Targeting the Microenvironment of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques: An Emerging Diagnosis and Therapy Strategy for Atherosclerosis

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(29)

Published: March 3, 2022

Abstract Atherosclerosis is considered one of the primary causes cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Unpredictable rupture vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques triggers adverse events such as acute myocardial syndrome and even sudden cardiac death. Therefore, assessing vulnerability early intervention are significance in reducing CVD mortality. Nanomedicine possesses tremendous advantages achieving integration diagnosis therapy because its magnetic, optical, thermal, catalytic properties. Based on pathological characteristics plaques, stimuli‐responsive nanoplatforms surface‐functionalized nanoagents designed have drawn great attention for accomplishing precise imaging treatment due to their superior properties, high bioavailability, lesion‐targeting specificity, on‐demand cargo release, low off‐target damage. Here, generalized, some targeted strategies boosting accuracy plaque evaluation by efficacy stabilization (including antioxidant therapy, macrophage depletion regulation lipid metabolism anti‐inflammation etc.) systematically summarized. In addition, existing challenges prospects this field discussed, it believed provide new thinking CVDs near future.

Language: Английский

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PLGA-Based Nanomedicine: History of Advancement and Development in Clinical Applications of Multiple Diseases

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 2728 - 2728

Published: Dec. 6, 2022

Research on the use of biodegradable polymers for drug delivery has been ongoing since they were first used as bioresorbable surgical devices in 1980s. For tissue engineering and delivery, polymer poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) shown enormous promise among all biomaterials. PLGA are a family FDA-approved that physically strong highly biocompatible have extensively studied vehicles drugs, proteins, macromolecules such DNA RNA. wide range erosion times mechanical properties can be modified. Many innovative platforms widely created development methods controlled PLGA. In this paper, various manufacturing processes characteristics impact their breakdown release explored depth. Besides different PLGA-based nanoparticles, preclinical clinical applications diseases platform types scale-up issues will discussed.

Language: Английский

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Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: A next generation contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: July 23, 2021

Abstract As a research hotspot, the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents has attracted great attention over past decades for improving accuracy diagnosis. Ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles with core diameter smaller than 5.0 nm are expected to become next generation owing their excellent MRI performance, long blood circulation time upon proper surface modification, renal clearance capacity, and remarkable biosafety profile. On top these merits, USPIO used developing not only T 1 agents, but also 2 /T switchable via assembly/disassembly approaches. In recent years, as new type have shown considerable applications in diagnosis various diseases such vascular pathological changes inflammations apart from malignant tumors. this review, we focusing on state‐of‐the‐art developments latest discuss advantages future prospects. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Vivo Nanodiagnostics Imaging

Language: Английский

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Living Macrophage-Delivered Tetrapod PdH Nanoenzyme for Targeted Atherosclerosis Management by ROS Scavenging, Hydrogen Anti-inflammation, and Autophagy Activation

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(10), P. 15959 - 15976

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

Atherosclerosis, driven by chronic inflammation in the artery walls, underlies several severe cardiovascular diseases. However, currently available anti-inflammatory-based strategies for atherosclerosis treatment suffer from compromised therapeutic efficacy and undesirable outcome. Herein, a distinct tetrapod needle-like PdH nanozyme was designed engineered efficient combinatorial reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, hydrogen anti-inflammation, autophagy activation. After loading into macrophages targeted delivery to arterial plaques, these multifunctional nanozymes efficiently decreased ROS levels significantly suppressed inflammation-related pathological process, exerting antioxidation anti-inflammatory performance alleviating development. Especially importantly, specific spiky morphology of nanoenzyme further triggered strong response macrophages, synergistically maintaining cellular homeostasis Both vitro vivo results confirmed synergy among antioxidation, anti-inflammatory, activation, suggesting that engineering nanomedicines with intrinsic multiple functions topology-induced biological effects is highly preferable effective achieving high desirable outcome on management therapy.

Language: Английский

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A two-pronged detection of atherosclerosis with a dual-channel fluorescent probe for viscosity and hypochlorous acid

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 464, P. 142687 - 142687

Published: March 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Advances in Atherosclerosis Theranostics Harnessing Iron Oxide‐Based Nanoparticles

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(17)

Published: Feb. 17, 2024

Abstract Atherosclerosis, a multifaceted chronic inflammatory disease, has profound impact on cardiovascular health. However, the critical limitations of atherosclerosis management include delayed detection advanced stages, intricate assessment plaque stability, and absence efficacious therapeutic strategies. Nanotheranostic based nanotechnology offers novel paradigm for addressing these challenges by amalgamating imaging capabilities with targeted interventions. Meanwhile, iron oxide nanoparticles have emerged as compelling candidates theranostic applications in due to their magnetic resonance capability biosafety. This review delineates current state prospects nanoparticle‐based nanotheranostics realm atherosclerosis, including pivotal aspects development, pertinent targeting strategies involved disease pathogenesis, diagnostic roles nanoparticles. Furthermore, this provides comprehensive overview nanomedicine approaches employing nanoparticles, encompassing chemical therapy, physical stimulation biological therapy. Finally, proposes discusses associated translating innovative into clinically viable anti‐atherosclerosis In conclusion, new insights future theranostic, showcasing remarkable potential oxide‐based versatile tools battle against atherosclerosis.

Language: Английский

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Carrier-Free Trehalose-Based Nanomotors Targeting Macrophages in Inflammatory Plaque for Treatment of Atherosclerosis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 3808 - 3820

Published: Feb. 24, 2022

Inducing autophagy of macrophages to improve abnormal lipid metabolism is an important way treat atherosclerosis (AS). Yet, the current application mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR)-dependent inducers limited by side effects and lack targeting low biological availability. Herein, a kind nitric oxide (NO)-driven carrier-free nanomotor based on reaction between trehalose (Tr, one mTOR-independent inducers), L-arginine (Arg), phosphatidylserine (PS) reported. The developed nanomotors use NO as driving force, which generated from Arg excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducible synthase (iNOS) specifically presenting in AS microenvironment. high expression ROS iNOS site can be used chemoattractants induce chemotaxis behavior achieve first-step plaque. Subsequently, "eat me" signal sent PS exploited precisely plaque, realizing plaque-macrophage-targeted effect this step-by-step strategy. In vitro vivo results confirm that introduction concept has greatly improved availability (the dose reduced 2.5 g kg-1 previous reports 0.01 work). Particularly, consumed production during process also play positive roles, former regulates M2 polarization latter promotes reconstruction endothelial barrier, contributes multilink treatment AS.

Language: Английский

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Nanocarrier-Mediated Delivery of miRNA, RNAi, and CRISPR-Cas for Plant Protection: Current Trends and Future Directions

ACS Agricultural Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(5), P. 417 - 435

Published: Sept. 10, 2021

Current trends in plant genetic transformation technologies, i.e., designing and applying molecules like miRNA, RNAi, CRISPR-Cas, largely enable researchers to target specific sites the genome avert growing biotic abiotic threats plants. However, delivery of these through conventional techniques brings an array drawbacks such as low efficiency due cell wall barrier, tissue damage that leads browning or necrosis, degradation biomolecules by physiological conditions (high temperature, harsh pH, light), plant-specific protocols. The advancements nanotechnology offer excellent alternative for safe highly efficient RNAi without damaging tissues. Nanoparticle (polymeric, metallic, magnetic, silica, carbon, etc.)-based can be efficiently utilized especially protection applications. Herein, we present a comprehensive overview current (with focus on previous five years) nanoparticle-based CRISPR-Cas simillar In addition, future perspective focuses research gaps unexplored potentials nanoparticles biomolecules.

Language: Английский

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Antibody-Based Therapeutics for Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 5770 - 5770

Published: May 28, 2021

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and its prevalence increasing due to aging societies. Atherosclerosis, a type chronic inflammatory that occurs in arteries, considered be main cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart or stroke. In addition, response caused by atherosclerosis confers significant effect on psoriasis rheumatic arthritis. Here, we review mechanism action causes plasma LDL level inflammation; furthermore, recent findings preclinical clinical effects antibodies reduce those neutralize cytokines involved inflammation. The apolipoprotein B autoantibody anti-PCSK9 antibody reduced plaques animal studies, but failed significantly carotid inflammation trials. monoclonal against PCSK9 (alirocumab, evolocumab), which are used treatment for hyperlipidemia, lowered cholesterol levels incidence diseases. Antibodies (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-12/23) have shown promising contradictory results thus warrant further research.

Language: Английский

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Nanozyme‐Enabled Treatment of Cardio‐ and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Small, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(13)

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

Abstract Cardio‐ and cerebrovascular diseases are two major vascular‐related that lead to death worldwide. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a vital role in the occurrence exacerbation of diseases. Excessive ROS induce cellular context damage tissue dysfunction. Nanozymes, as emerging enzyme mimics, offer unique perspective for therapy through multifunctional activities, achieving essential results treatment ROS‐related cardio‐ by directly scavenging excess or regulating pathologically related molecules. This review first introduces nanozyme‐enabled therapeutic mechanisms at level. Then, therapies several typical with nanozymes discussed, mainly including cardiovascular diseases, ischemia reperfusion injury, neurological disorders. Finally, challenges outlooks application also presented. will provide some instructive perspectives on promote development enzyme‐mimicking strategies disease therapy.

Language: Английский

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