International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(5), P. 2354 - 2354
Published: March 6, 2025
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
a
dynamic
development
in
therapies
utilizing
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
including
exosomes.
Therefore,
we
have
conducted
an
analysis
of
the
scientific
literature
to
verify
current
state
knowledge
about
these
therapies.
A
total
12
clinical
studies
were
analyzed,
covering
use
EVs
treating
skin
aging,
acne
scars,
alopecia,
and
wound
healing.
The
results
indicate
that
exosomes
hold
potential
regenerative
therapies,
offering
innovative
non-invasive
therapeutic
approaches.
At
same
time,
significant
challenges
related
standardization
their
production
lack
large-scale
randomized
identified.
Thus,
also
evaluated
investigated
trials
regard
MISEV
(Minimal
Information
for
Studies
Extracellular
Vesicles)
criteria.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
contemporary
applications
therapy
medicine,
highlighting
directions
further
research.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
Abstract
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
nano-sized,
membranous
structures
secreted
into
the
extracellular
space.
They
exhibit
diverse
sizes,
contents,
and
surface
markers
ubiquitously
released
from
cells
under
normal
pathological
conditions.
Human
serum
is
a
rich
source
of
these
EVs,
though
their
isolation
proteins
non-EV
lipid
particles
poses
challenges.
These
transport
various
cellular
components
such
as
proteins,
mRNAs,
miRNAs,
DNA,
lipids
across
distances,
influencing
numerous
physiological
events,
including
those
within
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
Their
pivotal
roles
in
communication
make
EVs
promising
candidates
for
therapeutic
agents,
drug
delivery
systems,
disease
biomarkers.
Especially
cancer
diagnostics,
EV
detection
can
pave
way
early
identification
offers
potential
diagnostic
Moreover,
subtypes
emerging
targeted
tools,
highlighting
clinical
significance.
The
need
non-invasive
biomarkers
to
monitor
biological
processes
purposes
remains
unfulfilled.
Tapping
unique
composition
could
unlock
advanced
avenues
future.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
detail
conditions,
cancers
(encompassing
head
neck,
lung,
gastric,
breast,
hepatocellular
carcinoma),
neurodegenerative
disorders,
diabetes,
viral
infections,
autoimmune
renal
diseases,
emphasizing
advancements
molecular
diagnostics
delivery.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(30)
Published: June 14, 2024
Abstract
In
recent
decades,
research
on
Extracellular
Vesicles
(EVs)
has
gained
prominence
in
the
life
sciences
due
to
their
critical
roles
both
health
and
disease
states,
offering
promising
applications
diagnosis,
drug
delivery,
therapy.
However,
inherent
heterogeneity
complex
origins
pose
significant
challenges
preparation,
analysis,
subsequent
clinical
application.
This
review
is
structured
provide
an
overview
of
biogenesis,
composition,
various
sources
EVs,
thereby
laying
groundwork
for
a
detailed
discussion
contemporary
techniques
preparation
analysis.
Particular
focus
given
state‐of‐the‐art
technologies
that
employ
microfluidic
non‐microfluidic
platforms
EV
processing.
Furthermore,
this
discourse
extends
into
innovative
approaches
incorporate
artificial
intelligence
cutting‐edge
electrochemical
sensors,
with
particular
emphasis
single
proposes
current
outlines
prospective
avenues
future
research.
The
objective
motivate
researchers
innovate
expand
methods
analysis
fully
unlocking
biomedical
potential.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
36(15)
Published: Jan. 17, 2024
Abstract
Nanotechnology
profoundly
affects
the
advancement
of
medicine.
Limitations
in
diagnosing
and
treating
cancer
chronic
diseases
promote
growth
nanomedicine.
However,
there
are
very
few
analytical
descriptive
studies
regarding
trajectory
nanomedicine,
key
research
powers,
present
landscape,
focal
investigative
points,
future
outlooks.
Herein,
articles
reviews
published
Science
Citation
Index
Expanded
Web
Core
Collection
from
first
January
2000
to
18th
July
2023
analyzed.
a
bibliometric
visualization
publication
trends,
countries/regions,
institutions,
journals,
categories,
themes,
references,
keywords
is
produced
elaborated.
Nanomedicine‐related
academic
output
increasing
since
COVID‐19
pandemic,
solidifying
uneven
global
distribution
performance.
While
China
leads
terms
quantity
has
numerous
highly
productive
USA
advantages
impact,
commercialization,
industrial
value.
Nanomedicine
integrates
with
other
disciplines,
establishing
interdisciplinary
platforms,
which
drug
delivery
nanoparticles
remain
points.
Current
focuses
on
integrating
nanomedicine
cell
ferroptosis
induction
immunotherapy.
The
keyword
“burst
testing”
identifies
promising
directions,
including
immunogenic
death,
chemodynamic
therapy,
tumor
microenvironment,
immunotherapy,
extracellular
vesicles.
prospects,
major
challenges,
barriers
addressing
these
directions
discussed.
Journal of Extracellular Vesicles,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(7)
Published: July 1, 2024
Abstract
Nowadays,
it
has
become
clear
that
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
not
a
cellular
waste
disposal
vesicle
but
an
essential
part
of
intercellular
communication
system.
Besides
the
use
EVs
in
biomarker
studies
and
diagnostics,
potential
EV‐therapeutics
been
seen
by
many.
They
provide
unique
properties
for
disease
therapy,
including
strong
immune‐modulatory
actions,
possibility
engineering,
low
immunogenicity,
capability
crossing
biological
barriers.
Proof‐of‐concept
various
pathologies
achieved
preclinical
studies.
However,
clinical
trials
with
have
only
emerging
slowly.
Here,
we
aim
to
comprehensive
overview
current
state‐of‐the‐art
concerning
using
human
therapy.
By
approaching
knowledge
systematic
manner,
were
able
include
21
reports
meta‐analysis
safety
evaluation
efficacy
outcomes.
Overall,
shown
EV‐based
therapy
is
safe
incidence
serious
adverse
events
(SAE;
0.7%
(95%‐CI:
0.1–5.2%),
(AE;
4.4%
0.7–22.2%).
Subgroup
analysis
showed
no
significant
difference
SAE
when
comparing
autologous
versus
allogeneic
administration,
as
well
engineered
non‐engineered
EV
products.
A
significantly
higher
number
AE
was
administration.
relevance
remains
questionable.
Evaluation
outcomes
immunostimulatory,
immunosuppressive
or
regenerative
EV‐therapies
indicated
improvement
majority
treated
patients.
Despite
these
promising
results,
data
need
be
approached
caution
due
high
heterogeneity
manufacturing
methods,
study
design,
reporting
(S)AE.
conclude
presents
opportunity
More
efforts
needed
standardization
harmonization
isolation
characterization
(S)AE
allow
inter‐study
comparison.
ACS Applied Nano Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(8), P. 8489 - 8506
Published: April 15, 2024
Cancer
is
the
most
challenging
health
complication
worldwide.
Scientific
society
has
tried
to
decode
its
complications
and
developing
a
smart
solution
for
mankind.
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
are
an
emerging
frontier
in
cancer
research.
EVs
provide
fresh
insight
into
understanding
of
released
from
all
active
cells.
classified
some
major
classes,
such
as
apoptotic
bodies,
microvesicles,
exosomes.
Exosomes
among
exciting
tools
current
research
they
work
cellular
messengers
(which
reflects
cell's
healthy
or
pathological
conditional
status).
In
tumor
microenvironment,
regulate
several
complicated
events
uncontrolled
cell
growth,
immune
suppression,
angiogenesis,
extracellular
matrix
remodeling,
metastasis,
organ-specific
drug
therapeutic
resistance,
stem
development.
also
source
promising
biomarkers
involved
both
diagnosis
prognosis
performs
role.
Exosomes-based
nanomedicine
which
application
nanosize
theranostics
sensor
orientation,
supports
overcoming
management
limitations,
early
therapeutics
specific,
effective,
affordable.
this
review,
we
have
highlighted
integration
exosomes
nanotechnology
cutting-edge
approach
precision
oncology.
Regenerative Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26, P. 260 - 274
Published: June 1, 2024
Chronic
wounds
represent
a
significant
global
burden,
afflicting
millions
with
debilitating
complications.
Despite
standard
care,
impaired
healing
persists
due
to
factors
like
persistent
inflammation
and
tissue
regeneration.
Mesenchymal
stem
cell
(MSC)-derived
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
offer
an
innovative
regenerative
medicine
approach,
delivering
cell-derived
therapeutic
cargo
in
engineered
nanoscale
delivery
systems.
This
review
examines
pioneering
bioengineering
strategies
engineer
MSC-EVs
into
precision
nanotherapeutics
for
chronic
wounds.
Emerging
technologies
CRISPR
gene
editing,
microfluidic
manufacturing,
biomimetic
systems
are
highlighted
their
potential
enhance
MSC-EV
targeting,
optimize
enrichment,
ensure
consistent
clinical-grade
production.
However,
key
hurdles
remain,
including
batch
variability,
rigorous
safety
assessment
tumorigenicity,
immunogenicity,
biodistribution
profiling.
Crucially,
collaborative
frameworks
harmonizing
regulatory
science
patient
advocacy
hold
the
expediting
clinical
translation.
By
overcoming
these
challenges,
could
catalyze
new
era
of
off-the-shelf
therapies,
restoring
hope
afflicted
by
non-healing
Stem Cell Research & Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: June 18, 2024
Abstract
Chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
adoptive
immunotherapy
is
a
promising
cancer
treatment
that
uses
genetically
engineered
T
cells
to
attack
tumors.
However,
this
therapy
can
have
some
adverse
effects.
CAR-T
cell-derived
exosomes
are
potential
alternative
may
overcome
limitations.
Exosomes
small
vesicles
released
by
and
carry
variety
of
molecules,
including
proteins,
RNA,
DNA.
They
play
an
important
role
in
intercellular
communication
be
used
deliver
therapeutic
agents
cells.
The
application
could
make
more
clinically
controllable
effective.
cell-free,
which
means
they
less
likely
cause
reactions
than
combination
effective
way
treat
either
alone.
where
cannot
reach.
appropriate
both
cellular
exosomal
platforms
practicable
for
cancer.
This
offer
safe
cancers.
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(5), P. 100951 - 100951
Published: Aug. 23, 2024
Metal-organic
frameworks
(MOFs)
offer
innovative
solutions
to
the
limitations
of
traditional
oral
drug
delivery
systems
through
their
unique
combination
metal
ions
and
organic
ligands.
This
review
systematically
examines
structural
properties
principles
MOFs,
setting
stage
for
application
in
delivery.
It
discusses
various
classes
including
those
based
on
zirconium,
iron,
zinc,
copper,
titanium,
aluminum,
potassium,
magnesium,
assessing
drug-loading
capacities,
biocompatibility,
controlled
release
mechanisms.
The
effectiveness
MOFs
is
illustrated
case
studies
that
highlight
capabilities
enhancing
solubility,
providing
protection
against
harsh
gastrointestinal
environment,
enabling
precise
release.
addresses
potential
challenges,
particularly
toxicity
concerns
associated
with
calls
further
research
into
biocompatibility
interactions
biological
systems.
concludes
by
emphasizing
revolutionizing
delivery,
highlighting
critical
need
comprehensive
harness
full
clinical
applications.
ACS Sensors,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(4), P. 2043 - 2049
Published: March 23, 2024
Extracellular
vesicles,
especially
exosomes,
have
attracted
attention
in
the
last
few
decades
as
novel
cancer
biomarkers.
Exosomal
membrane
proteins
provide
easy-to-reach
targets
and
can
be
utilized
information
sources
of
their
parent
cells.
In
this
study,
a
MagLev-based,
highly
sensitive,
versatile
biosensor
platform
for
detecting
minor
differences
density
suspended
objects
is
proposed
exosome
detection.
The
developed
utilizes
antibody-functionalized
microspheres
to
capture
exosomal
(ExoMPs)
EpCAM,
CD81,
CD151
markers
cancerous
non-small
cell
lung
(NSCLC)-derived
respectively.
Initially,
was
protein
detection
quantification
by
targeting
solubilized
ExoMPs,
dynamic
range
1–100
nM,
with
LoD
values
1.324,
0.638,
0.722
nM
CD151,
were
observed,
Then,
sensor
tested
using
isolates
derived
from
NSCLC
line
A549
MRC5
healthy
fibroblast
line.
It
shown
that
able
detect
differentiate
biomarkers
non-cancerous
lines.
Overall,
innovative,
simple,
rapid
method
shows
great
potential
early
diagnosis
through
biomarker
