Small Structures,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 14, 2024
The
intervertebral
disks
(IVD)
serve
as
shock
absorbers
in
the
spine.
As
largest
avascular
tissue
human
body,
it
has
a
limited
capacity
for
regeneration.
To
address
this
issue,
various
innovative
biomimetic
materials
have
been
explored
to
facilitate
IVD
regeneration
at
both
microscopic
and
macroscopic
levels.
Techniques
such
electrostatic
spinning
fiber‐winding
machines
employed
prepare
materials.
In
review,
physiological
structure
of
is
described,
advanced
studies
on
its
microstructure
are
summarized.
techniques
used
biomaterial
development
further
investigated,
that
systematically
explored.
Specifically,
article
provides
detailed
description
summary
key
features
materials,
including
types
loads
they
can
withstand
their
regenerative
effects.
Finally,
prospective
outlook
application
presented.
Ageing Research Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
98, P. 102323 - 102323
Published: May 9, 2024
Oxidative
stress
is
one
of
the
main
driving
mechanisms
intervertebral
disc
degeneration(IDD).
has
been
associated
with
inflammation
in
disc,
cellular
senescence,
autophagy,
and
epigenetics
cells.
It
above
pathological
are
closely
linked
through
common
hub
reactive
oxygen
species(ROS),
promote
each
other
process
degeneration
development
disease.
This
reveals
important
role
oxidative
IDD,
importance
great
potential
IDD
therapy
targeting
stress.
The
efficacy
traditional
unstable
or
cannot
be
maintained.
In
recent
years,
due
to
rise
materials
science,
many
bioactive
functional
have
applied
treatment
combination
drugs,
satisfactory
achieved.
At
present,
research
review
antioxidant
not
complete.
Based
on
existing
studies,
mechanism
were
summarized
this
paper,
strategies
based
emerging
reviewed.
ACS Nano,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17(14), P. 13441 - 13460
Published: July 11, 2023
Characterized
by
nucleus
pulposus
(NP)
cell
senescence
and
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
degradation,
disc
degeneration
is
a
common
pathology
for
various
degenerative
spinal
disorders.
To
date,
effective
treatments
are
absent.
Here,
we
found
that
Glutaredoxin3
(GLRX3)
an
important
redox-regulating
molecule
associated
with
NP
degeneration.
Using
hypoxic
preconditioning
method,
developed
GLRX3+
mesenchymal
stem
cell-derived
vehicles
(EVs-GLRX3),
which
enhanced
the
cellular
antioxidant
defense,
thus
preventing
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
accumulation
cascade
expansion
in
vitro.
Further,
tissue-like
biopolymer-based
supramolecular
hydrogel,
was
injectable,
degradable,
ROS-responsive,
proposed
to
deliver
EVs-GLRX3
treating
rat
model
of
degeneration,
demonstrated
EVs-GLRX3-loaded
hydrogel
attenuated
mitochondrial
damage,
alleviated
state,
restored
ECM
deposition
modulating
redox
homeostasis.
Our
findings
suggested
modulation
homeostasis
can
rejuvenate
attenuate
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
232, P. 123479 - 123479
Published: Jan. 30, 2023
Disc
degeneration
is
the
common
pathology
underlying
various
degenerative
spinal
disorders
and
currently
there
no
effective
cure.
Here,
we
found
nucleus
pulposus
(NP)
cell
senescence
was
closely
associated
with
severity
of
disc
degeneration,
exosomes
(Exos)
derived
from
mesenchymal
stem
cells
(MSCs)
ameliorated
NP
promoted
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
deposition.
As
chitosan-based
hydrogels
have
been
widely
used
as
vehicles
to
deliver
Exos
due
their
prominent
antibacterial
capacity,
biocompatibility,
biodegradability,
developed
an
Exos-laden
hydrogel
based
on
quaternized
chitosan
(QCS)
oxidized
starch
(OST)
treat
degeneration.
The
synthesized
QCS-OST
injectable,
self-healing,
biocompatible,
demonstrated
desirable
pore
size,
injectable
properties,
sustainable
release
Exos.
In
a
rat
model
QCS-OST/Exos
able
rejuvenate
senescence,
promote
ECM
remodeling,
partially
restore
structures
annulus
fibrosis.
Our
findings
suggested
that
novel
therapeutic
strategy
for
treating
via
alleviating
senescence.
Materials Today Bio,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22, P. 100752 - 100752
Published: July 28, 2023
Intervertebral
disc
(IVD)
degeneration
occurred
with
the
increasing
age
or
accidents
has
puzzled
peoples
in
daily
life.
To
seal
IVD
defect
by
injectable
hydrogels
is
a
promising
method
for
slowing
down
degeneration.
Herein,
we
reported
rapidly
situ
forming
chitosan/PEG
hydrogel
(CSMA-PEGDA-L)
through
integrating
photo-crosslink
of
methacrylate
chitosan
(CSMA)
Schiff
base
reaction
between
CSMA
and
aldehyde
polyethylene
glycol
(PEGDA).
The
CSMA-PEGDA-L
possessed
stronger
compressive
strength
than
photo-crosslinked
CSMA-L
Schiff-base-crosslinked
CSMA-PEGDA
hydrogel.
This
showed
low
cytotoxicity
from
incubation
experiments
nucleus
pulpous
cells.
When
implanted
on
punctured
rat's
tail,
could
well
retard
progression
physical
plugging,
powerfully
proven
radiological
histological
evaluations.
work
demonstrated
strategy
glue
may
be
potential
solution
prevention
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 5103 - 5119
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Early
intervention
during
intervertebral
disc
degeneration
(IDD)
plays
a
vital
role
in
inhibiting
its
deterioration
and
activating
the
regenerative
process.
Aiming
at
high
oxidative
stress
(OS)
IDD
microenvironment,
core–shell
structured
nanozyme
composed
of
Co-doped
NiO
nanoparticle
(CNO)
as
core
encapsulated
with
polydopamine
(PDA)
shell,
named
PDA@CNO,
was
constructed,
hoping
to
regulate
pathological
environment.
The
results
indicated
that
coexistence
abundant
Ni3+/Ni2+and
Co3+/Co2+redox
couples
CNO
provided
rich
catalytic
sites;
meanwhile,
quinone
catechol
groups
PDA
shell
could
enable
proton-coupled
electron
transfer,
thus
endowing
PDA@CNO
multiple
antioxidative
enzyme-like
activities
scavenge
•O2–,
H2O2,
•OH
efficiently.
Under
OS
conditions
vitro,
effectively
reduce
intracellular
ROS
nucleus
pulposus
(NP)
into
friendly
H2O
O2,
protect
NP
cells
from
stagnant
proliferation,
abnormal
metabolism
(senescence,
mitochondria
dysfunction,
impaired
redox
homeostasis),
inflammation,
thereby
reconstructing
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
homeostasis.
vivo
local
injection
experiments
further
proved
desirable
therapeutic
effects
rat
model,
suggesting
great
potential
prohibiting
deterioration.
While
mesenchymal
stem
cell
(MSC)
shows
great
potentials
in
treating
intervertebral
disc
degeneration,
most
MSC
die
soon
after
intradiscal
transplantation,
resulting
inferior
therapeutic
efficacy.
Currently,
bulk
hydrogels
are
the
common
solution
to
improve
survival
tissues,
although
hydrogel
encapsulation
impairs
migration
and
disrupts
extracellular
microenvironment.
Cell
has
been
proposed
overcome
limitation
of
traditional
hydrogels,
yet
this
technique
not
used
degeneration.
Using
a
layer-by-layer
self-assembly
technique,
we
fabricated
alginate
gelatin
microgel
encapsulate
individual
for
The
small
size
allowed
injection
coated
MSC.
We
demonstrated
that
pyroptosis
was
involved
death
under
oxidative
stress
stimulation,
coating
suppressed
activation
by
maintaining
mitochondria
homeostasis.
Microgel
protected
harsh
microenvironment,
while
retaining
vital
cellular
functions
such
as
migration,
proliferation,
differentiation.
In
rat
model
exhibits
prolonged
retention
better
efficacy
attenuating
compared
with
bare
treatment
alone.
Further,
microgel-coated
exhibited
improved
effects
degeneration
via
suppressing
disc.
For
first
time,
microgel-encapsulated
treat
obtain
encouraging
outcomes.
developed
biocompatible
single-cell
is
an
effective
strategy
protect
maintain
may
be
efficacious
approach
improving
therapy
objective
study
using
further
understand
related
cytoprotective
mechanisms.
Acta Biomaterialia,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
180, P. 244 - 261
Published: April 12, 2024
Low
back
pain
is
a
leading
cause
of
disability
worldwide,
often
attributed
to
intervertebral
disc
(IVD)
degeneration
with
loss
the
functional
nucleus
pulposus
(NP).
Regenerative
strategies
utilizing
biomaterials
and
stem
cells
are
promising
for
NP
repair.
Human
tissue
highly
viscoelastic,
relaxing
stress
rapidly
under
deformation.
However,
impact
tissue-specific
viscoelasticity
on
activities
adipose-derived
(ASC)
remains
largely
unexplored.
Here,
we
investigated
role
matrix
in
regulating
ASC
differentiation
IVD
regeneration.
Viscoelastic
alginate
hydrogels
relaxation
time
scales
ranging
from
100s
1000s
were
developed
used
culture
human
ASCs
21
days.
Our
results
demonstrated
that
fast-relaxing
hydrogel
significantly
enhanced
long-term
cell
survival
NP-like
extracellular
secretion
aggrecan
type-II
collagen.
Moreover,
gene
expression
analysis
revealed
substantial
upregulation
mechanosensitive
ion
channel
marker
TRPV4
NP-specific
markers
such
as
SOX9,
HIF-1α,
KRT18,
CDH2
CD24
cultured
within
hydrogel,
compared
slower-relaxing
hydrogels.
These
findings
highlight
critical
behavior
suggest
key
parameter
novel
design
improve
efficacy
therapy
•Systematically
characterized
influence
tissue-mimetic
ASC.
•NP-mimetic
tunable
tissue-matched
stiffness.
•Long-term
metabolic
activity
substantially
improved
hydrogel.
•The
allows
higher
rate
protrusions
formation
remodeling.
•ASC
towards
an
phenotype
promoted
more
positive
indicating
committed
fate.
TRPV4,
molecular
sensor
viscoelasticity,
sensing
during
development.
ECM
considerably
influenced
by
where
deposition
collagen