Science China Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 67(11), P. 2426 - 2443
Published: July 23, 2024
Language: Английский
Annual Review of Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 1 - 63
Published: Oct. 3, 2023
The raison d'être of meiosis is shuffling genetic information via Mendelian segregation and, within individual chromosomes, by DNA crossing-over. These outcomes are enabled a complex cellular program in which interactions between homologous chromosomes play central role. We first provide background regarding the basic principles this program. then summarize current understanding events recombination and three processes that involve whole chromosomes: homolog pairing, crossover interference, chiasma maturation. All these implemented direct physical interaction complexes with underlying chromosome structures. Finally, we present convergent lines evidence meiotic may have evolved coupling to late-stage mitotic morphogenesis.
Language: Английский
Citations
81
Biochemical Society Transactions, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 51(3), P. 1179 - 1190
Published: May 5, 2023
Meiotic crossovers, which are exchanges of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, more evenly and distantly spaced along chromosomes than expected by chance. This is because the occurrence one crossover reduces likelihood nearby events — a conserved intriguing phenomenon called interference. Although interference was first described over century ago, mechanism allowing coordination fate potential sites half chromosome away remains elusive. In this review, we discuss recently published evidence supporting new model for patterning, coined coarsening model, point out missing pieces that still needed to complete fascinating puzzle.
Language: Английский
Citations
29
The Plant Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(9), P. 3838 - 3856
Published: July 24, 2024
Abstract Crossovers create genetic diversity and are required for equal chromosome segregation during meiosis. Crossover number distribution highly regulated by different mechanisms that not yet fully understood, including crossover interference. The axis is crucial formation. Here, we explore the function of protein ASYNAPSIS3. To this end, use allotetraploid species Brassica napus; due to its polyploid nature, system allows a fine-grained dissection dosage meiotic regulators. simultaneous mutation all 4 ASY3 alleles results in defective synapsis drastic reduction crossovers, which largely rescued presence only one functional allele. Crucially, while class I crossovers mutants with 2 comparable wild type, significantly increased allele, indicating reducing increases Moreover, on each bivalent 1 allele follow random distribution, compromised These reveal distinct dosage-dependent effects formation provide insights into role patterning recombination.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(2)
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
During meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes becomes connected by at least one crossover, as required for accurate segregation, and adjacent crossovers are widely separated thereby limiting total numbers. In coarsening models, this crossover patterning results from nascent recombination sites competing to accrue a pro-crossover RING-domain protein (COR) that diffuses between synapsed chromosomes. Here, we delineate the localization dynamics three mammalian CORs in mouse determine their interdependencies. RNF212, HEI10, newest member RNF212B show divergent spatiotemporal along chromosomes, including profound differences spermatocytes oocytes, not easily reconciled elementary models. Contrasting mutant phenotypes genetic requirements indicate RNF212B, HEI10 play distinct but interdependent functions regulating meiotic coordinating events prophase-I integrating signals DNA breaks, homolog synapsis, cell-cycle, incipient sites.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Science Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(9)
Published: Feb. 26, 2025
During meiosis, the parental chromosomes are drawn together to enable exchange of genetic information. Chromosomes aligned through assembly a conserved interface, synaptonemal complex, composed central region that forms between two parallel chromosomal backbones called axes. Here, we identify axis-central interface in C. elegans , containing positive patch on axis component HIM-3 and negative C terminus protein SYP-5. Crucially, canonical ultrastructure complex is altered upon weakening this using charge-reversal mutations. We developed thermodynamic model recapitulates our experimental observations, indicating liquid-like can assemble by wetting axes without active energy consumption. More broadly, data show condensation drives tightly regulated nuclear reorganization during sexual reproduction.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 102570 - 102570
Published: June 5, 2024
Meiosis is a conserved eukaryotic cell division that produces spores required for sexual reproduction. During meiosis, chromosomes pair and undergo programmed DNA double-strand breaks, followed by homologous repair can result in reciprocal crossovers. Crossover formation highly regulated with typically few events per homolog pair. Crossovers additionally show wider spacing than expected from uniformly random placement - defining the phenomenon of interference. In plants, HEI10 E3 ligase initially loaded along meiotic chromosomes, before maturing into small number foci, corresponding to crossover locations. We review coarsening model explains these dynamics as diffusion aggregation process, resulting approximately evenly spaced foci. how underlying chromatin states, presence interhomolog polymorphisms, shape recombination landscape, light model. Finally, we consider future directions understand control plant genomes.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 2016 - 2030
Published: Nov. 16, 2023
Language: Английский
Citations
11
PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. e1011185 - e1011185
Published: March 15, 2024
The segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis typically requires tight end-to-end chromosome pairing. However, in Drosophila spermatogenesis, male flies segregate their without classic synaptonemal complex formation and recombination, instead compartmentalizing homologs into subnuclear domains known as territories (CTs). How find each other the nucleus are separated CTs has been one biggest riddles biology. Here, we discuss our current understanding pairing CT review recent data on how linked partitioned flies.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 18, 2025
Summary Polyploidy plays a key role in genome evolution and crop improvement. The formation of bivalents rather than multivalents during meiosis polyploids is essential to ensure meiotic stability optimal fertility the species. However, mechanisms preventing multivalent recombination remain obscure. We studied synaptonemal complex polyploid by mutating transverse filament component ZYP1 allotetraploid Brassica napus autotetraploid Arabidopsis. In B. , mutation all four copies results pairing accompanied partner switches, nonhomologous recombination, interlocks, leading severe chromosome entanglement abortion. presence only one functional allele compromises synapsis associations occur at nonsynaptic regions. Moreover, disruption causes complete shift from predominantly exclusively pachytene cells synthetic Arabidopsis thaliana resulting dramatic increase frequency metaphase I. conclude that ZYP1‐mediated assembly facilitates pairwise homologous both allopolyploid autopolyploid species ensuring diploid‐like bivalent meiosis.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Nucleic Acids Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53(4)
Published: Feb. 4, 2025
Abstract During meiosis, the number and distribution of crossovers (COs) must be precisely regulated through CO assurance interference to prevent chromosome missegregation genomic instability in progeny. Here we show that this regulation COs depends on a disordered conserved domain within synaptonemal complex (SC). This is located at C-terminus central element protein SYP-4 Caenorhabditis elegans. While not necessary for synapsis, crucial both interference. Although contains many potential phosphorylation sites, found primary regulator events. Instead, discovered nine phenylalanines are required recruit pro-CO factor predicted an E3 ligase regulate physical properties SC. We propose plays role maintaining SC state allows transmitting signals formation. underlying mechanisms remain fully understood, our findings align with existing models suggesting critical determining along chromosomes, thereby safeguarding genome future generations.
Language: Английский
Citations
0