Expanding the horizon of EV-RNAs: LncRNAs in EVs as biomarkers for disease pathways

Extracellular Vesicle, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100025 - 100025

Published: May 20, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound nanoparticles with different types of cargo released by cells and postulated to mediate functions such as intercellular communications. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) or their fragments present within EVs. LncRNAs a heterogeneous group RNA species length exceeding 200 nucleotides diverse in based on localization. While lncRNAs known for important cellular regulation, presence role EVs only recently been explored. certain observed EV-lncRNAs be tissue- disease-specific, it remains determined whether not this is global observation. Nonetheless, these molecules demonstrated promising potential serve new diagnostic prognostic biomarkers. In review, we critically evaluate the EV-derived several prevalent diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular neurodegenerative specific focus

Language: Английский

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Plasma-derived extracellular vesicles released after endurance exercise exert cardioprotective activity through the activation of antioxidant pathways

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63, P. 102737 - 102737

Published: May 18, 2023

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) can cause various conditions, including an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels that decrease nitric oxide (NO) availability and promote vasoconstriction, leading to arterial hypertension. Physical exercise (PE) has been found be protective against CVD by helping maintain redox homeostasis through a ROS levels, achieved increased expression of antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) modulation heat shock proteins (HSPs). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) circulating the body are major source regulatory signals, nucleic acids. Interestingly, cardioprotective role EVs released after PE not fully described. The aim this study was investigate EVs, obtained Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) plasma samples from healthy young males (age: 26.95 ± 3.07; estimated maximum consumption rate (VO2max): 51.22 4.85 (mL/kg/min)) at basal level (Pre_EVs) immediately single bout endurance (30' treadmill, 70% heart (HR) -Post_EVs). Gene ontology (GO) analysis proteomic data isolated revealed enrichment endowed with catalytic activity Post_EVs, compare Pre_EVs, MAP2K1 being most significantly upregulated protein. Enzymatic assays on derived Pre Post showed increment Glutathione Reductase (GR) Catalase (CAT) Post_EVs. At functional level, but enhanced reduced oxidative damage accumulation treated human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes (hCM) under stress conditions (Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) treatment), resulting global effect. In conclusion, our demonstrated, for first time, 30-min is able alter cargo effect activity.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNAs in Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Eosinophilic Esophagitis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 639 - 639

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory esophageal disorder. The lack of non-invasive biomarkers currently results in dependency on endoscopy with biopsies for its diagnosis and monitoring. We aimed to identify potential using microRNAs (miRNAs) plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs). This was prospective single-center observational study discovery cohort EoE patients (n = 26) active disease (EoE.Basal) after anti-inflammatory treatment (EoE.Post.tx) control subjects 16). Small-RNA-seq performed differentially regulated small RNAs (sRNAs). Candidate miRNAs were validated an independent (EoE patients, n 33; controls, 14). pEVs-sRNA cargo differed among conditions. Compared Ser_Comb_22, Leu_Comb_5, miR-10b-5p, miR-125a-5p upregulated EoE.Basal, miR-224-5p, miR-221-3p, let-7d-5p, miR-191-5p downregulated. combination miR-221-3p miR-10b-5p showed the best diagnostic performance. Comparing paired samples, miR-374a-5p miR-30a-3p while miR-15a-5p let-7d-5p Combined AUC values, alone as monitoring biomarker (p 0.001). In conclusion, changed upon inflammation proposed treatment. first explore use pEVs EoE.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive Phenotyping of Extracellular Vesicles in Plasma of Healthy Humans – Insights Into Cellular Origin and Biological Variation

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Despite immense interest in biomarker applications of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from blood, our understanding circulating EVs under physiological conditions healthy humans remains limited. Using imaging and multiplex bead‐based flow cytometry, we comprehensively quantified with respect to their cellular origin a large cohort blood donors. We assessed coefficients variations characterize biological variation explored demographic, clinical, lifestyle factors contributing observed variation. Cell‐specific EV subsets show wide range concentrations that do not correlate cell‐of‐origin suggesting steady‐state subset are regulated by complex mechanisms, which differ even for the same cell type. Interestingly, tetraspanin+ largely originate platelets lesser extent lymphocytes. Principal component analysis (PCA) association analyses demonstrate high inter‐individual across humans, only partly explained influence sex, menopausal status, age smoking on specific and/or subsets. No global subject's was detected. Our findings provide first comprehensive, quantitative data towards cell‐origin atlas plasma EVs, important implications clinical use as biomarkers.

Language: Английский

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The impact of obesity on adipocyte-derived extracellular vesicles

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 78(23), P. 7275 - 7288

Published: Oct. 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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Multi-Omics Integrative Approach of Extracellular Vesicles: A Future Challenging Milestone

Proteomes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 12 - 12

Published: April 22, 2022

In the era of multi-omic sciences, dogma on singular cause-effect in physio-pathological processes is overcome and system biology approaches have been providing new perspectives to see through. this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are offering a level complexity, given their role cellular communication activity as mediators specific signals target cells or tissues. Indeed, heterogeneity terms content, function, origin potentiality contribute cross-interaction almost every molecular process occurring complex system. Such features make EVs proper biological systems being, therefore, optimal targets omic sciences. Currently, most studies focus dissecting content order either characterize it explore its various pathogenic at transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, lipidomic genomic levels. Despite valuable results being provided by individual studies, categorization data might represent limit be overcome. For reason, integrative approach tissue-specific potentiality. This review summarizes state-of-the-art addressing recent research integration multi-level challenging developments origin.

Language: Английский

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An in vitro approach to understand contribution of kidney cells to human urinary extracellular vesicles

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membranous particles secreted by all cells and found in body fluids. Established EV contents include a variety of RNA species, proteins, lipids metabolites that considered to reflect the physiological status their parental cells. However, date, little is known about cell‐type enriched cargo complex mixtures, especially urine. To test whether secretion from distinct human kidney culture differ can recapitulate findings normal urine, we comprehensively analysed components, (particularly miRNAs, long RNAs protein) conditionally immortalised cell lines (podocyte, glomerular endothelial, mesangial proximal tubular cells) compared media derived were isolated hydrostatic filtration dialysis (HFD) characterised electron microscopy (EM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) Western blotting (WB). was subjected miRNA sequencing proteins profiled tandem mass tag proteomics. Representative sets detected each type urinary isolates (uEV), database, biopsy bulk proteomics, single‐cell transcriptomics. This revealed high proportion vitro signatures also vivo datasets. Thus, highlighting robustness our model showing this approach enables dissection specific biofluids potential identification biomarkers disease.

Language: Английский

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Acute Kidney Injury by Ischemia/Reperfusion and Extracellular Vesicles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(20), P. 15312 - 15312

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often caused by ischemia-reperfusion (IRI). IRI significantly affects metabolism, which elicits pro-inflammatory responses and injury. The ischemia/reperfusion of the associated with transient high mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) production rates. Excessive ROS damages cellular components and, together other pathogenic mechanisms, a range acute mechanisms that impair function. Mitochondrial-derived also stimulates epithelial cell secretion extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing RNAs, lipids, proteins, suggesting EVs are involved in AKI pathogenesis. This literature review focuses on how EV stimulated during cell-specific their molecular cargo may modify process. Moreover, critical pitfalls analysis epithelial-derived described. In particular, we will focus release affected tissue analyses this confound data cell-to-cell signaling. By increasing awareness methodological renal research, risk false negatives can be mitigated. improve future interpretation regarding contribution to pathogenesis potential as biomarkers or treatments for AKI.

Language: Английский

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Dendritic cell‐targeted delivery of antigens using extracellular vesicles for anti‐cancer immunotherapy

Cell Proliferation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57(7)

Published: March 20, 2024

Abstract Neoantigen delivery using extracellular vesicles (EVs) has gained extensive interest in recent years. EVs derived from tumour cells or immune have been used to deliver antigens antitumor stimulation signals. However, potential DNA contamination the host cell and cost of large‐scale EV production hinder their therapeutic applications clinical settings. Here, we develop an antigen platform for cancer vaccines red blood cell‐derived (RBCEVs) targeting splenic DEC‐205 + dendritic (DCs) boost effect. By loading ovalbumin (OVA) protein onto RBCEVs delivering DCs, were able stimulate present antigenic OVA peptide major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, subsequently priming activated antigen‐reactive T cells. Importantly, targeted engineered with anti‐DEC‐205 antibody robustly enhanced presentation DCs activation. This is potentially useful producing personalised

Language: Английский

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Organ-on-a-Chip for Studying Gut-Brain Interaction Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut Microenvironment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(24), P. 13513 - 13513

Published: Dec. 16, 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a group of membrane that play important roles in cell-to-cell and interspecies/interkingdom communications by modulating the pathophysiological conditions recipient cells. Recent evidence has implied their potential gut–brain axis (GBA), which is complex bidirectional communication system between gut environment brain pathophysiology. Despite evidence, EVs microenvironment GBA less highlighted. Moreover, there critical challenges current models analyzing techniques for EVs, may hinder research. Currently, advances organ-on-a-chip (OOC) technologies have provided promising solution. Here, we review effects occurring on physiology behavior discuss how to apply OOCs research mediated microenvironment.

Language: Английский

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