Role of Stem Cells and Derived Exosomes as Novel Therapeutic Agents against Neuroinflammation and Stroke DOI

Rabab Syeda Mirza,

Nimisha Rawat,

Deepanshi Thakur

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Stroke is a disorder resulting predominantly from the rupture or blockage of blood vessels and third primary cause mortality disability worldwide in older population. Neuroinflammation, key pathological event ensuing acute strokes, propagates brain damage via microglia astrocyte stimulation, secretion pro-inflammatory cytokines, distortion blood-brain barrier (BBB), infiltration white cells (WBCs) into area infarction. Regenerative medicine using stem gaining popularity as panacea for stroke consequences due to properties pluripotency immunomodulation. Mesenchymal cell (MSC) transplantation rejuvenates injured nervous tissue by converting monocytes their anti-inflammatory phenotypes stimulating neurogenesis, astrogenesis, angiogenesis. Recent clinical evidence points towards treatment cell-isolated exosomes promising remedial cell-free approach strokes owing unique features like low toxicity immunogenicity, biodegradability, BBB penetrating capacity, critical function intercellular interaction. Exosomes MSCs aid neurorestoration repair induction anti-apoptotic actions well neurovascular remodeling. These extracellular nanovesicles (approximately 30–150 nm diameter) can be tailored targeted drug delivery vehicles transporting extrinsic protein factors, chemical molecules, foreign genes host cells. This chapter largely focuses on prospects derived novel therapeutic agents against neuroinflammation advancements made regarding same. Further studies are needed before either established attenuating improving consequences.

Language: Английский

Exosomes in brain diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets DOI Creative Commons
Qingying Si, Linlin Wu,

Deshui Pang

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(3)

Published: June 1, 2023

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with diameters of about 100 nm that naturally secreted by cells into body fluids. They derived from endosomes and wrapped in lipid membranes. involved intracellular metabolism intercellular communication. contain nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites the cell microenvironment cytoplasm. The contents exosomes can reflect their cells' origin allow observation tissue changes states under disease conditions. Naturally have specific biomolecules act as "fingerprint" parent cells, changed pathological conditions be used biomarkers for diagnosis. low immunogenicity, small size, cross blood-brain barrier. These characteristics make unique engineering carriers. incorporate therapeutic drugs achieve targeted drug delivery. carriers therapy still infancy, but exosome provides a new perspective cell-free therapy. This review discussed relationship occurrence treatment some neuropsychiatric diseases. In addition, future applications diagnosis disorders were evaluated this review.

Language: Английский

Citations

32
Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Therapeutic Mechanisms for Stroke DOI Open Access
Yuchen Zhang,

Naijun Dong,

Huanle Hong

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 2550 - 2550

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Due to aging of the world’s population, stroke has become increasingly prevalent, leading a rise in socioeconomic burden. In recent past, research and treatment have key scientific issues that need urgent solutions, with sharp focus on stem cell transplantation, which is known treat neurodegenerative diseases related traumatic brain injuries, such as stroke. Indeed, therapy brought hope many patients, both animal clinical trials. Mesenchymal cells (MSCs) are most commonly utilized biological medical research, due their pluripotency universality. MSCs often obtained from adipose tissue bone marrow, transplanted via intravenous injection. Therefore, this review will discuss therapeutic mechanisms extracellular vehicles (EVs) secreted by for stroke, attenuating inflammation through immunomodulation, releasing trophic factors promote effects, inducing angiogenesis, promoting neurogenesis, reducing infarct volume, replacing damaged cells.

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapy in lung diseases; from research to clinic DOI Open Access

Dailin Yuan,

Yufei Bao,

Ahmed El-Hashash

et al.

American Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 37 - 58

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Recent studies demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are important for the cell-based therapy of diseased or injured lung due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties as well limited side effects in experimental animal models. Preclinical have shown MSCs also a remarkable effect on immune cells, which play major roles pathogenesis multiple diseases, by modulating activity, proliferation, functions. In addition, can inhibit both infiltrated detrimental responses be used treating diseases caused virus infection such Tuberculosis SARS-COV-2. Moreover, source alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells. These MSC-derived functional AT2-like treat diminish serious disorders, including acute injury, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), fibrosis As an alternative MSC-based therapy, extracellular vesicles derived from employed medicine. Herein, we discussed key research findings recent clinical preclinical functions some common well-studied diseases. We mechanisms underlying employment attenuation injury/inflammation promotion regeneration after injury. Finally, described role pneumonia, COPD, idiopathic (IPF).

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Extracellular vesicles: Critical bilateral communicators in periphery-brain crosstalk in central nervous system disorders DOI Creative Commons
Danning Wang,

Shaodi Guan,

Pei Lu

et al.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 160, P. 114354 - 114354

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Growing evidence shows that there is a comorbid mechanism between the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral organs. The bilateral transmission of signal molecules in periphery-brain crosstalk plays an important role underlying mechanism, which result from complex networks neurohumoral circuits. Secreted by almost all cells considered innovative information transport systems, extracellular vesicles (EVs) encapsulate deliver nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, various other bioactive regulators. Moreover, EVs can cross blood-brain barrier (BBB), they are also identified primarily as essential communicators periphery CNS. In addition to transporting under physiological or pathological conditions, show novel potential targeted drug delivery. this review, we discuss mechanisms implicated immune systems well organs brain CNS disorders, especially neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, trauma. This work will help elucidating contributions health promote development new strategies for minimally invasive treatment.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
From stem cells to extracellular vesicles: a new horizon in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine DOI
Gajanan K Arbade,

Jovel Varghese Jose,

Arvind Gulbake

et al.

Cytotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76(4), P. 363 - 401

Published: May 8, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
The Effect of Collagen and Fibrin Hydrogels Encapsulated with Adipose Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury in a Rat Model. DOI
Zohreh Afsartala, Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem, Sadegh Shirian

et al.

PubMed, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. e3505 - e3505

Published: July 1, 2023

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived exosomes (MSC-DE) have been demonstrated to be potential candidates for the treatment of rat spinal cord injury (SCI).

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Exosomes in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Current Perspectives and Future Challenges DOI Creative Commons
Chao Zhou,

Fating Zhou,

Yarong He

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 1657 - 1657

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Cerebral ischemia impedes the functional or metabolic demands of central nervous system (CNS), which subsequently leads to irreversible brain damage. While recanalization blocked vessels recovers cerebral blood flow, it can also aggravate injury, termed as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Exosomes, nanometric membrane vesicles, attracted wide attention carriers biological macromolecules. In brain, exosomes be secreted by almost all types cells, and their contents altered during pathological clinical processes I/R Herein, we will review current literature on possible role cargos derived from exosomes-mediated intercellular communication in The PubMed Web Science databases were searched through January 2015. studies published English identified using search terms including "exosomes", "cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury", "brain "stroke". We focus potential therapeutic effects stem cell-derived underlying mechanisms Meanwhile, with advantages low immunogenicity cytotoxicity, high bioavailability, capacity pass blood-brain barrier, attract more modalities for treatment

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of COVID 19 DOI
Elham Zendedel, Lobat Tayebi, Mohammad Reza Nikbakht

et al.

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(8), P. 1055 - 1071

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Abstract: Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are being investigated as a treatment for novel viral disease owing to their immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, tissue repair and regeneration characteristics, however, the exact processes unknown. MSC therapy was found be effective in lowering immune system overactivation increasing endogenous healing after SARS-CoV-2 infection by improving pulmonary microenvironment. Many studies on mesenchymal stem cells have been undertaken concurrently, we may help speed up effectiveness of these collecting statistically analyzing data from them. Based clinical trial information clinicaltrials. gov 16 November 2020, which includes 63 trials field patient with COVID-19 using MSCs, according trend this field, meta-analysis studies, it is possible hope that promise MSCs will one day realized. The potential therapeutic applications study.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of Coronavirus disease 2019-associated stroke DOI Creative Commons
Lu Liu,

Chenxia Zhou,

Huimin Jiang

et al.

Frontiers of Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(6), P. 1047 - 1067

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has triggered a huge impact on healthcare, socioeconomics, and other aspects of the world over past three years. An increasing number studies have identified complex relationship between COVID-19 stroke, although active measures are being implemented to prevent transmission. Severe may be associated with an increased risk stroke increase rates disability mortality, posing serious challenge acute diagnosis, treatment, care. This review aims provide update influence itself or vaccines including arterial (ischemic hemorrhagic stroke) venous (cerebral thrombosis). Additionally, neurovascular mechanisms involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection clinical characteristics setting presented. Evidence vaccinations, potential therapeutic approaches, effective strategies for management been highlighted.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Extracellular Vesicles: The Invisible Heroes and Villains of COVID‐19 Central Neuropathology DOI Creative Commons

Haiqing Chang,

Erya Chen,

Yi Hu

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(10)

Published: Dec. 24, 2023

Abstract Acknowledging the neurological symptoms of COVID‐19 and long‐lasting damage even after epidemic ends are common, necessitating ongoing vigilance. Initial investigations suggest that extracellular vesicles (EVs), which assist in evasion host's immune response achieve SARS‐CoV‐2 systemic spreading, contribute to virus's attack on central nervous system (CNS). The pro‐inflammatory, pro‐coagulant, immunomodulatory properties EVs contents may directly drive neuroinflammation cerebral thrombosis COVID‐19. Additionally, have attracted attention as potential candidates for targeted therapy due their innate homing properties, low immunogenicity, ability cross blood‐brain barrier (BBB) freely. Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell (MSCs) secreted widely applied evaluated patients with therapeutic effect, considering limited antiviral treatment. This review summarizes involvement neuropathology carriers or other pathogenic contents, predictors by transporting brain‐derived substances, agents delivering biotherapeutic substances drugs. Understanding diverse roles neuropathological aspects provides a comprehensive framework developing, treating, preventing severe consequences associated disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

2