Uptake and Biotransformation of the Tire Rubber-derived Contaminants 6-PPD and 6-PPD Quinone in the Zebrafish Embryo (Danio rerio)

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(41), С. 15598 - 15607

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2023

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPD) is a widely used antioxidant in tire rubber known to enter the aquatic environment via road runoff. The associated transformation product (TP) 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) causes extreme acute toxicity some fish species (e.g., coho salmon). To interpret species-specific toxicity, information about biotransformation products of 6-PPDQ would be relevant. This study investigated toxicokinetics and zebrafish embryo (ZFE) model. Over 96 h exposure, accumulated ZFE with concentration factors ranging from 140 2500 for 70 220 6-PPDQ. A total 22 TPs 12 were tentatively identified using liquid chromatography coupled high-resolution mass spectrometry. After exposure 6-PPD, comprised 47% peak area (TPA), 4-hydroxydiphenylamine being most prominent ZFE. Upon >95% taken up was biotransformed, + O glucuronide dominating (>80% TPA). Among other reactive N-phenyl-p-benzoquinone imine found. knowledge this may support studies organisms.

Язык: Английский

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A new toxicity mechanism of N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone: Formation of DNA adducts in mammalian cells and aqueous organisms

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 866, С. 161373 - 161373

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Occurrence and Fate of Substituted p-Phenylenediamine-Derived Quinones in Hong Kong Wastewater Treatment Plants

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(41), С. 15635 - 15643

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2023

-Phenylenediamine quinones (PPD-Qs) are a newly discovered class of transformation products derived from

Язык: Английский

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Amino antioxidants: A review of their environmental behavior, human exposure, and aquatic toxicity

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 317, С. 137913 - 137913

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Synthetic Antioxidants as Contaminants of Emerging Concern in Indoor Environments: Knowns and Unknowns

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(51), С. 21550 - 21557

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2023

Synthetic antioxidants, including synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs), amine (AAs), and organophosphite (OPAs), are essential additives for preventing oxidative aging in various industrial consumer products. Increasing attention has been paid to the environmental contamination caused by these chemicals, but our understanding of is generally limited compared other emerging contaminants such as plasticizers flame retardants. Many people spend a significant portion (normally greater than 80%) their time indoors, meaning that they experience widespread persistent exposure indoor contaminants. Thus, this Perspective focuses on problem The wide application commercial products demonstrated toxicity make them an important family concern. However, knowledge gaps still need be bridged: novel related transformation identified environments, different dust sampling strategies should employed evaluate human contaminants, geographic scope research broadened, partition coefficients among media investigated.

Язык: Английский

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Exposure to 6-PPD Quinone at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Inhibits Both Lifespan and Healthspan in C. elegans

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(48), С. 19295 - 19303

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

N-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6-PPD), one of the most common additives used in rubber, enters environment due to significant emissions tire wear particles. 6-PPD quinone (6-PPDQ) is an important derivative after ozonization. With concentrations ranging from nanograms per liter μg/L, 6-PPDQ has so far been identified a series water samples. Acute lethality coho salmon (LC50 < 1 μg/L) was lower than environmental 6-PPDQ, highlighting exposure risks 6-PPDQ. It becoming increasingly necessary investigate potential toxicity at concentrations. Here, we examined effect on lifespan and healthspan underlying mechanism Caenorhabditis elegans. Exposure (1 10 shortened lifespan. Meanwhile, during aging process, (0.1–10 could decrease both pumping rate locomotion behavior, suggesting healthspan. For molecular mechanism, dysregulation insulin signaling pathway linked In pathway, DAF-2 restricted function DAF-16 activate downstream targets (SOD-3 HSP-6), which turn controlled Additionally, response toxicity, peptides (INS-6, INS-7, DAF-28) corresponding receptor DAF-2. Therefore, environmentally relevant potentially causes damage by activating organisms.

Язык: Английский

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Widespread occurrence of two typical N, N’-substituted p-phenylenediamines and their quinones in humans: Association with oxidative stress and liver damage

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 468, С. 133835 - 133835

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Solar-light-activated periodate for degradation and detoxification of highly toxic 6PPD-quinone at environmental levels

Nature Water, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(5), С. 453 - 463

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Occurrence of p-phenylenediamine antioxidants in human urine

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 914, С. 170045 - 170045

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Environmental profiles, hazard identification, and toxicological hallmarks of emerging tire rubber-related contaminants 6PPD and 6PPD-quinone

Environment International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 187, С. 108677 - 108677

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2024

N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) is commonly used in rubber compounds as antioxidants to protect against degradation from heat, oxygen, and ozone exposure. This practice extends the lifespan of products, including tires, by preventing cracking, aging, deterioration. However, environmental consequences waste generated during product use, particularly formation 6PPD-quinone (6PPD-Q) through reaction 6PPD with ozone, have raised significant concerns due their detrimental effects on ecosystems. Extensive research has revealed widespread occurrence its derivate 6PPD-Q various compartments, air, water, soil. The emerging substance been shown pose acute mortality long-term hazards aquatic terrestrial organisms at concentrations below environmentally relevant levels. Studies demonstrated toxic a range organisms, zebrafish, nematodes, mammals. These include neurobehavioral changes, reproductive dysfunction, digestive damage exposure pathways. Mechanistic insights suggest that mitochondrial stress, DNA adduct formation, disruption lipid metabolism contribute toxicity induced 6PPD-Q. Recent findings human samples, such blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, underscore importance further public health toxicological implications these compounds. distribution, fate, biological effects, underlying mechanisms environment highlight urgent need for additional understand address impacts

Язык: Английский

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