Translational Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
The
hypothalamus
is
critical
for
regulation
of
the
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA)
axis
and
response
to
stress.
Adverse
childhood
experience
(ACE)
can
affect
brain
structure,
which
may
contribute
development
posttraumatic
stress
disorder
(PTSD)
after
subsequent
adult
trauma.
It
unclear,
however,
if
ACE
history
particularly
associated
with
aspects
hypothalamic
structure
PTSD.
To
address
this
issue,
present
study
longitudinally
assessed
volumes
their
associations
early
post-trauma
symptoms
in
subjects
who
did
or
not
develop
PTSD
during
12
months
109
(18-60
years,
F/M
=
75/34)
completed
Checklist
(PCL)
questionnaire
symptoms,
Childhood
Trauma
Questionnaire
(CTQ)
assessment,
an
initial
MRI
scan
volume
measurement,
within
2
weeks
At
months,
underwent
a
diagnosis
interview
using
Clinician-Administered
Scale
(CAPS),
follow-up
scan.
Left
right
at
trauma
negatively
correlated
CTQ
scores.
Right
time
mediated
association
between
later.
also
remained
persistently
smaller
from
survivors
developed
These
results
suggest
that
be
related
ways
adulthood.
Health Psychology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
40(8), P. 556 - 568
Published: Aug. 1, 2021
Although
the
health
consequences
of
life
stress
exposure
in
general
population
are
well
known,
how
different
stressors
occurring
over
lifetime
cause
morbidity
and
mortality
autism
is
unclear,
as
factors
that
moderate
mediate
these
associations.
The
few
studies
have
compared
autistic
nonautistic
individuals
used
instruments
yield
indices
assess
short
time
periods.
Psychoneuroendocrinology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
153, P. 106111 - 106111
Published: April 12, 2023
Age-related
differences
in
the
psychophysiology
of
acute
stress
response
are
poorly
understood
given
limited
number
studies
and
high
heterogeneity
findings.
The
present
study
contributes
by
investigating
age
both
psychological
physiological
responses
to
a
sample
healthy
younger
(N
=
50;
18-30;
Mage
23.06;
SD
2.90)
older
adults
65-84;
71.12;
5.02).
Specifically,
effects
psychosocial
(i.e.,
age-adapted
Trier
Social
Stress
Test)
were
investigated
at
numerous
timepoints
throughout
phases
baseline,
anticipation,
reactivity,
recovery)
on
cortisol,
heart
rate,
subjective
stress,
anticipatory
appraisal
stressful
situation.
was
conducted
between-subject
(younger
vs.
older)
cross-over
(stress
control)
design.
Results
revealed
age-related
variables:
had
overall
lower
salivary
cortisol
levels
control
conditions
stress-induced
increase
AUCi).
In
addition,
adults'
reactivity
delayed
compared
adults.
Older
showed
rate
condition
while
no
observed
condition.
Finally,
reported
less
negative
during
anticipation
phase
than
adults,
which
could
potentially
explain
this
group.
discussed
relation
existing
literature,
potential
underlying
mechanisms,
future
directions
for
field.
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
59(11), P. 3134 - 3146
Published: April 11, 2024
Abstract
Early
life
stress
(ELS)
exposure
alters
susceptibility
in
later
and
affects
vulnerability
to
stress‐related
disorders,
but
how
ELS
changes
the
long‐lasting
responsiveness
of
system
is
not
well
understood.
Zebrafish
provides
an
opportunity
study
conserved
mechanisms
underlying
development
function
response
that
regulated
largely
by
neuroendocrine
hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal/interrenal
(HPA/I)
axis,
with
glucocorticoids
(GC)
as
final
effector.
In
this
study,
we
established
a
method
chronically
elevate
endogenous
GC
levels
during
early
larval
zebrafish.
To
end,
employed
optogenetic
actuator,
beggiatoa
photoactivated
adenylyl
cyclase,
specifically
expressed
interrenal
cells
zebrafish
demonstrate
its
chronic
activation
leads
hypercortisolaemia
dampens
acute‐stress
evoked
cortisol
levels,
across
variety
stressor
modalities
life.
This
blunting
stress–response
was
ontogeny
at
developmental
stage.
Furthermore,
observe
strong
reduction
proopiomelanocortin
(
pomc
)‐expression
pituitary
upregulation
fkbp5
gene
expression.
Going
forward,
propose
model
can
be
leveraged
tease
apart
programming
HPA/I
axis
early‐life
implications
for
resilience
adulthood.
Psychology Research and Behavior Management,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
Volume 17, P. 1961 - 1972
Published: May 1, 2024
Abstract:
The
revolution
in
technology
has
impacted
the
work
and
personal
lives
of
human
beings
greatly.
While
it
introduced
mankind
to
a
more
comfortable
life,
brought
stress
too
form
technostress,
situation
where
person
fails
cope
up
with
ever-advancing
experiences
symptoms.
increasing
intensity
technostress
calls
for
research
on
diving
deeper
into
causes
coping
mechanisms.
However,
requires
successful
reliable
assessment
stress.
It
been
observed
recent
years
that
biomarkers
such
as
cortisol
salivary
alpha
amylase
are
indicators
There
several
reports
researchers
have
used
questionnaires
surveys
assess
but
number
studies
using
is
limited.
established
biomarker
an
important
complement
study
technostress.
Here,
we
summarize
done
along
rationale
these
biomarkers.
Keywords:
biomarkers,
cortisol,
skin
conductance,
amylase,
heart
rate
variability
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: Dec. 3, 2020
Losing
a
spouse
is
considered
one
of
the
most
stressful
life
events
person
can
experience.
Particularly
in
immediate
weeks
and
months
after
loss,
bereavement
associated
with
significantly
increased
risk
morbidity
mortality.
Despite
an
abundance
research
aimed
at
identifying
factors
for
adverse
health
outcomes
following
marital
death,
mechanisms
through
which
mental
physical
problems
emerge
remain
poorly
understood.
To
address
this
issue,
present
review
examines
several
pathways
that
may
link
health,
including
inflammation
immune
dysregulation,
genetic
epigenetic
changes,
gut
microbiota
activity,
biological
aging.
We
then
describe
how
these
processes
be
viewed
from
perspective
Social
Signal
Transduction
Theory
Depression
to
provide
novel
framework
understanding
individual
differences
long-term
trajectories
adjustment
interpersonal
loss.
Finally,
we
discuss
avenues
future
on
psychobiological
linking
outcomes.
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
144, P. 105003 - 105003
Published: Dec. 16, 2022
Empathy
is
a
fundamental
component
of
our
social-emotional
experience.
Over
the
last
decade,
there
has
been
increased
interest
in
understanding
effects
acute
stress
on
empathy.
We
provide
first
comprehensive-and
systematic-overview
identifying
emerging
patterns
and
gaps
this
literature.
Regarding
affective
empathy,
abundant
evidence
for
contagion-the
'spillover'
from
stressed
target
to
an
unstressed
perceiver.
highlight
contextual
factors
that
can
facilitate
and/or
undermine
these
effects.
Fewer
studies
have
investigated
revealing
nuanced
picture,
some
suggests
block
contagion
other's
emotions;
but
again
differences
need
be
considered.
cognitive
most
find
no
conclusive
simplistic
measures
emotion
recognition;
however,
using
more
complex
empathy
tasks
might
affect
differentially
men
women.
This
review
provides
important
step
towards
how
impact
social-togetherness,
aims
aid
future
research
by
highlighting
(in)congruencies
outstanding
questions.
Clinical Psychological Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(5), P. 773 - 800
Published: Feb. 22, 2023
Although
exposure
to
acute
stress
undoubtedly
contributes
psychopathology,
most
individuals
do
not
develop
psychopathology
following
exposure.
To
explain
this,
biological,
emotional,
and
cognitive
responses
have
been
implicated,
but
individual
differences
in
executive
control
(i.e.,
top-down
of
cognition
behavior)
measured
response
has
only
recently
emerged
as
a
potential
factor
contributing
psychopathology.
In
this
review,
we
introduce
model-the
integrated
model
stress,
control,
psychopathology-positing
how
the
impairing
effects
on
can
contribute
We
link
research
processes,
all
which
be
impacted
by
propose
framework
for
poorer
under
conditions
This
is
intended
further
our
understanding
who
more
susceptible
negative
consequences
stress.
