Associations of timing of physical activity with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a prospective cohort study

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 18, 2023

There is a growing interest in the role of timing daily behaviors improving health. However, little known about optimal physical activity to maximize health benefits. We perform cohort study 92,139 UK Biobank participants with valid accelerometer data and all-cause cause-specific mortality outcomes, comprising over 7 years median follow-up (638,825 person-years). Moderate-to-vigorous intensity (MVPA) at any time day associated lower risks for all-cause, cardiovascular disease, cancer mortality. In addition, compared morning group (>50% MVPA during 05:00-11:00), midday-afternoon (11:00-17:00) mixed groups, but not evening (17:00-24:00), have disease These protective associations are more pronounced among elderly, males, less physically active participants, or those preexisting diseases. Here, we show that may potential improve public

Language: Английский

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Time-restricted eating and exercise training improve HbA1c and body composition in women with overweight/obesity: A randomized controlled trial

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(10), P. 1457 - 1471.e4

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

Diet modification and exercise training are primary lifestyle strategies for obesity management, but poor adherence rates limit their effectiveness. Time-restricted eating (TRE) high-intensity interval (HIIT) improve cardiometabolic health in at-risk individuals, whether these two interventions combined induce superior improvements glycemic control than each individual intervention is not known. In this four-armed randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04019860), we determined the isolated effects of 7 weeks TRE (≤10-h daily window, with ad libitum energy intake) HIIT (three sessions per week), compared a non-intervention group, on secondary outcomes 131 women (36.2 ± 6.2 years) overweight/obesity. There were no statistically significant after TRE, HIIT, or combination (TREHIIT) glucose area under curve during an oral tolerance test (the outcome) group (TRE, −26.3 mmol/L; 95% confidence [CI], −82.3 to 29.7, p = 0.36; −53.8 CI, −109.2 1.6, 0.057; TREHIIT, −41.3 −96.4 13.8, 0.14). However, TREHIIT improved HbA1c induced reductions total visceral fat mass alone. High participant suggest that thereof may be realistic diet-exercise improving markers metabolic at risk disease.

Language: Английский

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The importance of exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes

American Journal of Medicine Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100031 - 100031

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Exercise is a first-line therapy recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although moderate to vigorous exercise (e.g. 150 min/wk) often advised alongside diet and/or behavior modification, an independent treatment that can prevent, delay or reverse T2D. Habitual exercise, consisting of aerobic, resistance their combination, fosters improved short- and long-term glycemic control. Recent work also shows high-intensity interval training successful at lowering blood glucose, as breaking up sedentary short-bouts light movement 3min). Interestingly, performing afternoon compared morning well post-meal versus pre-meal may yield slightly better benefit. Despite these efficacious benefits T2D care, optimal recommendations remain unclear when considering, dietary, medication, other behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in sleep, circadian rhythms, and metabolism: Implications for precision medicine

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 101926 - 101926

Published: March 21, 2024

The number of individuals experiencing sleep loss has exponentially risen over the past decades. Extrapolation laboratory findings to real world suggests that females are more affected by extended wakefulness and circadian misalignment than males are. Therefore, long-term effects such as metabolism disorders likely be prevalent in males. Despite emerging evidence for sex differences key aspects sleep-wake regulation, much remains unknown, often underrepresented research. This brief communication is intended highlight 1) how systematically impinge on regulation humans, 2) factors modulate metabolism, 3) meaning these precision medicine. Ultimately, justify factoring when optimizing individually targeted interventions humans.

Language: Английский

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Metformin and feeding increase levels of the appetite-suppressing metabolite Lac-Phe in humans

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 651 - 658

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract Metformin, a widely used first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D), is known to reduce blood glucose levels and suppress appetite. Here we report significant elevation of the appetite-suppressing metabolite N -lactoyl phenylalanine (Lac-Phe) in individuals treated with metformin across seven observational interventional studies. Furthermore, Lac-Phe were found rise response acute administration post-prandially patients T2D or metabolically healthy volunteers.

Language: Английский

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Timing of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity, Mortality, Cardiovascular Disease, and Microvascular Disease in Adults With Obesity

Diabetes Care, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(5), P. 890 - 897

Published: April 9, 2024

To assess the association between timing of aerobic moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and risk cardiovascular disease (CVD), microvascular (MVD), all-cause mortality in adults with obesity a subset type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Language: Английский

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Exercise in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(2), P. 98 - 111

Published: Oct. 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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Exercise timing influences multi-tissue metabolome and skeletal muscle proteome profiles in type 2 diabetic patients – A randomized crossover trial

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 155268 - 155268

Published: July 28, 2022

Aims/hypothesisMetabolic effects of exercise may partly depend on the time-of-day when is performed. We tested hypothesis that timing affects adaptations in multi-tissue metabolome and skeletal muscle proteome profiles men with type 2 diabetes.MethodsMen fitting inclusion (type diabetes, age 45–68 years body mass index 23–33 kg/m2) exclusion criteria (insulin treatment, smoking, concurrent systemic disease, regular training) were included a randomized crossover trial (n = 15). Participants this metabolomics proteomics analysis fully completed all sessions 8). The consisted two weeks high-intensity interval training (HIT) (three sessions/week) either morning (08:00, n 5) or afternoon (16:45, 3), two-week wash-out period, an additional HIT at opposing time. researchers not blinded to group allocation. Blood, subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained before first, after each period. Broad-spectrum, untargeted proteomic was performed muscle, metabolomic biosamples. Differential content assessed by linear regression pathway set enrichment analyses Coordinated metabolic changes across tissues identified Spearman correlation analysis.ResultsMetabolic remained stable HIT, individual metabolites proteins altered, irrespective time day which However, coordinated relevant pathways protein categories identified. Morning similarly increased plasma diacylglycerols, acyl-carnitines, sphingomyelins lysophospholipids. Acyl-carnitines central training-induced cross-talk tissues. Plasma carbohydrates, via penthose phosphate pathway, lipids decreased compared HIT. Skeletal lipoproteins higher, mitochondrial complex III abundance lower HIT.Conclusions/interpretationWe provide comprehensive responses different times diabetes. Increased circulating lipid composition common between greater degree than training. Thus, there diurnal component response clinical relevance warrants further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Sleep, circadian biology and skeletal muscle interactions: Implications for metabolic health

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 101700 - 101700

Published: Oct. 9, 2022

There currently exists a modern epidemic of sleep loss, triggered by the changing demands our 21st century lifestyle that embrace 'round-the-clock' remote working hours, access to energy-dense food, prolonged periods inactivity, and on-line social activities. Disturbances patterns impart widespread adverse effects on numerous cells, tissues, organs. Insufficient causes circadian misalignment in humans, including perturbed peripheral clocks, leading disrupted skeletal muscle liver metabolism, whole-body energy homeostasis. Fragmented or insufficient also perturbs hormonal milieu, shifting it towards catabolic state, resulting reduced rates protein synthesis. The interaction between metabolic health is complex, with mechanisms underpinning sleep-related disturbances this tissue often multifaceted. Strategies promote sufficient duration combined appropriate timing meals physical activity maintain rhythmicity are important mitigate inadequate health. This review summarises complex relationship sleep, biology, muscle, discusses effectiveness several strategies negative disturbed rhythms

Language: Английский

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Chronic diseases are first associated with the degradation and artificialization of food matrices rather than with food composition: calorie quality matters more than calorie quantity

European Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 61(5), P. 2239 - 2253

Published: Jan. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

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