Unveiling the mechanisms and challenges of cancer drug resistance

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Abstract Cancer treatment faces many hurdles and resistance is one among them. Anti-cancer strategies are evolving due to innate acquired capacity, governed by genetic, epigenetic, proteomic, metabolic, or microenvironmental cues that ultimately enable selected cancer cells survive progress under unfavorable conditions. Although the mechanism of drug being widely studied generate new target-based drugs with better potency than existing ones. However, broader flexibility in resistance, advanced therapeutic options efficacy need be explored. Combination therapy an alternative a success rate though risk amplified side effects commonplace. Moreover, recent groundbreaking precision immune ways overcome has revolutionized anticancer greater extent only limitation individual-specific needs further attention. This review will focus on challenges opted withstand current therapies at molecular level also highlights emerging -like immunological, stem cell-based may prove have potential challenge problem resistance.

Language: Английский

---

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma: An update

Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 101687 - 101687

Published: Aug. 12, 2022

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most common endocrine cancer. Particularly incidence of small clinically indolent tumors has been increasing significantly during last decades because increased diagnostic scrutiny, while DTC-related mortality remained unchanged. In light awareness significant risk detecting and potential harm burden associated with overly diagnosis treatment, approach towards management DTC recently underwent a critical appraisal. The focus lays on reducing unnecessary for patients very low correct identification those who require treatment that more intensive and/or follow-up. Management includes range different modalities, making multidisciplinary collaboration expedient. this review, we elaborate recent developments in diagnosis, staging specific individualized assessment-based approach.

Language: Английский

---

In vitro study of the pro-apoptotic mechanism of amino acid Schiff base copper complexes on anaplastic thyroid cancer

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 206, P. 107005 - 107005

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Advances in targeted therapy and biomarker research in thyroid cancer

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 4, 2024

Driven by the intricacy of illness and need for individualized treatments, targeted therapy biomarker research in thyroid cancer represent an important frontier oncology. The variety genetic changes associated with demand more investigation to elucidate molecular details. This is clinically significant since it can be used develop customized treatment plans. A focused approach provided therapies, which target certain targets such as mutant BRAF or RET proteins. strategy minimizes collateral harm healthy tissues may also reduce adverse effects. Simultaneously, patient categorization based on profiles made possible exploration, allows regimens maximizes therapeutic results. benefits go beyond their immediate clinical impact encompass whole landscape. Comprehending underpinnings facilitates creation novel treatments that specifically aberrant molecules. advances precision medicine, paving way other cancers. Taken simply, study promising better care. concepts discovered during this have potential completely transform care provided, bringing a new era personalized, medicine. paradigm shift could improve prognosis quality life individuals act inspiration types.

Language: Английский

---

Use of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Considerations about How Bioavailability and Metabolism Impact Their Adoption in Clinical Routine

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 502 - 502

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

The fact that the Mediterranean diet could represent a source of natural compounds with cancer-preventive and therapeutic activity has been object great interest, especially regard to mechanisms action polyphenols found in olive oil leaves. Secoiridoid oleuropein (OLE) its derivative hydroxytyrosol (3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol, HT) have demonstrated anti-proliferative properties against variety tumors hematological malignancies both vivo vitro, measurable effects on cellular redox status, metabolism, transcriptional activity. With this review, we aim summarize most up-to-date information potential use OLE HT for cancer treatment, making important considerations about bioavailability, OLE- HT-mediated drug dual as pro- antioxidants, likely hampering their clinical routine. Also, focus details available nutritionally relevant concentrations cell viability, homeostasis, inflammation order evaluate if be considered agents or new chemotherapy drugs whenever only is represented by diet.

Language: Английский

---

Consensus Statement: Recommendations on Actionable Biomarker Testing for Thyroid Cancer Management

Endocrine Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 23, 2024

Thyroid cancer management is rapidly changing. The identification of actionable biomarkers through both germline and somatic testing are now an integral part directing patient management. However, deficiencies disparities within existing thyroid biomarker test approaches resulting in inconsistent application for care. An expert panel was convened to create consensus algorithms recommendations on patients diagnosed with medullary cancer, non-anaplastic follicular cell-derived or anaplastic who may benefit from targeted therapies. A review international guidelines performed determine the current state, a literature carried out further evaluate evidence supporting use cancer. biomarker-related gaps impacting care were also discussed, emphasis importance multidisciplinary team approach optimal presented aim help physicians navigate landscape its many challenges, balancing aspirational what practical feasible terms economic realities jurisdictional constraints. By remaining therapy-agnostic, these broadly applicable.

Language: Английский

---

What is the status of immunotherapy in thyroid neoplasms?

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 5, 2022

Immunotherapy has changed the treatment of patients with advanced cancer, different phase III trials showing durable responses across histologies. This review focuses on preclinical and clinical evidence potential predictive biomarkers response efficacy immunotherapy in thyroid neoplasms. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) staining by immunohistochemistry shown higher expression anaplastic cancer (ATC) compared to other subtypes. The tumor mutational burden neoplasms is low but seems be ATC. Immune infiltrates microenvironment (TME) differ between neoplasm In general, differentiated (DTC) a number tumor-associated lymphocytes regulatory T cells (Tregs), while ATC medullary (MTC) display high density macrophages (TAMs). Nevertheless, results from as monotherapy or combinations have limited efficacy. Further investigation into new strategies aside anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4)/programmed death (PD-1)/PD-L1 antibodies, validation biomarkers, better population selection for more than needed near future.

Language: Английский

---

Bridging biological samples to functional nucleic acid biosensor applications: current enzymatic-based strategies for single-stranded DNA generation

Analytical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(7), P. 1225 - 1237

Published: April 12, 2024

The escalating threat of emerging diseases, often stemming from contaminants and lethal pathogens, has precipitated a heightened demand for sophisticated diagnostic tools. Within this landscape, the functional nucleic acid (FNA) biosensor, harnessing power single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), emerged as preeminent choice target analyte detection. However, dependence on ssDNA raised difficulties in realizing it biological samples. Therefore, production high-quality samples is critical. This review aims to discuss strategies generating integration into biosensors. Several innovative generation have been deployed, encompassing techniques, such asymmetric PCR, Exonuclease-PCR, isothermal amplification, biotin–streptavidin transcription-reverse transcription, overhang generation, urea denaturation PAGE. These approaches seamlessly integrated with biosensors sample analysis, ushering new era disease detection monitoring. amalgamation techniques biosensing applications holds significant promise, not only improving speed accuracy processes but also fortifying global response deadly thereby underlining pivotal role cutting-edge biotechnology public health prevention.

Language: Английский

---

Effective Preparation of FFPE Tissue Samples for Preserving Appropriate Nucleic Acid Quality for Genomic Analysis in Thyroid Carcinoma

Endocrine Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(4), P. 372 - 384

Published: Nov. 19, 2024

Abstract Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples are important for genomic analysis of thyroid carcinomas, particularly various molecularly targeted therapies. Therefore, this study developed and validated a technique preparing FFPE that preserves nucleic acid quality, which is fundamental precise analysis, more effectively than conventional methods. We analyzed surgically resected gland tumors, lymph node metastases, separately fixed tumor to optimize formalin fixation assess the influence specimen type preparation methods on quality. assessed several quality indicators, including DNA integrity number, cycle threshold ratio, RNA DV200. Separately consistently exhibited higher conventionally processed samples. Additionally, metastases often exhibit matching or exceeding highlighting their potential reliability analysis. These findings suggest utility types comprehensive genetic profiling carcinomas. In conclusion, demonstrated an effective method preserving analyses. Biopsy punches enable collection at facilities, those without ability handle frozen specimens. This contributes development obtaining high-quality pathological can be widely used in general medical practice. Moreover, equal superior as acceptable sources

Language: Английский

---

Programmed cell death-related gene IL20RA facilitates tumor progression and remodels tumor microenvironment in thyroid cancer

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a vital biological process that essential for regulating progression and tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to explore the relationship between PCD-related genes expression prognosis in thyroid cancer (THCA), especially IL20RA, as potential prognostic marker THCA. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was utilized develop risk prediction model based on LASSO regression along with univariate Cox regression. correlation immune infiltration also assessed. value of key gene THCA investigated by immunohistochemistry. regulatory function PCD related molecules were detected cellular experiments. We identified four (NPC2, E2F1, TREM2) constructed exhibited excellent accuracy predicting Moreover, we confirmed high IL20RA poor promoted proliferation knockdown increased apoptosis ferroptosis. Analysis microenvironment detection macrophages polarization showed M2 while reducing M1. several genes. which could potentially provide foundation additional investigations into diagnostic markers treatment targets

Language: Английский

---