2022 Prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases in Of the Russian Federation. National guidelines

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 3235 - 3235

Published: April 20, 2022

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Mechanisms of formation and progression of cardiovascular pathology in obesity

Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 102(11-12), P. 800 - 811

Published: March 7, 2025

Obesity is currently recognized as a pandemic of modernity and serious medical social problem that brings significant economic damage to society. This largely due the increase younger onset obesity-related morbidity, accompanied by cardiovascular pathology, which worsens quality life, leading early temporary permanent loss working capacity premature death. review presents an analysis current understanding risks mechanisms system in obesity, role insulin resistance, hormonal activity adipose tissue, prognostic significance different types obesity. Along with traditional risk factors, obesity associated range metabolic disorders, development systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, specific myocardial damage—lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. pathological condition significantly contributes dysfunction (heart failure, urgent arrhythmias sudden cardiac death) even absence ischemic heart disease. The provides data on features remodeling its progression, methods diagnosis. It emphasizes diagnosing dysfunction, well adequate treatment this pathology—including non-drug interventions, surgical procedures, use weightloss medications—is far from being resolved. necessitates in-depth research into pathology search for new, optimal, effective, safe prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

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Obesity in the 21st Century. Prevalence, Phenotypes, Course Variants and Consequences

Bulletin of Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 268 - 303

Published: April 15, 2024

The review article examines the issues of obesity regarding its prevalence, phenotypes, course and consequences. anatomical, physiological functional features adipose tissue are discussed. “Discussion” section presents authors’ own clinical observations on therapeutic surgical in treatment obesity. Currently, is divided into white, brown beige. White can turn each other through beige stage. volume activity require greater expenditure metabolism oxygen molecules more pronounced women. components extracellular matrix collagen types I, III, V, VI. structure varies depending location, size fat, age, gender, state kidneys, thyroid gland, nature food, energy sleep patterns. With intense work cold exposure, hormone irisin formed skeletal muscles, which promotes transformation white or beige, helps reduce body weight obesity, has a beneficial effect type 2 diabetes mellitus associated diseases. Traditionally, obese individuals metabolically healthy unhealthy based degree metabolic disorders. In visceral lipolysis occurs with high intensity, supports development inflammation. decreased expression adiponectin accelerates atherosclerotic cardiovascular As increases, acquires an inflammatory phenotype, manifested by increased cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-1, interleukin-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha), hyperactivation renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, as well excessive cell infiltration immune system (leukocytes, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages). During inflammation tissue, (M1) atherogenic (M4) phenotypes macrophages dominate. morbid number reach up to 50% all cells.

Language: Английский

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Obesity trends in populations of the Russian Federation and the United States of America. Thirty-year long dynamics

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 67 - 72

Published: Aug. 20, 2018

Aim. To evaluate the dynamics of obesity and mean body mass index (BMI) in Russia USA various age gender categories during 1975-2014. Material methods. By a repeat analysis one-moment studies Russian US population 1975-1982 2007-2014, values BMI were assessed men women 25-64 y. o. Into analysis, data was included from part Lipid Clinics study multicenter ESSE-RF (Epidemiology cardiovascular diseases risk factors regions Federation). American acquired NHANES (National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey), open access. Total number observations 48974. Results. In 80s XX century all groups levels lower comparing to Russia, there no significant differences. For following 30 years situation improved for <45 — differences with changed modality, currently is than USA. Conclusion. below ago by females ages, males. increase strata women, same, but lesser. Comparison prevalence showed some predominance males, especially young, not statistically significant. had higher regardless age. Currently, young more prevalent USA, >45 old Russia.

Language: Английский

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The frequency of metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes in women aged 25–44 years with different levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, leptin

Сибирский научный медицинский журнал, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 111 - 123

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Reports that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in obesity is not same, led to allocation metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes (MHP MUHP), this concept based on ability adipose tissue produce a number adipokines, one which leptin. Hormones such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) prolactin (PRL) are interesting from point view their effect metabolism. Aim study was investigate prevalence MHP MUHP young women with different body mass index (BMI) hormonal status (TSH, PRL, leptin) phenotypes. Material methods. A group ( n = 655) selected representative sample Novosibirsk population aged 25–44 clinical laboratory parameters. The design cross – sectional, observational, single centre study. IDF, 2005 NCEP ATP III, 2001 criteria were used evaluate MUHP. Results discussion. 22.3 %, 77.7 % according 2005; 13.1 86.9 respectively. increased increasing BMI 4.0 72.0 2.3 58.0 2001, In obese women, detected twice often 72 28 2005, 58 42 2001. TSH PRL do provide information about metabolic health women. Leptin content associated BMI. threshold value leptin level 18.3 ng/ml maximum sensitivity specificity (Se 53.3 Sp 81.5 %), 14.5 equal 65.7 %). area under ROC curve (AUC) for diagnosis 0.727 (SE 0.029, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. frequency decreases 3.5 times less common than IDF criteria, 2005. phenotype more has been identified markers recognition years, regardless

Language: Английский

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Potential of nutrition in body weight improvement in type 2 diabetes

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 3607 - 3607

Published: July 20, 2023

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a nutritionally dependent disease. Modern scientific data indicate the possibility of remission T2D by therapeutic nutrition and lifestyle. The results prospective studies have been accumulated regarding impact micro- macronutrients, individual foods food systems on prevention treatment T2D. A flexible system for choosing nutritional model with proven efficacy safety in can contribute to better glycemic control body weight correction.

Language: Английский

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Clinical and laboratory features of the course of non-alcoholic liver steatosis in women in the early postmenopausal period living on the territory of an industrial megapolis

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 53 - 60

Published: July 25, 2023

The aim. To study risk factors, clinical features, anthropometric, biochemical and metabolic parameters, parameters of the functional state endothelium, level interleukin-6 (IL-6) markers hemostasis in patients with non-alcoholic liver steatosis early postmenopausal period living Perm. Materials methods. 100 women were examined: 70 form overweight or obesity varying severity (49.9±1.1 years) 30 practically healthy without pathology (47.3±2.6 years). Biochemical lipid spectrum, insulin, leptin, leptin receptors, (IL-6), endothelial dysfunction, determined blood all subjects, body mass index (BMI), free index, NOMA-IR Caro calculated. Liver was by ultrasound examination. Results. General weakness (35%), (35%) pain (15%) right hypochondrium dyspepsia - belching (25%), nausea (15%), heartburn (10%), flatulence (10%). Hypertension observed 60% women, type 2 diabetes mellitus 24%. All had a genoid obesity. 34% overweight, 29% obese 1st degree, 23% 2nd 14% 3rd degree. Conclusion: In examined Perm, factors for development identified: consumption high-calorie foods high fat sugar content hypokinesia, course disease accompanied dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, inflammatory syndrome activation proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 hyperfibrinogenemia, also which increased during transition from 1 to 2-3 degrees

Language: Английский

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Thirty-year trends in the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in the populations of the Russian Federation and the United States of America

CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. 3304 - 3304

Published: Aug. 4, 2022

Aim . To study trends in the prevalence of hypertension (HTN), obesity, elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL cholesterol) levels Russia and USA from 1975 to 2014. Material methods According data cross-sectional population studies 1975-1982 2007-2014, risk factors (RFs) men women aged 25-64 was studied. The Lipid Research Clinics studies, Epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases their Risk Factors Regions Russian Federation (ESSE-RF) study, as well National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (USA) were used. total number persons analyzed 41268. proportion individuals with 95% confidence interval calculated. Results In 1980s, studied RFs United States did not differ most sex age groups. Over next 30 years, both populations are characterized by a decrease HTN non-HDL (≥ 3.7 mmol/l) an increase obesity. 2012, occurred more frequently than States. Obesity less common 25-44 years old >54 USA. ≥3,7 mmol/l compared higher people >44 lower 25-34 old. Conclusion there no differences cardiometabolic 2010s, HTn partly dyslipidemia Russia, obesity young middle-aged

Language: Английский

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Regional and ethnic factors of obesity and diabetes mellitus in women of re-productive age in the Pribaikal region

Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16, P. 238 - 245

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Introduction . Overweight is currently one of the leading global medical problems. and obesity contribute significantly to development diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorder can also cause premature death. Obesity has a negative impact on reproductive function; almost quarter women childbearing age are overweight about third them obese. Aim To study characteristics carbohydrate metabolism, hormonal indicators, clinical-metabolic profiles, well assess potential risk developing diabetes mellitus in fertile with residing Baikal region. Materials methods The involved 60 obese Pribaikalye region, including 33 Russian nationality (group 1) 27 Buryat 2). Anthropo-metric, sociodemographic behavioural criteria were analysed, questionnaires using FINDRISC Scale. General clinical analyses blood urine performed, lipid profile parameters, glucose, insulin, creatinine, transaminases, estradiol, thyroid hormone, leptin levels plasma studied. In addition, an oral glucose tolerance test was performed insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) calculated. Results group lower body weight compared Russians, higher leptin, HOMA- IR index, larger waist circumference observed. women, low physical activity makes significant contribution obesity, while for excessive caloric intake more important. accordance results scale survey, greatest mass (weight), group, addition these reduced activity. Conclusions will be great help pro-grammes prevention taking into account regional ethnic differences among population.

Language: Английский

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