Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Pathophysiology: Integrating Systemic, CNS and Circadian Processes DOI Creative Commons
George Anderson

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 24 - 24

Published: Jan. 18, 2024

The conceptualization of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has primarily focused on hormonal alterations driven by changes within the hypothalamus and ovarian granulosa cells, with treatment contraceptive pill weight loss. However, a growing body data implicates wider systemic central nervous system (CNS) in pathoetiology pathophysiology PCOS, consequent implications for targeted treatments. It is proposed that there significant role night-time interactions factors acting to regulate whether rising level cortisol over night during morning awakening response (CAR) able induce nuclear translocation glucocorticoid receptor (GR), thereby influencing how immune glial systems cellular function preparation coming day. Factors affording protection PCOS also inhibit GR including gut microbiome-derived butyrate, pineal/local melatonin as well regulated bcl2-associated athanogene (BAG)-1. A pathophysiological attributed aryl hydrocarbon (AhR), which shows heightened levels activity PCOS. AhR activated ligands many processes, white adipocyte-derived kynurenine, implicating obesity occurring ovaries. activation consequences physiological hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, cells adipocytes, partly mediated upregulation mitochondrial N-acetylserotonin/melatonin ratio, decreasing availability whilst increasing local stress plasticity nucleus. This article reviews detail CNS highlighting pineal melatonergic pathway, nucleus tanycytes/astrocytes, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis pathophysiology. integrates wide array previously disparate biological underpinnings associates other currently classified medical conditions, such depression, bipolar disorder, type 1 diabetes mellitus autism spectrum. Numerous future research are detailed.

Language: Английский

Interaction of acetylcholine and oxytocin neuromodulation in the hippocampus DOI
Yiyao Zhang, Mürsel Karadas,

Jing-Jing Liu

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(11), P. 1862 - 1875.e5

Published: March 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

21
A hypothalamic circuit underlying the dynamic control of social homeostasis DOI Creative Commons
Ding Liu, Mohammed Mostafizur Rahman,

Autumn Johnson

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Abstract Social grouping increases survival in many species, including humans 1,2 . By contrast, social isolation generates an aversive state (‘loneliness’) that motivates seeking and heightens interaction upon reunion 3–5 The observed rebound triggered by suggests a homeostatic process underlying the control of need, similar to physiological drives such as hunger, thirst or sleep 3,6 In this study, we assessed responses several mouse strains, among which FVB/NJ mice emerged highly, C57BL/6J moderately, sensitive isolation. Using both uncovered two previously uncharacterized neuronal populations hypothalamic preoptic nucleus are activated during either orchestrate behaviour display need satiety, respectively. We identified direct connectivity between these with brain areas associated behaviour, emotional state, reward needs showed require touch assess presence others fulfil their need. These data show brain-wide neural system homeostasis provide significant mechanistic insights into nature function circuits controlling instinctive for understanding healthy diseased states context.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Social isolation and the brain: effects and mechanisms DOI Open Access
Ying Xiong, Huilin Hong, Cirong Liu

et al.

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(1), P. 191 - 201

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

59
Neurobiology of Loneliness, Isolation, and Loss: Integrating Human and Animal Perspectives DOI Creative Commons

Erika M. Vitale,

Adam S. Smith

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 8, 2022

In social species such as humans, non-human primates, and even many rodent species, interaction the maintenance of bonds are necessary for mental physical health wellbeing. perceived isolation, or loneliness, is not only characterized by isolation from peers loved ones, but also involves negative perceptions about interactions connectedness that reinforce feelings anxiety. As a complex behavioral state, it no surprise loneliness associated with dysfunction within ventral striatum limbic system – brain regions regulate motivation stress responsiveness, respectively. Accompanying these neural changes physiological symptoms increased plasma urinary cortisol levels an increase in responsivity. Although studies using animal models perfectly analogous to uniquely human state on effects animals have observed similar corticosterone, analog cortisol, display altered motivation, dysregulation mesocortical dopamine systems. This review will discuss neuropsychological components models, neurochemical regulators phenotypes neuroanatomical focus corticostriatal We loss unique form consequences bond disruption stress-related behavior neurophysiology.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Neural circuits regulating prosocial behaviors DOI Open Access
Jessica J. Walsh, Daniel J. Christoffel, Robert C. Malenka

et al.

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 79 - 89

Published: June 14, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Detection, processing and reinforcement of social cues: regulation by the oxytocin system DOI
Rohit Menon, Inga D. Neumann

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 761 - 777

Published: Oct. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

42
The Formation and Function of the VTA Dopamine System DOI Open Access
Guoqiang Hou,

Hao Mei,

Jiawen Duan

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3875 - 3875

Published: March 30, 2024

The midbrain dopamine system is a sophisticated hub that integrates diverse inputs to control multiple physiological functions, including locomotion, motivation, cognition, reward, as well maternal and reproductive behaviors. Dopamine neurotransmitter binds G-protein-coupled receptors. also works together with other neurotransmitters various neuropeptides maintain the balance of synaptic functions. dysfunction leads several conditions, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s major depression, schizophrenia, drug addiction. ventral tegmental area (VTA) has been identified an important relay nucleus modulates homeostatic plasticity in system. Due complexity transmissions input–output connections VTA, structure function this crucial brain region are still not fully understood. In review article, we mainly focus on cell types, neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, ion channels, receptors, neural circuits VTA system, hope obtaining new insight into formation vital region.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Convergence of oxytocin and dopamine signalling in neuronal circuits: Insights into the neurobiology of social interactions across species DOI Creative Commons
Virginie Rappeneau, Fernando Castillo Díaz

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 161, P. 105675 - 105675

Published: April 11, 2024

Social behaviours are essential for animal survival, and the hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin (OXT) critically impacts bonding, parenting, decision-making. Dopamine (DA), is released by ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurons, regulating social cues in mesolimbic system. Despite extensive exploration of OXT DA roles behaviour independently, limited studies investigate their interplay. This narrative review integrates insights from human studies, particularly rodents, emphasising recent research on pharmacological manipulations or systems behaviour. Additionally, we correlating with blood/cerebral levels. Behavioural facets include sociability, cooperation, pair bonding parental care. In addition, provide into OXT-DA interplay models stress, autism schizophrenia. Emphasis placed complex relationship between collective influence across physiological pathological conditions. Understanding imbalance fundamental unravelling neurobiological underpinnings interaction reward processing deficits observed psychiatric

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Neural control of sex differences in affiliative and prosocial behaviors DOI Creative Commons

Sanja Mikulovic,

Constanze Lenschow

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106039 - 106039

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Social interactions are vital for various taxa and species. Prosocial affiliative dynamics within a group between individuals not only pleasurable rewarding, but also appear to actively contribute well-being, cognitive performance, disease prevention. Moreover, disturbances in acting or being prosocial can represent major burden an individual their affective partners. These disruptions evident across spectrum of neuropsychiatric conditions, including depression autism disorders. Importantly, interactive patterns behavior vary with sex. The fact that genders differentially affected by disorders associated social impairment underscores the high importance this research uncovering underlying neural correlates mechanisms. This review focuses on elucidating sex-related differences behaviors potential association sexually different correlates. Specifically, we aim shed light complex interplay sex, behavior, neurobiology interaction patterns.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Dynamic influences on the neural encoding of social valence DOI
Nancy Padilla-Coreano, Kay M. Tye, Moriel Zelikowsky

et al.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 535 - 550

Published: July 12, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

38