Cureus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 6, 2024
Conventional
cancer
therapies,
including
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
and
immunotherapy,
have
significantly
advanced
treatment.
However,
these
modalities
often
face
limitations
such
as
systemic
toxicity,
lack
of
specificity,
the
emergence
resistance.
Recent
advancements
in
genetic
engineering
synthetic
biology
rekindled
interest
using
bacteria
a
novel
therapeutic
approach
oncology.
This
comprehensive
review
explores
potential
microbial
therapeutics,
particularly
bacterial
treatment
cancer.
Bacterial
therapies
offer
several
unique
advantages,
ability
to
selectively
target
colonize
hypoxic
necrotic
regions
tumors,
areas
typically
resistant
conventional
treatments.
The
delves
into
mechanisms
through
which
exert
antitumor
effects,
direct
tumor
cell
lysis,
modulation
immune
response,
delivery
agents
like
cytotoxins
enzymes.
Various
species,
Salmonella,
Clostridium,
Lactobacillus,
Listeria,
shown
promise
preclinical
clinical
studies,
demonstrating
diverse
action
potential.
Moreover,
discusses
challenges
associated
with
safety
concerns,
evasion,
need
for
precise
targeting,
how
recent
advances
are
being
used
overcome
hurdles.
Current
trials
combination
strategies
also
highlighted
provide
overview
ongoing
developments
this
field.
In
conclusion,
while
therapeutics
present
promising
avenue
treatment,
further
research
validation
is
required
fully
realize
their
aims
inspire
exploration
oncology,
paving
way
innovative
more
effective
therapies.
Microbial Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Using
synthetic
biology
techniques,
bacteria
have
been
engineered
to
serve
as
microrobots
for
diagnosing
diseases
and
delivering
treatments.
These
can
be
used
individually
or
in
combination
microbial
consortia.
The
components
within
these
consortia
complement
each
other,
enhancing
diagnostic
accuracy
providing
synergistic
effects
that
improve
treatment
efficacy.
application
of
therapies
cancer,
intestinal
diseases,
metabolic
disorders
underscores
their
significant
potential.
impact
on
the
host's
native
microbiota
is
crucial,
microbes
modulate
interact
with
environment,
influencing
outcomes
overall
health.
Despite
numerous
advancements,
challenges
remain.
include
ensuring
long-term
survival
safety
bacteria,
developing
new
chassis
gene
editing
techniques
non-model
strains,
minimising
potential
toxicity,
understanding
bacterial
interactions
host
microbiota.
This
mini-review
examines
current
state
disease
diagnosis
treatment,
highlighting
challenges,
future
directions
this
promising
field.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
36(8)
Published: Nov. 7, 2023
Bacterial-based
delivery
strategies
have
recently
emerged
as
a
unique
research
direction
in
the
field
of
drug
delivery.
However,
bacterial
vectors
are
quickly
phagocytosed
by
immune
cells
after
entering
bloodstream.
Taking
advantage
this
phenomenon,
herein,
work
seeks
to
harness
potential
micron-sized
vectors,
and
find
that
inactivated
can
accumulate
at
tumor-site
intravenous
injection
through
CD11b
Advanced Functional Materials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 17, 2024
Abstract
Bacteria
have
garnered
significant
attention
in
tumor
immunotherapy
recently
years,
owing
to
their
immune‐activating
properties,
ease
of
genetic
manipulation,
and
colonization
abilities.
In
order
further
enhance
the
safety,
efficacy,
clinical
translation
potential
bacterial
therapy,
endow
bacteria
with
additional
functions,
modifications
or
engineering
surfaces
emerged
as
a
current
research
hotspot.
This
review
systematically
summarizes
primary
methods
strategies
for
surface
modification
engineering,
including
chemical
alteration,
physical
modification,
bio‐modification.
Subsequently,
it
is
delve
into
roles
these
techniques
enhancing
immunotherapy,
such
improving
immunotherapeutic
efficacy
reducing
toxic
side
effects,
elucidate
underlying
mechanisms.
Finally,
challenges
faced
this
field
are
deeply
explored,
solutions
future
presented.
work
offers
comprehensive
overview
advancements
new
generation
implications
bacterial‐based
immunotherapy.
Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
30(1)
Published: July 19, 2024
Abstract
Radiotherapy
is
a
widely
used
cancer
treatment
that
utilizes
powerful
radiation
to
destroy
cells
and
shrink
tumors.
While
can
be
beneficial,
it
also
harm
the
healthy
tissues
surrounding
tumor.
Recent
research
indicates
microbiota,
collection
of
microorganisms
in
our
body,
may
play
role
influencing
effectiveness
side
effects
therapy.
Studies
have
shown
specific
species
bacteria
living
stomach
influence
immune
system’s
response
radiation,
potentially
increasing
treatment.
Additionally,
microbiota
contribute
adverse
like
radiation-induced
diarrhea.
A
potential
strategy
enhance
radiotherapy
outcomes
capitalize
on
microbiome
involves
using
probiotics.
Probiotics
are
offer
health
benefits
when
consumed
sufficient
quantities.
Several
studies
indicated
probiotics
alter
composition
gut
resulting
an
enhanced
therapy
consequently
improving
efficacy
It
important
note
disrupt
natural
balance
bacteria,
increased
intestinal
permeability
inflammatory
conditions.
These
disruptions
lead
such
as
diarrhea
damage
lining.
The
emerging
field
offers
promising
avenue
for
optimizing
outcomes.
This
paper
aims
provide
overview
human
its
augmenting
while
minimizing
damage.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 19, 2025
Abstract
Preoperative
neoadjuvant
radio‐chemotherapy
is
a
cornerstone
in
the
treatment
of
low
rectal
cancer,
yet
its
effectiveness
can
be
limited
by
insensitivity
some
patients,
profoundly
impacting
their
quality
life.
Through
preliminary
research,
it
found
that
TREM2
+
macrophages
play
pivotal
role
non‐responsiveness
to
immunotherapy.
To
address
this
challenge,
novel
ionizing
radiation‐responsive
delivery
system
developed
for
precise
expression
anti‐TREM2
single‐chain
antibody
fragments
(scFv)
using
an
engineered
probiotic,
Escherichia
coli
Nissle
1917
(EcN),
modulate
The
released
scFv
precisely
targeted
and
delivered
tumor
site
via
EcN
outer
membrane
vesicles
(OMVs),
thereby
reversing
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
enhancing
therapeutic
efficiency
when
used
combination
with
αPD‐L1
immune
checkpoint
inhibitor.
Additionally,
these
bacteria
further
modified
enhance
intestinal
colonization
capabilities
through
oral
administration,
regulating
gut
microbiota
metabolic
byproducts.
Consequently,
drug
based
on
not
only
introduces
promising
new
option
cancer
but
also
showcases
potential
finely
tune
responses
within
intricate
microenvironment,
paving
way
innovative
strategies
radio‐immunotherapy.
