Recent Nanotechnologies to Overcome the Bacterial Biofilm Matrix Barriers

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(6)

Published: Dec. 5, 2022

Abstract Bacterial biofilm‐related infectious diseases severely influence human health. Under typical situations, pathogens can colonize inert or biological surfaces and form biofilms. Biofilms are functional aggregates that coat bacteria with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The main reason for the failure of biofilm infection treatment is low permeability enrichment therapeutic agents within biofilm, which results from particular features matrix barriers such as negatively charged components highly viscous compact EPS structures. Hence, developing novel strategies enhanced penetrability crucial. Herein, current progress nanotechnology methods to improve agents’ against matrix, regulating material morphology surface properties, utilizing physical penetration nano/micromotors microneedle patches, equipping nanoparticles degradation enzymes signal molecules, first summarized. Finally, challenges, perspectives, future implementations engineered delivery systems manage infections presented in detail.

Language: Английский

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Magnetically Actuated Continuum Medical Robots: A Review

Advanced Intelligent Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(6)

Published: March 1, 2023

The magnetic field has unique advantages in manipulating miniature robots working inside the human body, such as high transparency to biological tissue and good controllability for generation. Generally, actuated robot can be classified into two categories: tethered devices like intravascular microcatheters untethered helical swimmers. Among these, have a long history clinical application prospects, considering their high‐dose delivery easy removal after procedure. As an evolution of traditional continuum medical devices, integration with actuation provides them better scalability improved dexterity. Although rapidly developed last decades, requires further advancements terms design, fabrication, modeling, control, especially applications. Herein, recent progress magnetically is focused on, intending offer readers comprehensive survey state‐of‐the‐art technologies information collection future system design.

Language: Английский

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Gallium Liquid Metal: Nanotoolbox for Antimicrobial Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(15), P. 14406 - 14423

Published: July 28, 2023

The proliferation of drug resistance in microbial pathogens poses a significant threat to human health. Hence, treatment measures are essential surmount this growing problem. In context, liquid metal nanoparticles promising. Gallium, post-transition notable for being at physiological temperature, has drawn attention its distinctive properties, high antimicrobial efficacy, and low toxicity. Moreover, gallium demonstrate anti-inflammatory properties immune cells. Gallium can alloy with other metals be prepared various composites modify tailor characteristics functionality. More importantly, the bactericidal mechanism could sidestep emerging mechanisms. Building on rationale, gallium-based enable impactful innovative strategic pathways battle against resistance. This review outlines nanoscale their corresponding mechanisms provide comprehensive yet succinct overview current applications. addition, challenges opportunities that require further research efforts have been identified discussed.

Language: Английский

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pH‐Triggered Size‐Transformable and Bioactivity‐Switchable Self‐Assembling Chimeric Peptide Nanoassemblies for Combating Drug‐Resistant Bacteria and Biofilms

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(29)

Published: May 5, 2023

Drug-resistant bacteria and biofilm-associated infections are prominent problems in the field of antibacterial medicine, seriously affecting human animal health. Despite great potential nanomaterials field, overcoming paradox size charge, efficient penetration, retention within biofilms remain a formidable challenge. Here, self-assembling chimeric peptide nanoassemblies composed multiple functional fragments designed for treatment drug-resistant infections. Notably, self-assembles into nanofibers at pH 7.4 is transformable nanoparticles acidic biofilm-infected microenvironment 5.0, thus achieves reduction charge increase, improving penetration bacterial killing by mechanism dominated membrane cleavage. In vivo mouse piglet infection models confirm ability to reduce load biofilms. Collectively, this research on pathological-environment-driven nanostructural transformations may provide theoretical basis designing high-performance advance application peptide-based medicine husbandry.

Language: Английский

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Nano–Bio Interactions: Biofilm‐Targeted Antibacterial Nanomaterials

Small, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(7)

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Abstract Biofilm is a spatially organized community formed by the accumulation of both microorganisms and their secretions, leading to persistent chronic infections because high resistance toward conventional antibiotics. In view tunable physicochemical properties related unique biological behavior (e.g., size‐, shape‐, surface charge‐dependent penetration, protein corona endowed targeting, catalytic‐ electronic‐related oxidative stress, optical‐ magnetic‐associated hyperthermia, etc.), nanomaterials‐based therapeutics are widely used for treatment biofilm‐associated infections. this review, characteristics biofilm introduced. And antibacterial strategies further discussed via including preventing formation, enhancing disrupting mature biofilm, acting as drug delivery systems. which, interactions between nanomaterials include mechanical disruption, electron transfer, enzymatic degradation, hyperthermia. Additionally, current advances targeting summarized. This review aims present complete vision nanomaterials–biofilm (nano–bio) interactions, paving way future development clinical translation effective nanomedicines.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasound-responsive catalytic microbubbles enhance biofilm elimination and immune activation to treat chronic lung infections

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(4)

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Efficient treatment of chronic lung infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms is a great challenge because drug tolerance and immune evasion issues. Here, we develop ultrasound-responsive catalytic microbubbles with biofilm elimination activation properties to combat infection induced P. biofilms. In these microbubbles, piperacillin Fe3O4 nanoparticles form drug-loaded shell surrounding the air core. Under ultrasound stimulation, can physically disrupt structure enhance penetration both into biofilm. Then, chemically degrade matrix kill bacteria assistance piperacillin. activate response for polarizing macrophages pro-inflammatory phenotype. These efficiently treat in mouse model combining physical/chemical/antibiotic activation, thus providing promising strategy combating bacterial infections.

Language: Английский

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Fully Recyclable, Healable, Soft, and Stretchable Dynamic Polymers for Magnetic Soft Robots

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(31)

Published: April 14, 2023

Abstract Magnetic soft robots capable of wirelessly controlled programmable deformation and locomotion are desirable for diverse applications. Such multi‐variable actuation ideally requires a polymer matrix with well‐defined range softness stretchability (Young's modulus 0.1–10 MPa, high >200%). However, this defined mechanical excludes most candidates, leaving only limited number available polymers (e.g., PDMS, Ecoflex) covalently cross‐linked networks that may lead to non‐recyclable further potential threats environment. Herein, based on the synergistic effects reduced cross‐linking density intermolecular hydrogen bonding, dynamic covalent polyimine is newly designed as magnetic microparticles fillers, integrate stretchability, full chemical recyclability, rapid room‐temperature healability multimodal into single robot. The stretchable enough process in various geometries by simple laser cutting, without need pre‐design geometry suit target scenarios. Through cyclic depolymerization/repolymerization, recycling restores 100% robots’ properties deformability/mobility their original level within seconds heals quickly minutes when damaged, facilitating ideal material economy

Language: Английский

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Multimodal‐Driven Magnetic Microrobots with Enhanced Bactericidal Activity for Biofilm Eradication and Removal from Titanium Mesh

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(23)

Published: March 30, 2023

Modern micro/nanorobots can perform multiple tasks for biomedical and environmental applications. Particularly, magnetic microrobots be completely controlled by a rotating field their motion powered without the use of toxic fuels, which makes them most promising application. Moreover, they are able to form swarms, allowing specific at larger scale than single microrobot. In this work, developed composed halloysite nanotubes as backbone iron oxide (Fe3 O4 ) nanoparticles material propulsion covered these with polyethylenimine load ampicillin prevent from disassembling. These exhibit multimodal robots well in swarms. addition, transform tumbling spinning vice-versa, when swarm mode change vortex ribbon back again. Finally, is used penetrate disrupt extracellular matrix Staphylococcus aureus biofilm colonized on titanium mesh bone restoration, improves effect antibiotic's activity. Such removal medical implants could reduce implant rejection improve patients' well-being.

Language: Английский

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Nanotechnology in healthcare, and its safety and environmental risks

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Abstract Nanotechnology holds immense promise in revolutionising healthcare, offering unprecedented opportunities diagnostics, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and combating infectious diseases. This review explores the multifaceted landscape of nanotechnology healthcare while addressing critical aspects safety environmental risks associated with its widespread application. Beginning an introduction to integration we first delved into categorisation various materials employed, setting stage for a comprehensive understanding potential. We then proceeded elucidate diverse applications nanotechnology, spanning medical tissue engineering, targeted gene development antimicrobial agents. The discussion extended current situation surrounding clinical translation commercialisation these cutting-edge technologies, focusing on nanotechnology-based products that have been approved globally date. also discussed considerations nanomaterials, both terms human health impact. presented vivo nanomaterial exposure, relation transport mechanisms, oxidative stress, physical interactions. Moreover, highlighted risks, acknowledging potential implications ecosystems biodiversity. Lastly, strived offer insights regulatory governing across different regions globally. By synthesising perspectives, underscore imperative balancing innovation stewardship, charting path forward responsible healthcare. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Tracking and navigation of a microswarm under laser speckle contrast imaging for targeted delivery

Science Robotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(87)

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Micro/nanorobotic swarms consisting of numerous tiny building blocks show great potential in biomedical applications because their collective active delivery ability, enhanced imaging contrast, and environment-adaptive capability. However, vivo real-time tracking micro/nanorobotic remain a challenge, considering the limited size spatial-temporal resolution current modalities. Here, we propose strategy that enables navigation microswarm stagnant flowing blood environments by using laser speckle contrast (LSCI), featuring full-field imaging, high temporal-spatial resolution, noninvasiveness. The change dynamic convection induced can be quantitatively investigated analyzing perfusion unit (PU) distribution, offering an alternative approach to investigate swarm behavior its interaction with various environments. Both surrounding environment were monitored imaged LSCI real time, images further analyzed for simultaneous complex vascular system. Moreover, our realized vivo, showing promising LSCI-guided

Language: Английский

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