Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
16
Published: Feb. 17, 2022
The
opioid
epidemic
remains
a
significant
healthcare
problem
and
is
attributable
to
over
100,000
deaths
per
year.
Poor
sleep
increases
sensitivity
pain,
impulsivity,
inattention,
negative
affect,
all
of
which
might
perpetuate
drug
use.
Opioid
users
have
disrupted
during
use
withdrawal
report
poor
as
reason
for
relapse.
However,
preclinical
studies
investigating
the
relationship
between
loss
substance
associated
underlying
neurobiological
mechanisms
potential
interactions
are
lacking.
One
most
common
forms
in
modern
society
chronic
short
(CSS)
(<7
h/nightly
adults).
Here,
we
used
an
established
model
CSS
investigate
influence
on
reward
male
mice.
paradigm
did
not
increase
corticosterone
levels
or
depressive-like
behavior
after
single
deprivation
session
but
expression
Iba1,
typically
reflects
microglial
activation,
hypothalamus
4
weeks
CSS.
Rested
control
mice
developed
morphine
preference
2-bottle
choice
test,
while
exposed
develop
preference.
Both
groups
demonstrated
conditioned
place
(mCPP),
there
were
no
differences
rested
Taken
together,
our
results
show
that
recovery
disruption
lessens
voluntary
intake,
without
impacting
with
morphine.
Physiological Reviews,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
101(3), P. 995 - 1046
Published: Aug. 13, 2020
While
insomnia
is
the
second
most
common
mental
disorder,
progress
in
our
understanding
of
underlying
neurobiological
mechanisms
has
been
limited.
The
present
review
addresses
definition
and
prevalence
explores
its
subjective
objective
characteristics
across
24-hour
day.
Subsequently,
extensively
how
vulnerability
to
develop
affected
by
genetic
variants,
early
life
stress,
major
events,
brain
structure
function.
Further
supported
clear
health
risks
conveyed
insomnia,
integrated
findings
suggest
that
could
rather
be
found
circuits
regulating
emotion
arousal
than
involved
circadian
homeostatic
sleep
regulation.
Finally,
a
testable
model
presented.
proposes
people
with
locus
coeruleus
more
sensitive
to-or
receives
input
from-the
salience
network
related
circuits,
even
during
rapid
eye
movement
sleep,
when
it
should
normally
sound
asleep.
This
may
ignite
downward
spiral
insufficient
overnight
adaptation
distress,
resulting
accumulating
hyperarousal,
which,
turn,
impedes
restful
moreover
increases
risk
other
adversity.
Sensitized
are
likely
subjectively
experienced
as
"sleeping
one
open".
proposed
opens
up
possibility
for
novel
intervention
studies
animal
studies,
thus
accelerating
ignition
neuroscience
which
direly
needed
better
treatment.
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
221(11)
Published: June 1, 2018
ABSTRACT
Sleep
is
nearly
ubiquitous
throughout
the
animal
kingdom,
yet
little
known
about
how
ecological
factors
or
perturbations
to
environment
shape
duration
and
timing
of
sleep.
In
diverse
taxa,
poor
sleep
negatively
impacts
development,
cognitive
abilities
longevity.
addition
mammals,
has
been
characterized
in
genetic
model
organisms,
ranging
from
nematode
worm
zebrafish,
and,
more
recently,
emergent
models
with
simplified
nervous
systems
such
as
Aplysia
jellyfish.
addition,
evolutionary
fruit
flies
cavefish
have
leveraged
natural
variation
investigate
relationship
between
ecology
Here,
we
describe
contributions
classical
mechanisms
underlying
regulation.
These
studies
highlight
fundamental
interactions
sensory
processing,
well
a
remarkable
plasticity
response
environmental
changes.
Understanding
varies
kingdom
will
provide
critical
insight
into
functions
conserved
Furthermore,
identification
naturally
occurring
regulating
may
novel
drug
targets
approaches
treat
sleep-related
diseases.
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 24, 2019
Mammals
have
evolved
a
range
of
behavioural
and
neurological
mechanisms
that
coordinate
cycles
thermoregulation
sleep.
Whether
diurnal
or
nocturnal,
sleep
onset
reduction
in
core
temperature
occur
together.
Non-rapid
eye
movement
(NREM)
episodes
are
also
accompanied
by
brain
cooling.
Thermoregulatory
behaviours,
like
nest
building
curling
up,
accompany
this
circadian
decline
preparation
for
sleeping.
This
could
be
matter
simply
comfort
as
animals
seek
warmth
to
compensate
lower
temperatures.
However,
both
humans
other
mammals,
direct
skin
warming
can
shorten
sleep-latency
promote
NREM
We
discuss
the
evidence
body
cooling
more
fundamentally
connected
thermoregulatory
prior
sleep,
form
warm
microclimates
accelerate
directly
through
neuronal
circuits.
Paradoxically,
might
induce
vasodilation
In
way,
seeking
nesting
behaviour
enhance
cycle
activating
specific
circuits
link
initiation
suggest
these
explain
why
is
most
likely
when
at
its
steepest
rate
transitions
decrease
temperature.
connection
may
implications
energy
homeostasis
function
Nature Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(6), P. 1046 - 1050
Published: May 13, 2024
It
has
been
suggested
that
the
function
of
sleep
is
to
actively
clear
metabolites
and
toxins
from
brain.
Enhanced
clearance
also
said
occur
during
anesthesia.
Here,
we
measure
movement
fluorescent
molecules
in
brains
male
mice
show
is,
fact,
independent
wake
or
Moreover,
brain
markedly
reduced,
not
increased,
Current Biology,
Journal Year:
2018,
Volume and Issue:
28(14), P. 2263 - 2273.e4
Published: July 1, 2018
Mammals,
including
humans,
prepare
for
sleep
by
nesting
and/or
curling
up,
creating
microclimates
of
skin
warmth.
To
address
whether
external
warmth
induces
through
defined
circuitry,
we
used
c-Fos-dependent
activity
tagging,
which
captures
populations
activated
cells
and
allows
them
to
be
reactivated
test
their
physiological
role.
External
warming
tagged
two
principal
groups
neurons
in
the
median
preoptic
(MnPO)/medial
(MPO)
hypothalamic
area.
GABA
located
mainly
MPO
produced
non-rapid
eye
movement
(NREM)
but
no
body
temperature
decrease.
Nitrergic-glutamatergic
MnPO-MPO
induced
both
cooling
NREM
sleep.
This
circuitry
explains
how
why
maximal
rate
core
positively
correlates
with
onset.
Thus,
pathways
that
promote
sleep,
reduced
energy
expenditure,
are
inextricably
linked,
commanded
same
neurons.
implies
one
function
is
lower
brain
conserve
energy.
Current Opinion in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
15, P. 7 - 13
Published: Nov. 26, 2019
In
homeothermic
animals
sleep
preparatory
behaviours
often
promote
thermal
efficiency,
including
warmth-seeking,
adopting
particular
postures
(curling
up,
head
tucking)
and
nest
building,
all
promoting
warmer
skin
microclimates.
Skin
warmth
induces
NREM
body
cooling
via
circuitry
that
connects
sensation
to
the
preoptic
hypothalamus.
Coupling
induction
lower
temperature
could
serve
minimise
energy
expenditure
or
allow
reallocation.
Cooling
during
may
also
induce
transcriptional
changes
in
genes
whose
products
facilitate
housekeeping
functions
measure
time
spent
sleeping.
Neuron,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
110(8), P. 1385 - 1399.e8
Published: Feb. 4, 2022
Optimizing
reproductive
fitness
in
mammalians
requires
behavioral
adaptations
during
pregnancy.
Maternal
preparatory
nesting
is
an
essential
behavior
for
the
survival
of
upcoming
litter.
Brain-wide
immediate
early
gene
mapping
mice
evoked
by
sequences
revealed
that
phases
nest
construction
strongly
activate
peptidergic
neurons
Edinger-Westphal
nucleus
pregnant
mice.
Genetic
ablation,
bidirectional
neuromodulation,
and
vitro
vivo
activity
recordings
demonstrated
these
are
to
modulate
arousal
before
sleep
promote
specifically.
We
show
enable
effects
progesterone
on
modulating
a
broad
network
downstream
targets.
Our
study
deciphers
role
midbrain
CART+
pregnancy
vital
fitness.