Vitamin D in Cancer Prevention: Gaps in Current Knowledge and Room for Hope

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(21), P. 4512 - 4512

Published: Oct. 27, 2022

Intensive epigenome and transcriptome analyses have unveiled numerous biological mechanisms, including the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, induced apoptosis in neoplastic cells, as well modulation antineoplastic action immune system, which plausibly explains observed population-based relationship between low vitamin D status increased cancer risk. However, large randomized clinical trials involving cholecalciferol supplementation so far failed to show potential such interventions prevention. In this article, we attempt reconcile supposed contradiction these findings by undertaking a thorough review literature, an assessment limitations design, conduct, analysis studies conducted thus far. We examine long-standing dilemma whether beneficial effects levels increase significantly above critical threshold or if conjecture is valid that available translates directly into calcitriol activity. addition, try shed light on high interindividual epigenetic transcriptomic variability response supplementation. Moreover, critically standards interpretation study results propose criteria could allow us reach sound conclusions field. Finally, advocate for options tailored individual needs, combined with comprehensive intervention favors prevention through healthy environment responsible health behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Vitamin D metabolism and extraskeletal outcomes: an update

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 66(5), P. 748 - 755

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Vitamin D deficiency is a general health problem affecting individuals at all stages of life and on different continents. The musculoskeletal effects vitamin are well known. Its causes rickets, osteomalacia, secondary hyperparathyroidism increases the risk fractures. Clinical experimental evidence suggests that performs multiple extraskeletal functions. Several tissues unrelated to calcium phosphate metabolism express receptor (VDR) directly or indirectly influenced by 1,25(OH)2D (calcitriol). Some also [...]

Language: Английский

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Lack of vitamin D predicts impaired long-term immune response to COVID-19 vaccination

Endocrine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 82(3), P. 536 - 541

Published: Aug. 17, 2023

Abstract Purpose Low vitamin D levels were reported to negatively influence the outcome of acute COVID-19, as well be linked Long-COVID. However, few studies have investigated, so far, its effects on humoral-response anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, reporting conflicting results. We aimed evaluate impact baseline 25(OH)vitamin (25(OH)D) a two-dose cycle Pfizer-BioNTech-vaccine up 9–10 months after immunization. Methods retrospectively included 119 consecutive healthcare-workers (median age 53 years) without previous history COVID-19 or immunoglobulins presence immunized with two doses Comirnaty-vaccine from January February 2021. 25(OH)D was measured at time first-immunization. Immune response evaluated at: 0 (T0), before first-dose; T1, second-dose (21 days T0); T2, T3, T4 1, 5 and 9 respectively. Results Median 25.6 ng/mL, deficiency (25(OH)D <20 ng/mL) observed in 29 subjects (24.8%). In those deficiency, we found non-significant trend towards lower antibody-titers significantly titers compared not D-deficient, also observing more pronounced negative drop peak-T2 deficiency. A positive correlation between ( p = 0.043) found. multiple linear-regression analysis, older-age resulted independent factors associated antibody titer 0.026, 0.004; respectively). Conclusion our relatively young cohort presenting low prevalence hypovitaminosis D, long-term humoral vaccination influenced by 25(OH)D. Vitamin supplementation could tested strategy optimize campaigns prevent severe COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Association of vitamin D and magnesium with insulin sensitivity and their influence on glycemic control

World Journal of Diabetes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 26 - 34

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Insulin resistance increases the risk of developing diabetes, and degree influences glycemic control patients with diabetes. Numerous researchers have focused on improving insulin sensitivity in order to prevent diabetes-related complications other chronic diseases. Several studies also linked vitamin D levels secretion resistance, given that both its receptor complex play important roles regulating pancreatic β-cells. It has been suggested supplementation improves levels, but further research is needed confirm this as neither function nor when increase. Magnesium a cofactor for many enzymes. Although role magnesium management diabetes long evaluated, it not yet determined whether supplements improve function. However, several found good high levels. closely related necessary transport activation humans. Combined

Language: Английский

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Cholecalciferol Use Is Associated With a Decreased Risk of Incident Morphometric Vertebral Fractures in Acromegaly

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 109(1), P. e58 - e68

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Skeletal fragility is observed in 30% to 60% of acromegaly patients, representing an emerging complication the disease that increases disability. Despite several studies having investigated clinical and hormonal prognostic factors for occurrence vertebral fractures (VFs) acromegaly, very few data are available on their prevention/treatment including effect vitamin D (VD) supplementation, which has been reported have a fracture-protective patients with osteoporosis.We aimed investigate role cholecalciferol (D3) supplementation prevention incident VFs (i-VFs) acromegaly.A longitudinal, retrospective multicenter study was performed 61 treated untreated D3 supplementation.Twenty-six were according guidelines. The median weekly dosage 8500 IU (interquartile range [IQR]: 3900). duration 94 months (IQR: 38). At last follow-up, i-VFs diagnosed 14 (23%). I-VFs less prevalent (14.3% cases) compared not (85.7%; P = .02). final level serum V25OH-D significantly lower who developed (28.6 ng/mL, IQR: 4.1) did develop (34.2 9.6; .05). logistic regression confirmed protective (odds ratio: 0.16; 95% CI, 0.03-0.79; .01).It likely could lead reduction acromegaly.

Language: Английский

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