Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Feb. 18, 2022
Abstract
Enzyme
catalysts
are
an
integral
part
of
green
chemistry
strategies
towards
a
more
sustainable
and
resource-efficient
chemical
synthesis.
However,
the
use
biocatalysed
reactions
in
retrosynthetic
planning
clashes
with
difficulties
predicting
enzymatic
activity
on
unreported
substrates
enzyme-specific
stereo-
regioselectivity.
As
now,
only
rule-based
systems
support
using
biocatalysis,
while
initial
data-driven
approaches
limited
to
forward
predictions.
Here,
we
extend
reaction
as
well
pathway
prediction
models
based
Molecular
Transformer
architecture
biocatalysis.
The
knowledge
is
learned
from
extensive
data
set
publicly
available
biochemical
aid
new
class
token
scheme
enzyme
commission
classification
number,
which
captures
catalysis
patterns
among
different
enzymes
belonging
same
hierarchy.
model
(top-1
accuracy
49.6%),
single-step
round-trip
39.6%)
curated
made
facilitate
adoption
design
greener
processes.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
60(1), P. 88 - 119
Published: June 18, 2020
Abstract
Biocatalysis
has
found
numerous
applications
in
various
fields
as
an
alternative
to
chemical
catalysis.
The
use
of
enzymes
organic
synthesis,
especially
make
chiral
compounds
for
pharmaceuticals
well
the
flavors
and
fragrance
industry,
are
most
prominent
examples.
In
addition,
biocatalysts
used
on
a
large
scale
specialty
even
bulk
chemicals.
This
review
intends
give
illustrative
examples
this
field
with
special
focus
scalable
production
using
enzymes.
It
also
discusses
opportunities
limitations
enzymatic
syntheses
distinct
provides
outlook
emerging
enzyme
classes.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
51(15), P. 6251 - 6290
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Enzyme
immobilization
has
been
developing
since
the
1960s
and
although
many
industrial
biocatalytic
processes
use
technology
to
improve
enzyme
performance,
still
today
we
are
far
from
full
exploitation
of
field.
One
clear
reason
is
that
evaluate
based
on
only
a
few
experiments
not
always
well-designed.
In
contrast
other
reviews
subject,
here
highlight
pitfalls
using
incorrectly
designed
protocols
explain
why
in
cases
sub-optimal
results
obtained.
We
also
describe
solutions
overcome
these
challenges
come
conclusion
recent
developments
material
science,
bioprocess
engineering
protein
science
continue
open
new
opportunities
for
future.
this
way,
immobilization,
being
mature
discipline,
remains
as
subject
high
interest
where
intense
research
necessary
take
advantage
possibilities.
ACS Central Science,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
7(1), P. 55 - 71
Published: Jan. 14, 2021
Biocatalysis,
using
defined
enzymes
for
organic
transformations,
has
become
a
common
tool
in
synthesis,
which
is
also
frequently
applied
industry.
The
generally
high
activity
and
outstanding
stereo-,
regio-,
chemoselectivity
observed
many
biotransformations
are
the
result
of
precise
control
reaction
active
site
biocatalyst.
This
achieved
by
exact
positioning
reagents
relative
to
each
other
fine-tuned
3D
environment,
specific
activating
interactions
between
protein,
subtle
movements
catalyst.
Enzyme
engineering
enables
one
adapt
catalyst
desired
process.
A
well-filled
biocatalytic
toolbox
ready
be
used
various
reactions.
Providing
nonnatural
conditions
evolving
biocatalysts
play
with
myriad
options
creating
novel
transformations
thereby
opening
new,
short
pathways
target
molecules.
Combining
several
pot
perform
reactions
concurrently
increases
efficiency
biocatalysis
even
further.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
50(14), P. 8003 - 8049
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Technological
developments
enable
the
discovery
of
novel
enzymes,
advancement
enzyme
cascade
designs
and
pathway
engineering,
moving
biocatalysis
into
an
era
technology
integration,
intelligent
manufacturing
enzymatic
total
synthesis.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
50(10), P. 5850 - 5862
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
This
tutorial
review
focuses
on
recent
advances
in
technologies
for
enzyme
immobilisation,
enabling
their
cost-effective
use
the
bio-based
economy
and
continuous
processing
general.
Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
382(6673)
Published: Nov. 23, 2023
Biocatalysis
harnesses
enzymes
to
make
valuable
products.
This
green
technology
is
used
in
countless
applications
from
bench
scale
industrial
production
and
allows
practitioners
access
complex
organic
molecules,
often
with
fewer
synthetic
steps
reduced
waste.
The
last
decade
has
seen
an
explosion
the
development
of
experimental
computational
tools
tailor
enzymatic
properties,
equipping
enzyme
engineers
ability
create
biocatalysts
that
perform
reactions
not
present
nature.
By
using
(chemo)-enzymatic
synthesis
routes
or
orchestrating
intricate
cascades,
scientists
can
synthesize
elaborate
targets
ranging
DNA
pharmaceuticals
starch
made
vitro
CO2-derived
methanol.
In
addition,
new
chemistries
have
emerged
through
combination
biocatalysis
transition
metal
catalysis,
photocatalysis,
electrocatalysis.
review
highlights
recent
key
developments,
identifies
current
limitations,
provides
a
future
prospect
for
this
rapidly
developing
technology.
Green Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
23(14), P. 4980 - 5005
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
The
entrapment
of
enzymes
in
organic,
inorganic
or
biomaterials
can
yield
active
immobilized
biocatalysts
for
chemical
transformations
without
the
need
to
form
covalent
bonds
with
protein.
Chemical Reviews,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
122(1), P. 1052 - 1126
Published: Nov. 30, 2021
Biocatalysis,
using
enzymes
for
organic
synthesis,
has
emerged
as
powerful
tool
the
synthesis
of
active
pharmaceutical
ingredients
(APIs).
The
first
industrial
biocatalytic
processes
launched
in
half
last
century
exploited
whole-cell
microorganisms
where
specific
enzyme
at
work
was
not
known.
In
meantime,
novel
molecular
biology
methods,
such
efficient
gene
sequencing
and
triggered
breakthroughs
directed
evolution
rapid
development
process-stable
with
broad
substrate
scope
good
selectivities
tailored
substrates.
To
date,
are
employed
to
enable
shorter,
more
efficient,
sustainable
alternative
routes
toward
(established)
small
molecule
APIs,
additionally
used
perform
standard
reactions
API
efficiently.
Herein,
large-scale
synthetic
containing
key
steps
>130
APIs
approved
drugs
drug
candidates
compared
corresponding
chemical
protocols
(if
available)
regarding
steps,
reaction
conditions,
scale.
review
is
structured
according
functional
group
formed
reaction.
