Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: July 5, 2024
Abstract
Cancer
stem
cells
(CSCs),
a
small
subset
of
in
tumors
that
are
characterized
by
self-renewal
and
continuous
proliferation,
lead
to
tumorigenesis,
metastasis,
maintain
tumor
heterogeneity.
continues
be
significant
global
disease
burden.
In
the
past,
surgery,
radiotherapy,
chemotherapy
were
main
cancer
treatments.
The
technology
treatments
develop
advance,
emergence
targeted
therapy,
immunotherapy
provides
more
options
for
patients
certain
extent.
However,
limitations
efficacy
treatment
resistance
still
inevitable.
Our
review
begins
with
brief
introduction
historical
discoveries,
original
hypotheses,
pathways
regulate
CSCs,
such
as
WNT/β-Catenin,
hedgehog,
Notch,
NF-κB,
JAK/STAT,
TGF-β,
PI3K/AKT,
PPAR
pathway,
their
crosstalk.
We
focus
on
role
CSCs
various
therapeutic
outcomes
resistance,
including
how
affect
content
alteration
related
molecules,
CSCs-mediated
clinical
value
targeting
refractory,
progressed
or
advanced
tumors.
summary,
efficacy,
method
is
difficult
determine.
Clarifying
regulatory
mechanisms
biomarkers
currently
mainstream
idea.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Dec. 21, 2023
Organ-specific
metastasis
is
the
primary
cause
of
cancer
patient
death.
The
distant
tumor
cells
to
specific
organs
depends
on
both
intrinsic
characteristics
and
extrinsic
factors
in
their
microenvironment.
During
an
intermediate
stage
metastasis,
circulating
(CTCs)
are
released
into
bloodstream
from
metastatic
tumors.
CTCs
harboring
aggressive
or
features
can
extravasate
remote
sites
for
continuous
colonizing
growth,
leading
further
lesions.
In
past
decade,
numerous
studies
demonstrated
that
exhibited
huge
clinical
value
including
predicting
assessing
prognosis
monitoring
treatment
response
et
al.
Furthermore,
increasingly
experiments
dedicated
identifying
key
molecules
inside
exploring
how
they
mediate
CTC-related
organ-specific
metastasis.
Based
above
molecules,
more
inhibitors
being
developed
target
utilized
completely
clean
CTCs,
which
should
provide
promising
prospects
administer
advanced
tumor.
Recently,
application
various
nanomaterials
microfluidic
technologies
enrichment
technology
has
assisted
improve
our
deep
insights
phenotypic
biological
functions
as
a
potential
therapy
target,
may
pave
way
us
make
practical
strategies.
present
review,
we
mainly
focus
role
involved
targeted
organ
especially
latest
molecular
mechanism
research
intervention
strategies
related
CTCs.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: March 29, 2024
Abstract
Chromosomal
instability
(CIN)
is
a
hallmark
of
cancer
and
associated
with
tumor
cell
malignancy.
CIN
triggers
chain
reaction
in
cells
leading
to
chromosomal
abnormalities,
including
deviations
from
the
normal
chromosome
number
or
structural
changes
chromosomes.
arises
errors
DNA
replication
segregation
during
division,
formation
abnormal
and/or
structure
Errors
result
licensing
as
well
stress,
such
double-strand
breaks
stalled
forks;
meanwhile,
stem
defects
machinery,
centrosome
amplification,
erroneous
microtubule–kinetochore
attachments,
spindle
assembly
checkpoint,
defective
sister
chromatids
cohesion.
In
cells,
deleterious
damage,
proteotoxic
metabolic
alteration,
cycle
arrest,
senescence.
Paradoxically,
despite
these
negative
consequences,
one
hallmarks
found
over
90%
solid
tumors
blood
cancers.
Furthermore,
could
endow
enhanced
adaptation
capabilities
due
increased
intratumor
heterogeneity,
thereby
facilitating
adaptive
resistance
therapies;
however,
excessive
induce
death,
“just-right”
model
for
tumors.
Elucidating
complex
nature
crucial
understanding
dynamics
tumorigenesis
developing
effective
anti-tumor
treatments.
This
review
provides
an
overview
causes
consequences
CIN,
paradox
phenomenon
that
continues
perplex
researchers.
Finally,
this
explores
potential
CIN-based
therapy.
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
67(5), P. 3843 - 3859
Published: March 5, 2024
To
develop
a
potential
theranostic
metal
agent
to
reverse
the
resistance
of
cancer
cells
cisplatin
and
effectively
inhibit
tumor
growth
metastasis,
we
proposed
design
cyclometalated
iridium
(Ir)
complex
based
on
properties
environment
(TME).
end,
designed
synthesized
series
Ir(III)
2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde
thiosemicarbazone
complexes
by
modifying
hydrogen
atom(s)
N-3
position
compounds
structure
dimers
then
investigated
their
structure–activity
structure–fluorescence
relationships
obtain
an
(Ir5)
with
remarkable
fluorescence
cytotoxicity
cells.
Ir5
not
only
possesses
mitochondria-targeted
but
also
overcomes
inhibits
metastasis
in
vivo.
Besides,
confirmed
anticancer
mechanisms
acting
different
components
TME:
directly
killing
liver
inducing
necroptosis
activating
necroptosis-related
immune
response.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: April 15, 2024
Abstract
Transfer
RNA
(tRNA)-derived
small
RNAs
(tsRNAs)
are
a
new
type
of
non-coding
(ncRNAs)
produced
by
the
specific
cleavage
precursor
or
mature
tRNAs.
tsRNAs
involved
in
various
basic
biological
processes
such
as
epigenetic,
transcriptional,
post-transcriptional,
and
translation
regulation,
thereby
affecting
occurrence
development
human
diseases,
including
cancers.
Recent
studies
have
shown
that
play
an
important
role
tumorigenesis
regulating
behaviors
malignant
proliferation,
invasion
metastasis,
angiogenesis,
immune
response,
tumor
resistance,
metabolism
reprogramming.
These
may
be
potential
targets
for
treatment.
Furthermore,
can
exist
abundantly
stably
bodily
fluids
(e.g.,
blood,
serum,
urine)
form
free
encapsulated
extracellular
vesicles,
intercellular
communication
microenvironment
(TME).
Meanwhile,
their
abnormal
expression
is
closely
related
to
clinicopathological
features
patients,
staging,
lymph
node
poor
prognosis
patients;
thus,
served
novel
liquid
biopsy
biomarker.
This
review
summarizes
discovery,
production,
analyzes
molecular
mechanisms
applications
therapy,
which
provide
strategies
early
diagnosis
targeted
therapy
tumors.
