Müller glial cell photosensitivity: A novel function bringing higher complexity to vertebrate retinal physiology DOI Creative Commons
Natalia Andrea Marchese, Maximiliano N. Ríos, Mario E. Guido

et al.

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13, P. 100162 - 100162

Published: Jan. 14, 2023

The retina of vertebrates is responsible for detecting and capturing ambient light image non-image forming (NIF) functions through diverse projections to the brain which regulate visual processing, pupillary responses, photic synchronization circadian rhythms suppression pineal melatonin, among others. For this, have retained evolution at least two sets photoreceptors specialized primarily in such NIF tasks: cones rods day/night vision, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) together with horizontal some vertebrates, expressing melanopsin (Opn4). Interestingly, Opn4 as well encephalopsin (Opn3) neuropsin (Opn5), responding blue UV light, respectively, are expressed inner command detection range visible spectra; they a number still lacking characterization. Though most derived from ciliary or neuronal progenitor cells, recent years Müller glial (MCs), abundant cell type, been shown express different opsins (Opn3 Opn5) photoisomerase G protein-coupled receptor (RGR), respond directly light. MCs display essential maintain homeostasis survival whole retina, contributing glutamate metabolism chromophore recycling. novel photoreceptive capacity MCs, mainly region, offers several highly intriguing possibilities that increase complexity levels its light-activated circuits, calling further investigation. goal present review discuss state art research on principal macroglial focusing responses driven by biochemical mechanisms triggered after stimulation their putative implications.

Language: Английский

Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells of the Human Retina DOI Creative Commons
Ludovic S. Mure

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 25, 2021

Light profoundly affects our mental and physical health. In particular, light, when not delivered at the appropriate time, may have detrimental effects. mammals, light is perceived only by rods cones but also a subset of retinal ganglion cells that express photopigment melanopsin renders them intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs). ipRGCs participate in contrast detection play critical roles non-image-forming vision, set responses include circadian entrainment, pupillary reflex (PLR), modulation sleep/alertness, mood. are found human retina, their response to has been characterized indirectly through suppression nocturnal melatonin PLR. However, until recently, had rarely investigated directly. This gap progressively being filled as, over last years, an increasing number studies provided descriptions morphology, gene expression. Here, I review progress knowledge ipRGCs, different morphological functional subtypes described so far how they match murine subtypes. highlight questions remain be addressed. Investigating as these few major role well-being. Additionally, display increased vulnerability or resilience certain disorders compared conventional RGCs, deeper function could help identify therapeutic approaches develop diagnostic tools. Overall, better understanding eye will deliver precise usage recommendations implement light-based interventions improve cognitive performance, mood, life quality.

Language: Английский

Citations

107
The cognitive impact of light: illuminating ipRGC circuit mechanisms DOI
Heather Mahoney, Tiffany M. Schmidt

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 159 - 175

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Circadian Photoentrainment in Mice and Humans DOI Creative Commons
F. Foster, Steven Hughes, Stuart N. Peirson

et al.

Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 180 - 180

Published: July 21, 2020

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we review mechanisms and responses of mouse human systems to light. Both utilize a network photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) expressing photopigment melanopsin (OPN4). In both species action spectra functional expression OPN4 in vitro show that has λmax close 480 nm. Anatomical findings demonstrate there are multiple pRGC sub-types, with some evidence mice, but little humans, regarding their roles regulating physiology behavior. Studies non-human primates rods cones project can modulate light pRGCs. Such an integration signals enables detect dim light, higher intensities intermittent exposure, whilst measures bright over extended periods time. Although photoreceptor similar, sensitivity thresholds differ markedly between mice humans. Mice entrain at approximately 1 lux few minutes, humans require high irradiance (>100's lux) long duration (>30 min). The basis this difference remains unclear. As our exposure is highly dynamic, because interactions complex difficult model, attempts develop evidence-based lighting enhance very challenging. A way forward will be define artificial natural "real world" where intensity, duration, spectral quality, time day, history age each assessed.

Language: Английский

Citations

121
The role of ipRGCs in ocular growth and myopia development DOI Creative Commons

Ailin Liu,

Yunfeng Liu, Ge Wang

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(23)

Published: June 8, 2022

The increasing global prevalence of myopia calls for elaboration the pathogenesis this disease. Here, we show that selective ablation and activation intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) in developing mice induced myopic hyperopic refractive shifts by modulating corneal radius curvature (CRC) axial length (AL) an opposite way. Melanopsin- rod/cone-driven signals ipRGCs were found to influence development affecting AL CRC, respectively. role progression is evidenced attenuated form-deprivation magnitudes ipRGC-ablated melanopsin-deficient animals enhanced melanopsin expression/photoresponses form-deprived eyes. Cell subtype–specific showed M1 subtype cells, probably M2/M3 are involved ocular development. Thus, contribute substantially mouse eye growth development, which may inspire novel strategies intervention.

Language: Английский

Citations

46
A review of the current state of research on artificial blue light safety as it applies to digital devices DOI Creative Commons
Nikita Wong, Hamed Bahmani

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. e10282 - e10282

Published: Aug. 1, 2022

Light is necessary for human health and well-being. As we spend more time indoors, are being increasingly exposed to artificial light. The development of lighting has allowed us control the brightness, colour, timing our light exposure. Yet, widespread use raised concerns about impact altering environment on health. adoption personal digital devices over past decade yet another source We a significant amount using with light-emitting screens, including smartphones tablets, at close range. emitted from these devices, while appearing white, an emission spectrum peak in blue Blue often characterised as hazardous its photon energy higher than that other wavelengths visible Under certain conditions, can cause harm retina ocular structures. also influence circadian rhythm processes mediated by melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. While component sunlight various physiological processes, whether low-illuminance presents risk remains ongoing area debate. technological advancements continue, it relevant understand how new may This review examines existing research safety eye, visual performance, functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

43
A Comprehensive Overview of the Neural Mechanisms of Light Therapy DOI Creative Commons
Xiaodan Huang, Qian Tao, Chaoran Ren

et al.

Neuroscience Bulletin, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(3), P. 350 - 362

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Abstract Light is a powerful environmental factor influencing diverse brain functions. Clinical evidence supports the beneficial effect of light therapy on several diseases, including depression, cognitive dysfunction, chronic pain, and sleep disorders. However, precise mechanisms underlying effects are still not well understood. In this review, we critically evaluate current clinical showing diseases. addition, introduce research progress regarding neural circuit modulatory functions, mood, memory, pain perception, sleep, circadian rhythm, development, metabolism.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Short-term acute bright light exposure induces a prolonged anxiogenic effect in mice via a retinal ipRGC-CeA circuit DOI Creative Commons
Ge Wang, Yunfeng Liu,

Zhe Yang

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(12)

Published: March 22, 2023

Light modulates mood through various retina-brain pathways. We showed that mice treated with short-term acute bright light exposure displayed anxiety-related phenotypes in a prolonged manner even after the termination of exposure. Such postexposure anxiogenic effect depended upon melanopsin-based intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) activities rather than rod/cone photoreceptor inputs. Chemogenetic manipulation specific central nuclei demonstrated ipRGC-central amygdala (CeA) visual circuit played key role this effect. The corticosterone system was likely to be involved effect, as evidenced by enhanced expression glucocorticoid receptor (GR) protein CeA and bed nucleus stria terminalis absence animals GR antagonist. Together, our findings reveal non-image forming specifically designed for "the delayed" extinction anxiety against potential threats, thus conferring survival advantage.

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Non-visual Opsins and Novel Photo-Detectors in the Vertebrate Inner Retina Mediate Light Responses Within the Blue Spectrum Region DOI
Mario E. Guido, Natalia Andrea Marchese, Maximiliano N. Ríos

et al.

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 59 - 83

Published: Nov. 24, 2020

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Melanopsin phototransduction: beyond canonical cascades DOI Creative Commons
Ely Contreras,

Alexis P. Nobleman,

Phyllis R. Robinson

et al.

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 224(23)

Published: Nov. 29, 2021

Melanopsin is a visual pigment that expressed in small subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs). It involved regulating non-image forming behaviors, such as circadian photoentrainment and the pupillary light reflex, while also playing role many aspects image-forming vision, contrast sensitivity. was initially discovered melanophores skin frog Xenopus, subsequently found rat, mouse primate retinas. ipRGCs were thought to be single cell population, melanopsin activate single, invertebrate-like Gq/transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC)-based phototransduction cascade within these cells. However, 20 years since discovery melanopsin, our knowledge this has expanded dramatically. Six ipRGC subtypes have now been identified mouse, each with unique morphological, physiological functional properties. Multiple other species, suggesting type diversity general feature system. This led renewed interest may not follow Gq/TRPC or plethora organisms express photopigment. In Review, we discuss recent findings discoveries challenged prevailing view pathway influences solely functions.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Modeling Circadian Phototransduction: Retinal Neurophysiology and Neuroanatomy DOI Creative Commons
Mark S. Rea, Rohan Nagare, Mariana G. Figueiro

et al.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 5, 2021

The retina is a complex, but well-organized neural structure that converts optical radiation into signals convey photic information to wide variety of brain structures. present paper concerned with the circuits underlying phototransduction for central pacemaker human circadian system. proposed framework adheres orthodox retinal neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. Several postulated mechanisms are also offered account high threshold subadditive response polychromatic light exhibited by circuit. A companion paper, modeling phototransduction: Quantitative predictions psychophysical data, provides computational model predicting data associated nocturnal melatonin suppression while staying within constraints neurophysiology here.

Language: Английский

Citations

34