste, respectively. analysis extends non-canonical including metals, fatty acids, bacterial components, highlights unexpected signaling pathways that have recently been identified Comparing intricate cellular underpinnings ligands detected vivo flies reveals both specific promiscuous receptor selectivity encoding. Throughout compare contextualize these findings mammalian not only emphasize conservation chemosensory systems, but demonstrate power organism elucidating neurobiology feeding.

Language: Английский

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Taste cells expressing Ionotropic Receptor 94e reciprocally impact feeding and egg laying in Drosophila

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 43(8), P. 114625 - 114625

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Chemosensory cells across the body of Drosophila melanogaster evaluate environment to prioritize certain behaviors. Previous mapping gustatory receptor neurons (GRNs) on fly labellum identified a set in L-type sensilla that express Ionotropic Receptor 94e (IR94e), but impact IR94e GRNs behavior remains unclear. We used optogenetics and chemogenetics activate found they drive mild feeding suppression enhance egg laying. In vivo calcium imaging revealed respond strongly amino acids, including glutamate, plus co-receptors IR25a IR76b are required for acid detection. Furthermore, mutants show behavioral changes solutions containing increased consumption decreased Overall, our results suggest discourage encourage laying as part an important switch response chemical cues.

Language: Английский

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A leaky integrate-and-fire computational model based on the connectome of the entire adultDrosophilabrain reveals insights into sensorimotor processing

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2023

Abstract The forthcoming assembly of the adult Drosophila melanogaster central brain connectome, containing over 125,000 neurons and 50 million synaptic connections, provides a template for examining sensory processing throughout brain. Here, we create leaky integrate-and-fire computational model entire brain, based on neural connectivity neurotransmitter identity, to study circuit properties feeding grooming behaviors. We show that activation sugar-sensing or water-sensing gustatory in accurately predicts respond tastes are required initiation. Computational region those elicit motor neuron firing, testable hypothesis validate by optogenetic behavioral studies. Moreover, different classes makes accurate predictions how multiple taste modalities interact, providing circuit-level insight into aversive appetitive processing. Our sugar water pathways form partially shared initiation pathway, which our calcium imaging experiments confirm. Additionally, applied this mechanosensory circuits found small set comprising antennal do not overlap with circuits, describes response upon subtypes. results demonstrate modeling purely from predicted identity generates experimentally hypotheses can describe complete sensorimotor transformations.

Language: Английский

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Hunger- and thirst-sensing neurons modulate a neuroendocrine network to coordinate sugar and water ingestion

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 15, 2023

Consumption of food and water is tightly regulated by the nervous system to maintain internal nutrient homeostasis. Although generally considered independently, interactions between hunger thirst drives are important coordinate competing needs. In Drosophila , four neurons called interoceptive subesophageal zone (ISNs) respond intrinsic signals oppositely regulate sucrose ingestion. Here, we investigate neural circuit downstream ISNs examine how ingestion based on Utilizing recently available fly brain connectome, find that synapse with a novel cell-type bilateral T-shaped neuron (BiT) projects neuroendocrine centers. vivo manipulations revealed BiT regulates sugar Neuroendocrine cells include several peptide-releasing peptide-sensing neurons, including insulin producing (IPCs), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) CCHamide-2 receptor isoform RA (CCHa2R-RA) neurons. These contribute differentially water, IPCs CCAP regulating ingestion, CCHa2R-RA modulating only Thus, decision consume or occurs via regulation broad peptidergic network integrates nutritional state generate nutrient-specific

Language: Английский

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Hunger- and thirst-sensing neurons modulate a neuroendocrine network to coordinate sugar and water ingestion

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Consumption of food and water is tightly regulated by the nervous system to maintain internal nutrient homeostasis. Although generally considered independently, interactions between hunger thirst drives are important coordinate competing needs. In Drosophila , four neurons called interoceptive subesophageal zone (ISNs) respond intrinsic signals oppositely regulate sucrose ingestion. Here, we investigate neural circuit downstream ISNs examine how ingestion based on Utilizing recently available fly brain connectome, find that synapse with a novel cell-type bilateral T-shaped neuron (BiT) projects neuroendocrine centers. vivo manipulations revealed BiT regulates sugar Neuroendocrine cells include several peptide-releasing peptide-sensing neurons, including insulin producing (IPCs), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) CCHamide-2 receptor isoform RA (CCHa2R-RA) neurons. These contribute differentially water, IPCs CCAP regulating ingestion, CCHa2R-RA modulating only Thus, decision consume or occurs via regulation broad peptidergic network integrates nutritional state generate nutrient-specific

Language: Английский

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