Importance of circadian timing for aging and longevity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 17, 2021

Dietary restriction (DR) decreases body weight, improves health, and extends lifespan. DR can be achieved by controlling how much and/or when food is provided, as well adjusting nutritional composition. Because these factors are often combined during DR, it unclear which necessary for beneficial effects. Several drugs have been utilized that target nutrient-sensing gene pathways, many of change expression throughout the day, suggesting timing drug administration critical. Here, we discuss dietary pharmacological interventions promote a healthy lifespan influencing energy intake circadian rhythms.

Language: Английский

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Randomized controlled trial for time-restricted eating in healthy volunteers without obesity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2022

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) improves metabolic health. Both early TRF (eTRF, food intake restricted to the part of day) and mid-day (mTRF, middle have been shown benefits. However, two regimens yet be thoroughly compared. We conducted a five-week randomized trial compare effects in healthy individuals without obesity (ChiCTR2000029797). The has completed. Ninety participants were eTRF (n=30), mTRF or control groups (n=30) using computer-based random-number generator. Eighty-two completed entire analyzed (28 eTRF, 26 mTRF, 28 groups). primary outcome was change insulin resistance. Researchers who assessed outcomes blinded group assignment, but care givers not. Here we show that more effective than at improving sensitivity. Furthermore, not improved fasting glucose, reduced total body mass adiposity, ameliorated inflammation, increased gut microbial diversity. No serious adverse events reported during trial. In conclusion, showed greater benefits for resistance related parameters compared with mTRF. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=49406 .

Language: Английский

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Feeding Rhythms and the Circadian Regulation of Metabolism

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: April 17, 2020

The molecular circadian clock regulates metabolic processes within the cell, and alignment of these clocks between tissues is essential for maintenance homeostasis. possibility misalignment arises from differential responsiveness to environmental cues that synchronize (zeitgebers). Although light dominant cue master suprachiasmatic nucleus, many other are sensitive feeding fasting. When rhythms behaviour altered, example by shift work or constant availability highly palatable foods, strong feedback sent peripheral clocks. Varying degrees phase can cause systemic processes. Moreover, when there a endogenous in physiology inputs, such as during inactive phase, body's ability maintain homeostasis impaired. loss coordination organism environment, well internal tissues, produce cardiometabolic disease consequence. aim this review synthesize on mechanisms effects misalignment. timing food intake highlighted powerful with potential destroy restore synchrony metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Chronotype: Implications for Epidemiologic Studies on Chrono-Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 30 - 42

Published: Aug. 20, 2018

Chrono-nutrition is an emerging research field in nutritional epidemiology that encompasses 3 dimensions of eating behavior: timing, frequency, and regularity. To date, few studies have investigated how individual's circadian typology, i.e., one's chronotype, affects the association between chrono-nutrition cardiometabolic health. This review sets directions for future by providing a narrative overview recent epidemiologic on its determinants, with dietary intake Limited was found chronotype infants, children, older adults. Moreover, most evidence adolescents adults restricted to cross-sectional surveys longitudinal cohorts simultaneously collecting data intake. There gap concerning chrono-nutrition. Whether modifies diet health outcomes remains be elucidated. In conclusion, further required understand interplay chrono-nutrition, outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Circadian misalignment induces fatty acid metabolism gene profiles and compromises insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(30), P. 7789 - 7794

Published: July 9, 2018

Circadian misalignment, such as in shift work, has been associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, direct effects of circadian misalignment on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity the molecular clock have never studied humans. Here, we investigated metabolism 14 healthy young lean men [age 22.4 ± 2.8 years; body mass index (BMI) 22.3 2.1 kg/m2 (mean SD)] after a 3-d control protocol 3.5-d induced by 12-h rapid behavioral cycle. We show that short-term results significant decrease due to reduced nonoxidative glucose disposal (rate disappearance: 23.7 2.4 vs. 18.4 1.4 mg/kg per minute; misalignment; P = 0.024). Fasting free fatty acid levels well sleeping metabolic rate were higher during misalignment. Molecular analysis biopsies revealed was not aligned inverted cycle, transcriptome human PPAR pathway key player disturbed energy upon Our findings may provide mechanism underlying increased risk diabetes among workers.

Language: Английский

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Food as a circadian time cue — evidence from human studies

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 213 - 223

Published: Feb. 13, 2020

Language: Английский

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Time-Restricted Eating: Benefits, Mechanisms, and Challenges in Translation

iScience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 101161 - 101161

Published: May 15, 2020

Eating out of phase with daily circadian rhythms induces metabolic desynchrony in peripheral organs and may increase chronic disease risk. Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a dietary approach that consolidates all calorie intake to 6- 10-h periods during the active day, without necessarily altering diet quality quantity. TRE reduces body weight, improves glucose tolerance, protects from hepatosteatosis, increases flexibility, atherogenic lipids blood pressure, gut function cardiometabolic health preclinical studies. This review discusses importance meal timing on system, benefits models humans, possible mechanisms action, challenges we face implementing consequences delaying initiation TRE.

Language: Английский

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When Rhythms Meet the Blues: Circadian Interactions with the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(3), P. 448 - 471

Published: March 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Effects of Diet, Lifestyle, Chrononutrition and Alternative Dietary Interventions on Postprandial Glycemia and Insulin Resistance

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 823 - 823

Published: Feb. 16, 2022

As years progress, we are found more often in a postprandial than postabsorptive state. Chrononutrition is an integral part of metabolism, pancreatic function, and hormone secretion. Eating most calories carbohydrates at lunch time early afternoon, avoiding late evening dinner, keeping consistent number daily meals relative times eating occasions seem to play pivotal role for glycemia insulin sensitivity. Sequence nutrients also significant role, as foods low density such vegetables, salads, or soups consumed first, followed by protein then starchy lead ameliorated glycemic responses. There several dietary schemes available, intermittent fasting regimes, which may improve Weight loss important the treatment resistance, it can be achieved many approaches, low-fat, low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean-style diets, etc. Lifestyle interventions with small weight (7-10%), 150 min weekly moderate intensity exercise behavioral therapy approach highly effective preventing treating type 2 diabetes. Similarly, decreasing improves significantly responses, but extent this reduction should individualized, patient-centered, monitored. Alternative ingredients, vinegar, yogurt, whey protein, peanuts tree nuts considered ameliorating hyperglycemia resistance. This review aims describe available evidence about effects diet, chrononutrition, alternative on

Language: Английский

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Metabolic dysfunction and obesity‐related cancer: Beyond obesity and metabolic syndrome

Obesity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(7), P. 1323 - 1334

Published: July 1, 2022

Abstract Objectives: The metabolic dysfunction driven by obesity, including hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, increases risk for developing at least 13 cancer types. concept of “metabolic dysfunction” is often defined meeting various combinations criteria syndrome. However, the lack a unified definition makes it difficult to compare findings across studies. This review summarizes 129 studies that evaluated variable definitions in relation obesity‐related mortality after diagnosis. Strategies management are also discussed. Methods A comprehensive search relevant publications MEDLINE (PubMed) Google Scholar with references was conducted. Results Metabolic dysfunction, as syndrome diagnosis or any number out clinical range, inflammatory biomarkers, markers organ function, has been associated for, from, colorectal, pancreatic, postmenopausal breast, bladder cancers. associations breast colorectal have observed independently BMI, increased individuals metabolically unhealthy normal weight overweight/obesity compared healthy weight. Conclusion key factor cancer, regardless obesity status. Nonetheless, harmonized will further clarify magnitude relationship types, enable better comparisons studies, guide stratification.

Language: Английский

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